MCC PUBLIC SCHOOL

CHETPET, CHENNAI - 600031

BIOLOGY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
\2023 - 2024

“ NAVEE KRISHNAA M ”

SUBMITTED BY

Register No:
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that NAVEE KRISHNAA M of class XII from MCC

PUBLIC SCHOOL, has successfully completed the BIOLOGY
Investigatory Project on the topic
“Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Components in Spinach and Moringa
leaves under the guidance of Mrs. Jeesha .VC during the academic year
2023-2024 in partial fulfillment of BIOLOGY practical examination
conducted by SSCE, Delhi.

Dated:
Signature of the teacher
(P.G.T in BIOLOGY)

School seal:

Submitted for Senior School Certificate Practical Examination held at

Chennai.

Signature of
Dated:
External Examiner

External Examiner
Number
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

My sincere compliments and gratitude to our Biology

teacher, Mrs. Jeesha.VC for her valuable suggestions,
guidance, and encouragement in completing the
project.

I would also like to express my appreciation to our

Lab Assistant, Mrs. V. Flarance Subashini for her
help and support. A special thanks goes to my parents
and family members, who supported me and
encouraged me to complete this project on time.

My special acknowledgement and gratitude to our

Principal Ma’am, Dr. Ms. Jolly S Mathew, for her
coordination in providing every support network to
ensure the success of this Project.
 INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Components in

Spinach and Moringa leaves

To analyze the micro and macro nutrient content of spinach

(Spinacia oleracea) and moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves.
Both spinach and moringa leaves are renowned for their
nutritional value, but a comprehensive biological analysis is
necessary to determine their relative nutrient profiles. The
project involves laboratory extraction and analysis of various
micro and macro nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals,
proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, in spinach and moringa
leaves. The findings will provide insights into the biological
composition of these leafy vegetables and their potential
health benefits.
Introduction:

Spinach and moringa leaves are widely consumed due to

their high nutritional value, this project focuses on
investigating and analyzing the biological composition of
spinach and moringa leaves, shedding light on their potential
health benefits from a biological perspective

Materials and Methods:

1. Fresh spinach leaves

2. Fresh moringa leaves
3. Laboratory equipment (blender, beakers, test tubes,
centrifuge, etc.)
4. Distilled water
5. Chemical reagents for micronutrient analysis (vitamins,
minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, etc.)
6. Weighing balance

PROCEDURE
1. Collection and Preparation of Leaves:
a. Gather fresh spinach and moringa leaves
b. Clean the leaves thoroughly with distilled water to
remove impurities.
c. Pat dry the leaves and separate them into two groups,
one for spinach and one for moringa.

2. Nutrient Extraction:
a. Weigh a fixed quantity of each type of leaves
separately.
b. Add a suitable solvent (ethanol) to the leaves and
blend them to obtain a homogenous mixture.

c. Centrifuge the mixture to separate the liquid extract

from the solid residue

3. Nutrient Analysis:
 a. Perform specific biochemical tests for each
micronutrient present in the extracted solutions of
spinach and moringa leaves

A. PRE-RECORDED QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE

ANALYSIS:

MORINGA (Moringa derifera) the composition of

moringa is as follows:

Leaf protein contains the following amino acids:

(mg / 100 g N)

Kernel of seed contains

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) the compositions are

as follows
 RESULTS

The significance of the results in terms of

nutritional benefits and potential health implications
and highlight the vegetable that offers superior
biological composition.

CONCLUSION

Based on the results of this biological analysis, it

can be concluded that either spinach or moringa leaves
possess distinct nutrient advantages over the other. By
comparing the micronutrient content of spinach and
moringa leaves, This study emphasises the importance
of biochemical analysis in understanding the
composition of food source and how they impact on
human health

Plant Tissue Analysis in Micronutrients

J. Benton Jomes 01 January 1991

This chapter reviews the state of the art of assaying

plant tissue and interpreting the obtained result for
micronutrients. It addresses the seven elements,
boron, chlorine, copper, iron, manganese,
molybdenum, and zinc, protein and carbohydrates
although the reader should be aware that plants
contain other elements whose presence may be either
beneficial or detrimental to their growth and
development. The diagnosis and recommendation
integrated system concept of plant analysis
interpretation has been compared to the traditional
techniques based on sufficiency range interpretative
values in established plant analysis programs.

Farmers need to be aware of the value by monitoring

the nutrient element status of their soils and crops by
soil tests and plant analyses, which provides a means
for ensuring micronutrient sufficiency.