Instruksi: Diskusikanlah apa perbedaan antara modernisme dan pascamodernisme berdasarkan sumber-sumber yang relevan.
Berikan contoh untuk setiap
aspek yang Anda identifikasi
NO ASPEK MODERNISME
1. Era kemunculan The modernism era is a historical
(jelaskan konteks period spanning most of the
kemunculan) 20th century, with the peak of its
influence occurring in the middle
of the century. The era of
modernism represented
significant changes in art,
culture, and thought, with the
exploration of new ideas, the
breaking of traditions, and an
emphasis on individual
expression. It was a dynamic and
diverse period in various fields of
art and culture around the
world.
2. Pandangan terhadap People's views on modernism
manusia are heavily influenced by each
(bagaimanakah konsep individual's cultural background,
diri/self dan education and personal
humanisme) experiences. This is an important
reality because modernism, with
all its complexities, affects
various aspects of human life
and has diverse impacts
depending on individual
PASCAMODERNISME CONTOH
The era of postmodernism, modernism:
emerged in the mid to late 20th  World War 1
century as a reaction to and  Modern literature
development after the era of  Technological
modernism. It is a period development
characterized by significant shifts in
thought, art, culture and postmodernism:
philosophy. The emergence of the  Globalization
postmodernist era was a complex  Critique of Modernism
reaction to modernism and created  Diversity and Uncertainty
significant developments in various
aspects of human life. It is a period
filled with a diversity of views and
experiments in art, culture, and
thought.
People's views on postmodernism, modernism:
vary widely and are often reflected  Progress Optimism
in their personal understanding of  Individual Freedom
the cultural, social and intellectual  Rational and Scientific
developments that occurred during Thinking
this era. This diversity of views
reflects the complexity of postmodernism:
postmodernism as a concept and  Skepticism of Single
movement. It is important to Narratives
remember that individuals' views of  Relative Understanding
 perspectives. Being open to
listening to and understanding
different views on modernism is
a good way to understand the
diversity of thought in this
increasingly globalized and
complex society.
3. Pandangan terhadap Technological views of
teknologi modernism tend to reflect
(bagaimana relasi optimism and belief in the
antara teknologi important role of technology in
dengan social progress and
masyarakat/manusia, transformation. This view of
dampak/hasilnya) technology often creates
optimism and faith in the
potential of technology to
achieve greater goals and
progress in society. However, it
is important to remember that
this view can also raise questions
about the social, economic and
environmental impacts of rapid
technological development.
postmodernism can be positive,  Appreciation of a Mix of
negative, or even ambivalent, Styles
depending on various factors such
as their backgrounds, values, and
personal experiences. This makes
postmodernism an interesting and
contemporary topic of discussion in
human culture and thought.
Technological views of modernism:
postmodernism often reflect the  Optimism towards
complexity and diversity in how Technological
humans understand the role of Advancement
technology in this era. It reflects a  Belief in Rationality and
more critical approach to Efficiency
technological development in  Science and Technology
postmodernism, as well as an Development
awareness of the complexity of its
impact in various aspects of human postmodernism:
life.
 Skepticism of Technology
 Games in Technology
 A Critique of
Technological Capitalism

4. Pandangan tentang Views on the meaning of Views on the meaning of modernism:

makna modernism tend to reflect a
(jelaskan definisi, letak, deeper understanding of this
serta jalannya proses movement in art, culture and
pemaknaan) thought. Views on the meaning
of modernism can vary greatly
depending on cultural contexts,
disciplines, and individual
postmodernism, or postmodernism,
often reflect a complex and
versatile understanding of this
period in art, culture and thought.
Views on the meaning of
postmodernism vary widely
depending on cultural contexts,
 The Shift from Tradition
 Critique of Contemporary
Society
 Experimentation and
Innovation
 viewpoints. While modernism is
often associated with 20th
century developments, the
concept is still relevant and
influences various aspects of
human life to this day.
5. Pandangan tentang The modernist view of art and
seni dan budaya culture reflects significant
changes in the way humans
(jelaskan corak/genre perceive and produce art and
karya seni dan budaya) how culture is interpreted. The
modernist view of art and
culture created a major shift in
the paradigm of art and culture
and created a shift from
conventional traditions towards
more experimental and creative
forms. It was a dynamic period in
the history of art and culture
that continues to influence the
development of art to this day.
disciplines, and individual
viewpoints. It is a period full of
diversity and complexity in art,
culture, and thought, and views
about it continue to evolve over
time.
Postmodernist views of art and
culture, or postmodernism, reflect
significant changes in the
understanding of art and culture
after the era of modernism.
Postmodernist views of art and
culture often recognize the
complexity and ambiguity in the
contemporary world of art and
culture. It is a period full of
creativity, amalgamation and deep
reflection on an increasingly
complex and connected culture and
society.
postmodernism:
 Diversity and Plurality
 Uncertainty and
Fragmentation
 Critique of the grand
narrative
modernism:
 Impressionism: Is one of
the early modernist
movements in painting.
Impressionist artists, such
as Claude Monet and
Pierre-Auguste Renoir,
pursued an understanding
of light, color, and
changes in atmosphere.
They captured the
moment in paintings with
a looser and more
experimental style.Post-
Impressionism: This style
includes artists such as
Vincent van Gogh and
Paul Cézanne, who
continued their
exploration of color and
 form, but in a more
personal and abstract
style. Post-Impressionism
emphasizes the
subjectivity of the artist.
 Fauvism: An art
movement that was
striking and bold in its use
of bright, unrealistic
colors. Henri Matisse was
one of the pioneers of
fauvism. This style
challenged the norms of
realism.

postmodernism:
 Eclecticism:
Postmodernism often
creates works that are
eclectic, combining
elements from various
styles and historical
periods. This creates
complex works with many
different cultural
references.
 Pop Art: The pop art
movement created works
inspired by popular
culture, such as
advertisements, comics
 and consumer products.
Artists such as Andy
Warhol and Roy
Lichtenstein are known
for this style.
 Neo-Expressionism: This
style creates works that
express emotion and
energy through the use of
bright colors, textures,
and energetic
brushstrokes. Artists such
as Jean-Michel Basquiat
belong to this movement.

6. Tokoh-tokoh dan 1. Sigmund Freud 1. Jean-François Lyotard modernism:

teori-teori penting 2. Albert Einstein 2. Jean Baudrillard
3. Henri Bergson 3. Michel Foucault  Sigmund Freud: Freud's
(jelaskan sekilas 1-2 psychoanalysis brought an
tokoh beserta understanding of the
teori/konsep penting) unconscious, dreams, and
complexes that influenced
modern art and literature.
Concepts such as "Es, Ego,
and Superego" also
influenced thinking about
character in modern
literature.
 Albert Einstein: Einstein's
Theory of Relativity,
especially the Special and
General Theories of
 Relativity, changed the
understanding of time,
space, and mass,
influencing philosophical
and artistic thinking in
modernism.
 Henri Bergson: Bergson
brought the concept of
"durée" (duration) which
highlighted the subjective
and fluctuating
experience of time,
contributing to modern
philosophical thought and
art.

postmodernism:
 Jean-François Lyotard:
This French theorist is
known for his work "The
Postmodern Condition,"
which proposes that
postmodernism is
characterized by a
diversity of narratives and
a rejection of the grand
narrative (meta-
narrative).
 Jean Baudrillard:
Baudrillard developed
theories on simulation
 and hyperreality, claiming
that in the postmodern
world, reality is
increasingly defined by
media representations.
 Michel Foucault: Foucault
explored the concepts of
power and knowledge in
postmodern society. His
works question ideas
about authority and truth.

Definisikanlah istilah-istilah berikut

7. Postmodern Postmodern is a term used to describe a period in the history of culture, philosophy, art, and architecture
that came after the era of modernism. It reflects a shift in thought and cultural paradigm from the
centralized, fixed mindset of modernism to a more complex, diverse, and sometimes ambiguous
understanding.
8. Postmodernity Postmodernity is a term that refers to the cultural, social, economic and political state or condition in the era
of post-modernism or post-modernity. It is the period that follows the era of modernism and is often
characterized by various changes and characteristics. Postmodernity is a complex and evolving era, and
approaches to the concept may vary among different disciplines and cultures.
9. Postmodernism Postmodernism is a movement or period in the history of art, literature, philosophy, architecture, culture,
and thought that emerged after the era of modernism. It reflects a shift in thought and cultural paradigm
from the centralized, fixed mindset of modernism to a more complex, diverse, and sometimes ambiguous
understanding. Postmodernism is a complex and controversial era in the history of culture and thought,
resulting in various forms of artistic expression and diverse philosophical viewpoints.
10. Discourse Discourse is a concept that encompasses an understanding of the ways in which communication, language,
or writing is used to shape thought, meaning, and understanding within a social or cultural context. It
includes not only what is spoken or written, but also the norms, values, and rules that govern
communication in a given society. In discourse analysis, attention is paid to how language is used to
influence worldviews, create identities, and shape opinions. Discourse also includes the concept of shared
understanding of a particular topic or issue in society.
 11. Simulacra Simulacra (plural of "simulacrum") is a concept in philosophy and cultural theory that refers to
representations or imitations that have no original reference in the real world. In the context of simulacra,
something is perceived as an imitation or copy that is increasingly distant from the actual reality.
12. Deconstruction Deconstruction is an approach in literary theory, philosophy, and cultural criticism developed by French
philosopher Jacques Derrida. It is a method of analysis that explores how language and text work,
emphasizing the multiplicity of meaning and indeterminacy in written language. Deconstruction proposes
that texts, concepts, and worldviews do not have fixed meanings, but rather meanings that are always open
to multiple interpretations.
13. hyperreality Hyperreality is a term in cultural theory used to refer to a condition in which the boundaries between the
real world and its representations in media, technology or popular culture become increasingly blurred. In
hyperreality, reality and simulation cannot be clearly distinguished, and people tend to accept
representations as real.
14. Tulislah movie review Cloudy with A Chance of Meatballs. Setuju/tidak setujukah Anda bahwa film tersebut mengilustrasikan fase
perkembangan masyarakat dari modernisme ke pascamodernisme? Tulis maks (250 kata)

- Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs" is an animated film released in 2009, directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller. It is loosely based on
the children's book of the same name by Judi and Ron Barrett. The movie is a delightful and imaginative take on the source material,
delivering a fun-filled adventure with plenty of humor and heart. The story is set in the quirky town of Swallow Falls, where the eccentric
inventor Flint Lockwood creates a machine that can convert water into food. Initially, the invention leads to some hilarious and over-the-top
food weather events, but things quickly spiral out of control. The film explores themes of invention, responsibility, and the consequences of
playing with nature. The animation in "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs" is vibrant and visually appealing. The food-based weather events
are particularly impressive, showcasing the creativity of the animators. The characters in the film are endearing and well-developed. Flint
Lockwood, voiced by Bill Hader, is a likable and relatable protagonist. Other characters, such as Sam Sparks (voiced by Anna Faris) and
Officer Earl Devereaux (voiced by Terry Crews), add depth and humor to the story. Overall "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs" is a delightful
animated film that offers a unique and imaginative premise. It's a fun adventure with heartwarming moments and a positive message. The
combination of humor, colorful animation, and relatable characters makes it an enjoyable movie for the whole family. Whether you're a fan
of the book or new to the story, this film is worth a watch.

- I disagree that the movie "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs" directly illustrates the phase of society's development from modernism to
postmodernism. Modernism and postmodernism are frameworks of thought and periods of cultural development that are more related to
philosophical thought, art, literature, and social and cultural development more broadly. While films can reflect aspects of culture and
society in their stories, they are often forms of entertainment and amusement designed to appeal to a variety of audiences, including
children.