Question 1 110 marks:

Circle the correct answer:

1- One TI relaxation time results in growing Mz, to:
a) 63% of My
b) (e *-1) × 100 % of Mo
c) (1 - e-1) × 100 % of Mo)
d) 37% of Mo

2- It consists of two cireular conductive loops connected by an even number of conductive

straight elements. This is the:
a) TEM coil
b) Birdcage coil
c)Helmholtz coil
d) Ring coil

3- Which one of the following sentences is wrong

a) Loosely bound hydrogen creates a considerable MR signal
B)Cortical bone appears black on an MRI
c) T2 relaxation is always shorter than TI relaxation time for any given tissue v
d) The spin-lattice interaction causes dephasing

4- T2 relaxation time is:

a) the time taken by Mxy component of the magnetization vector to loss
37% of its initial maximum value
b)the time taken by Mz component of the magnetization vector to loss
37% of its initial maximum value
c) the time taken by Mxy component of the magnetization vector to gain 63% of Mox
the time taken by Mxy component of the magnetization vector to loss 63% of its initial
maximum value

5- When more than one RF pulse is used with long repitation time, the improvement in
Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNIR) is due to:
a) the increase in signal intensity
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b) the reduction in noise intensity
c) both a and b
d) there is no improvement in SNR

6 "A time varying magnetic eld induces a voltage in a coil, this is:
[a) Gauss law
b) Electric potential law
c) Faradays law of induction
d) Plank's law
7- a surface coil is usually at and is a receiver cot wit a defeite area of
sensitivity from which it receives signal, therefore:
(a) it has lower SNR

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b) it has higher SNR
c) It increases eld of view (FOV)
d) inside its area of sensitivity, it receives minimal signal

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8-The overall transverse magnetization components (My) of the various tissue in the
body shrinks in values very fast in T2* rather T2 envelop because of spin dephases
which means.
a) the Mxy vectors lost the phase because of a continuous change in their speed
b) the My vectors have different amplitudes
(c) the Mxy vectors lost the phase because of a sudden change in their
speed
d) the Mxy vectors are xed and not precessing, thus their phase difference equals
zero

9- An MRI coil that produces a rotating magnetic eld is known as

a) radiofrequency coil
b) gradient coil
c) shim coil
d) main coil

10-
Neutrons and protons of the body atomic nuclei contribute to the
MR signal:
a) because of their negative and positive charges
(b) because of their spinning properties
c) because they have even spin quantom number
d) the sentace is not correct, only protons can contribute in the NMR
phenonenonx
Question 2:

Figure 1 shows that the fat tissue has shorter T1 relaxation time than CSF tissue.
Similarly gure 2 shows that T2 for fat is shorter than CSF. in g 1 and 2 x -axis is
the repetition time and the eco time TE.

Analyses how can we adjust the TR and TE to make the contrast of the image
depends only on the difference bet T1relaxation time of the various tissues.

When the contrast is weighted by T1 which tissue will appear bright the fat or the
CSF?
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Question 3 (8 marks:
[4 marks| Part I: The problems of the primarily MR signal]

i. Explain why the free induction decay signal FID primarly MR signal is dif cult to
detect MRI.
ii. Why does the secoundary MR signal (echo ) is detected?

marks] Part II: The effect of repetition time (TR) on the FID signal:

i-
Sketch the expected two FID signals resulted from Watertissue when two 90 degree
RF pulses with short TR of 300 ms are used (an FID appears after each pulse).

ii-

Sketch the expected two FID signals resulted from fat issue when two
90 degree RF pulses with short TR of 300 ms are used.