IVAN RISYANDI SANYOTO - 3211418054

Multiple choice

1. Jakarta City often occurs floods and tides which are a result of…

a. sea level rise

b. land subsidence

c. floods and tides to rise to sea water

d. Use tidal inundation land

e. flooding, rising sea levels, and subsidence

2. Allocation of development space is one of the fields that applies geography to save areas
of interest with the principles of…

a. keep the source of disaster away from the community

b. tame the source of disaster from the community

c. keep people away from the source of disaster

d. Free the source

e. eliminate source

3. In general, preparedness training activities are divided into 5 (five) main stages, except
a. preparation
b. implementation
c. monitoring
d. learning
e. the planning
4. What is the meaning of disaster According to the contents of LAW OF THE
REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA NUMBER 24 of 2007 Article 1 paragraph 1 ...
a. events or series of events that threaten and disrupt people's lives and livelihoods caused, both
by natural and / or non-natural and human factors, resulting in human casualties,
environmental damage, property losses, and psychological impacts.
b. disasters caused by events or a series of events caused by nature include earthquakes,
tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, droughts, hurricanes, and landslides.
c. disasters caused by events or series of non-natural events which include technology failures,
modernization failures, epidemics, and disease outbreaks.
d. disasters caused by events or a series of events caused by humans which include social
conflicts between groups or between communities, and terror.
e. a series of efforts covering the establishment of development policies that risk disaster
occurrence, disaster prevention activities, emergency response, and rehabilitasi.
5. Determination of national and regional disaster status and level as referred to in
paragraph (1) letter c contains indicators except…
a. number of victims
b. property loss
c. damage to infrastructure and facilities
d. wide coverage of the area affected by the disaster
e. food needs

ESSAI

1. Why is Indonesia labeled a Disaster-Prone Country?

• History has shown that Indonesia is home to the two largest volcanic eruptions in the world. In
1815 the Tambora volcano on Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara, erupted and spewed 1.7
million tons of ash and volcanic material. Krakatau Volcano erupted in 1883. It is estimated that
the eruption was equivalent to an explosion produced by 200 megatons of TNT, or about 13,000
times the force of the explosion produced by the atomic bomb that destroyed Hiroshima in
World War II.
The deadliest disaster occurred at the beginning of the XXI century also occurred in Indonesia.
On December 26, 2004, a major earthquake occurred at sea near Simeuleu Island, west of
Sumatra Island. The earthquake triggered a tsunami which later killed more than 225,000 people
in eleven countries and destroyed coastal zones in the countries affected. During the XX century
there were only a number of disasters with large casualties such as the 2004 tsunami. In
Indonesia alone, the earthquake and tsunami killed around 165,708 people and affected losses of
more than Rp 48 trillion.
In addition to the large scale disasters reported in history, Indonesia is also affected by major
disasters that occur almost every year and cause insignificant losses. The annual floods that
affected Jakarta around the regions, cities and regencies along the Bengawan Solo watershed and
many regions in the country have caused trillions of rupiah in material and material losses. This
case also applies with the danger of drought that has become increasingly common in many
regions of Indonesia, which in addition to threatening productive crop production also has the
potential to impoverish people whose livelihoods depend on agriculture, plantations, and
livestock.
2. What impact does Indonesia have on the world's three active plates?
• Indonesia is located at the meeting point of three active plates, namely the Indo Australia plate
in the south, the Euro Asia plate in the north and the Pacific plate in the east. The three plates
move and poke each other in such a way that the Indo Australian plate pushes it under the Euro
Asia plate. Moving north the Indo Australian plate pushes to the Euro Asia plate which moves
south and this creates seismic lines and active volcano rings along the islands of Sumatra, Java,
Bali and Nusa Tenggara, turning north to Maluku and North Sulawesi, parallel to the subduction
zone from two plates. As a result, Indonesia has become an area prone to earthquakes,
Earthquake-prone areas in Indonesia are distributed close to subduction zones and areas near
active faults. Areas close to the subduction zone include the west coast of Sumatra, the south
coast of Java, the southern coast of Bali and Nusa Tenggara, Maluku Island, North Maluku, the
north and east coast of Sulawesi and the north coast of Papua. Meanwhile, regions in Indonesia
located near active fault lines include areas along Bukit Barisan in Sumatra, West Java Province,
Central Java, Special Region of Yogyakarta, East Java, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa
Tenggara, Sulawesi Island, Maluku Islands , and Papua Island. Some active faults recorded in
Indonesia include the Sumatra Fault, Cimandiri Fault, Lembang Fault, Baribis Fault, Opak Fault,
Flores Back Arc Fault, Palu-Koro Fault, Sorong Fault, Ransiki Fault, Active Fault in Banten,
Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Island Island Mollucas and other active interference systems that have not
yet been launched.
 3. What are the Objectives of Disaster Management?
• provide protection to the community from the threat of disaster;
• harmonize existing laws and regulations;
• ensure the planned, integrated, coordinated and comprehensive disaster management;
• respect the local culture;
• building public and private participation and partnerships;
• encourage the spirit of mutual cooperation, solidarity and generosity; and
• create peace in the life of society, nation and state.
4. How is the governance of Disaster Management Funds management in Indonesia
according to state financial law?
• In carrying out disaster management, the government has responsibilities, including but not
limited to (see Article 6 of Law 24/2007):
a. the allocation of the disaster management budget in an adequate state revenue and expenditure
budget;
b. the disaster management budget allocation in the form of ready-to-use funds.
The regional government also has a responsibility in the implementation of disaster management,
one of which includes the allocation of disaster management funds in an adequate regional
budget (see Article 8 letter d of Law 24/2007).
From this we can know that the disaster management fund is sourced from the state budget and
regional budget. During an emergency response, the National Disaster Management Agency
("BNPB") uses ready-made funds provided by the Government in the BNPB budget. Emergency
response itself is a series of activities that are carried out immediately at the time of a disaster to
deal with the adverse impacts caused, which include rescue and evacuation of victims, property,
fulfillment of basic needs, protection, refugee management, rescue, and restoration of
infrastructure and facilities ( see Article 1 number 10 of Law 24/2007).
What is meant by "ready to use" funds based on the explanation of Article 6 letter f of Law
24/2007 is that funds are reserved by the government to be used at any time in the event of a
disaster.
Another legal basis governing the management of natural disaster funds is Government
Regulation Number 22 of 2008 concerning Funding and Management of Disaster Assistance
("PP 22/2008"). According to Article 3 PP 22/2008, funding arrangements and disaster relief
management include:
a. sources of funds for disaster management;
b. use of disaster management funds;
c. disaster relief management; and
d. supervision, reporting, and accountability for funding and managing disaster relief.
The disaster management fund comes from [Article 4 paragraph (2) PP 22/2008]:
a. State Budget
b. APBD
c. Public.
5. CHAPTER III of Law Number 24 Year 2007 concerning Disaster Management
contains what?

CHAPTER III
RESPONSIBILITIES AND AUTHORITY
Article 5
The government and regional government are responsible for organizing disaster management.
Article 6
The responsibilities of the Government in the implementation of disaster management include:
a. disaster risk reduction and integration of disaster risk reduction with development programs;
b. community protection from the effects of disasters;
c. guaranteeing the fulfillment of the rights of people and refugees affected by disasters fairly
and in accordance with minimum service standards;
d. recovery from disaster impacts;
e. the allocation of the disaster management budget in an adequate state revenue and expenditure
budget;
f. the disaster management budget allocation in the form of ready-to-use funds; and
g. maintaining authentic and credible archives / documents from threats and impacts of disasters.