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GSM-based Automated Over Voltage and Under Voltage Monitoring System For Panel Boards Using Arduino Uno
GSM-based Automated Over Voltage and Under Voltage Monitoring System For Panel Boards Using Arduino Uno
GSM-based Automated Over Voltage and Under Voltage Monitoring System For Panel Boards Using Arduino Uno
and any voltage changes can result in monitoring of the panelboard happens.
damage. Overvoltage refers to a sudden These willbe converted into DC to satisfy
increase or exceeding of voltage the voltage needed of the Arduino. In the
limitations, which can harm the equipment Arduino Uno, a sensor is connected. This
and connected loads [39][31].Loss of sensor will be the one measuring the
insulation and damage to electrical electrical parameters, specifically voltage.
components may occur when voltages The device is programmed that whenever
surpass standard values. Similarly, the measured voltage does not exceed or
undervoltage, characterized by voltages below the certain value coded to the
below the standard value, can cause Arduino, or basically if the voltage went
damage to electrical loads and equipment.
under or over, the GSM module will
Insufficient voltage requires extra current
draw, impacting the equipment's normal automatically notify the building admin. To
operation and eventually leading to its ensure that the device is working from 7 am
deterioration [8]. To achieve efficient real- to 8:30 pm, the building admin will be
time monitoring, the study aims to notified regarding the status of the
integrate overvoltage and undervoltage parameters daily.
monitoring systems with GSM and a data The input data shown in figure 1.1. will be
logger. This automated monitoring system the very basis of the study and will be
will be developed for a balanced three- processed by programming the device using
phase panel board, including current Arduino IDE to make the other connected
monitoring. The researchers will focus on components work in a synchronized
monitoring phase voltages in a balanced manner. Using the AC voltage sensor, the
three-phase system, where currents pass data will be measured and analyzed if an
through three wires, and the neutral wire overvoltage and undervoltage occurs with
carries fault current to the Earth. The respect to the Philippine Distribution Code
device will be powered directly from a specification. The result of the study will be
convenience outlet and converted to DC acquired to the process which is to alert if a
using an ACto DC 12V Power Adapter for voltage anomaly occurs
continuous operation [21].
The researchers sought and aim to answer
the following questions:
1. What is the accuracy level of the system
readings compared to the multimeter
reading of the panelboard?
2. How does connected loads affect the
voltage and current output of the
panelboard?
What is the correlation of the GSM module
and Data logger?
What are the advantages and disadvantages
in terms of the monitoring system in
panelboard compared to manual
monitoring?
The step-by-step flow of the study shown in
figure 1.1. Explained that the power source Objective of the Study:
of the device will come directly to the The purpose of the study is to develop an
convenience outlet to ensure the electrical parameter monitoring device that
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Volume 1, Issue 2, Aug 2023 International Journal of Modern Science and Research Technology
reviewed. However, limited studies have data was stored locally using a data logger
explored the use of GSM modules for and the researcher determined the
sending SMS alerts, with some focusing on correlation between the GSM module and
integrating them into panel boards. Most the data logger based on the stored data. A
studies have primarily conducted test was conducted by the researchers that
simulations rather than practical aims to compare voltages and current with
implementations. Furthermore, many motor load and with neutral load which
studies have utilized microcontrollers, such determines if motor load affects voltage and
as Arduino Uno, to measure only the current variation.
voltage in single-phase systems. The proposed monitoring system was
This study aims to address the research gap implemented in two of the panelboards in
by monitoring under voltage and over PLV. The prototype is installed in the
voltage conditions in a balanced three- lighting panel board of the Electrical room
phase panel board. To achieve this, an of the second floor for 4 days for neutral
Arduino Uno microcontroller will be load and 3 days also at the panel board of
utilized, along with an Arduino GSM shield the electrical laboratory of the College of
for implementing an alert system and a data Engineering and Information Technology
logger for data storage. In addition to (CEIT) building for the motor load. In
voltage monitoring, the study will also addition, the system is tapped in the load
measure current, another critical electrical side of the panel board, for actual reading
parameter. The findings of this study will and to gather data regarding the panelboard
be supported by a comprehensive review of voltage and current output andcompare it to
relevant literature and prior research, the multimeter readings of the panelboard
strengthening the rationale for the study. system in order to calculate the accuracy
The ultimate goal of this research is to and determine the percentage error of the
provide valuable insights and establish the device to the actual reading of the
significance of the research objectives. multimeter.
II. Methodology:
This study discussed the design, setting,
instruments and workflow applied in the
study in a concise manner in this chapter.
The study focused on the development of a
voltage monitoring device in Pamantasan ng
Lungsod ng Valenzuela(PLV) to manage the
voltage output of a panelboard and provide
timely data locally to inform qualified
personnel about the condition of the
panelboard. Alongside with the voltage,
current was also monitored. The key
components of the study are the system
hardware and software setup. The system
was implemented in an experimental
condition toidentify the accuracy of the
sensor in reading voltage and current
parameters for calibration. Furthermore, the Data Gathering Procedure:
Phase1: Programming the System Software
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Volume 1, Issue 2, Aug 2023 International Journal of Modern Science and Research Technology
C. Percent Accuracy
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 = (𝑋 − 𝑌) 𝑋 100%
𝑌
Where:
X = Measured ValueY = Real Value
D. Pearson Correlation
Where:
r = correlation coefficient
𝑥 = raw data in the ≤GSM module
𝑖
𝑥̄= mean of the raw data in the GSM module
𝑦 = raw data stored in the data logger
𝑖
ȳ = mean of the raw data stored in the data
logger
E. Paired T-test
A. Mean
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The researchers used International Business to ensure the reliability and validity of the
Machines Statistical Package for the Social data. They proposed various statistical tools
Sciences or IBM SPSS statistical software
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₱14.28 load/day for the sim card of the ₱590 per day salary ofelectrician
GSM module (based on minimum wage)
₱100 - ₱1,500 maintenance cost ₱0 to ₱399 for replacinga broken digital multimeter
Advantages Disadvantages
Full list of the parameter readings for every One monitoring system device per panel board
5 minutes
Real-time monitoring
and achieved precise calibration for reliable adviser, for his invaluable guidance,
voltage readings. From 6 pm onwards, the profound insights, significant suggestions,
supply voltage exhibits an increase, while and comprehensive knowledge, which
the demand experiences a decrease, owing played a pivotal role in shaping the
to the limited number of students present at trajectory of our study.
the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela. Furthermore, we sincerely appreciate the
The system holds significant potential for invaluable contributions of our research
various applications that require trustworthy adviser, Engr. Alex J. Monsanto, for his
voltage monitoring, ensuring the efficient unwavering dedication, tireless efforts in
and safe operation of electrical systems teaching, thorough review, and insightful
inputs have greatlyenriched the content and
while minimizing potential disruptions or
rigor of our research paper.
damages. It establishes its long-term
viability in voltage monitoring and We would also like to express our profound
management applications. thankfulness to Engr. Sarah Jane B. Cortez,
her tireless support and unwavering
Further research and development in this guidance during the placement of our
area hold promise for expanding the prototype were instrumental in its
capabilities of Arduino and enhancing its successful implementation. Additionally,
functionality in data storage, remote we extend our heartfelt appreciation to our
communication, and electrical monitoring. dean, Engr. Jordan N. Velasco, for
Future investigations could explore approving the integration of our prototype
additional sensor integration for expanded within our educational institution and
measurement capabilities, investigate providing valuable suggestions to enhance
optimizationtechniques for data storage and the overall quality and structure of our
thesis paper. Our gratitude also extends to
retrieval, and explore advanced
our families, whose unwavering moral
communication protocols for enhanced
support, understanding, and financial
remote monitoring and control. Overall, provision have been indispensable
Arduino is a valuable platform with throughout our academic journey. We thank
immense potential for innovation and our friends for their unwavering support and
application in various industries and invaluable feedback on our study. Finally,
domains. we owe our most profound appreciation to
Acknowledgment: the members of our group, whose
unwavering dedication, relentless
First and foremost, we express our deepest commitment, and resilience were
gratitude to God Almighty for granting us instrumental in overcoming the myriad of
the wisdom, strength, robust health, challenges, sleepless nights, and adversities
blessings, and invaluable support system that accompanied this arduous journey.
that enabled the realization of this research The completion of this research represents
paper. not only a significant milestone for the
We want to take this esteemed opportunity researchers but also for all individuals who
to extend our profound appreciation and have been part of this study. Therefore, we
immeasurable gratitude to all individuals offer our heartfelt appreciation and sincere
who selflessly extended their assistance, gratitude to all of them for their invaluable
guidance, and unwavering support contributions and unwavering support.
throughout this study.
We extend our heartfelt gratitude to Engr.
Jomel S. Cristobal, our esteemed technical
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V. References:
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Pansare, V., & Vakhare, A. (2018). 23901014
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https://www.irjet.net/archives/V5/i2/IRJ Z M., & Shahriman, A B. (2019). An
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