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1
 This class has been approved for 2 hours
continuing education code credits

DISCLAIMER:
“Through the presentation of this course and/or these
materials no representation actual or implied is made
that the trainer or MEA/ETN is setting or enforcing
specific standards or is providing peer review,
certification, accreditation, or product testing”.

The material is adapted from the 2017 NEC® NFPA 70.

Actual code articles in their entirety are required to
maintain compliance.

2
 Range calculations
 General Lighting requirements
 Track Lighting
 Small appliance loads
 Ambient Temperature
 Conductor Count
 Conduit Fill
 Box Fill

 Voltage Drop - If time allows

3
Range calculations

4
 Load for household electric ranges, wall-mounted ovens,
counter-mounted cooking units, & other household
cooking appliances individually rated in excess of 1-3/4
kW shall be permitted to be calculated in accordance with
Table 220.55

 (kVA) shall be considered equivalent to (kW) for loads

calculated

5
6
Notes to table:

1. Over 12 kW through 27 kW ranges all of same

rating.

For ranges individually rated more than 12 kW but

not more than 27 kW, the maximum demand in
Column C shall be increased 5 percent for each
additional kilowatt of rating or major fraction
thereof– by which the rating of individual ranges
exceeds 12 kW.

7
Notes to table:

2. Over 8-3/4 kW through 27 kW ranges of unequal

ratings.
For ranges individually rated more than 8-3/4 kW
and of different ratings, but none exceeding 27 kW,
an average value of rating shall be calculated by
adding together the ratings of all ranges to obtain
the total connected load (using 12 kW for any range
rated less than 12 kW) and dividing by the total
number of ranges.

Then the maximum demand in Column C shall be

increased 5 percent for each kilowatt or major
fraction thereof- by which this average value
exceeds 12 kW.

8
 Notes to table:

 3. Over 1-3/4 kW through 8-3/4 kW.

 In lieu (instead of) of the method provided in Column C,
it shall be permissible to add the nameplate ratings of all
household cooking appliances rated more than 1-3/4 kW
but not more than 8-3/4 kW and multiply the sum by the
demand factors specified in Column A or Column B for the
given number of appliances.

 Where (some of) the rating of cooking appliances falls

under both Column A and Column B, the demand factors
for each column shall be applied to the appliances for
that column, and the results added together. (Use the
percentage that applies to each column sizing)

9
Notes to table:

4. The branch-circuit load for one range is permitted to

be computed by using Table 220.55.

If a single branch circuit supplies a counter-mounted

cooking unit and not more than two wall-mounted ovens,
all of which are located in the same room, the nameplate
ratings of these appliances can be added and the total
treated as the equivalent of one range, according to Note
4 of Table 220.55.

10
5. This table shall also apply to household
cooking appliances rated over 1-3 ⁄ 4 kW and
used in instructional programs.

11
Section 220.14(B), 220.55 Note 1
18.4 – 12 = 6.4kw (6 more than 12)
6 x 5% = 30% more

Column C = 8KW
8 KW X 1.30% = 10.4KW = 43.333amps = #8
240 v

Neutral (220.61) 43.333 X .7 = 30.333amps

= #10

12
 Section 210.19(A) (3) Smallest size allowed

40 amps

(220.55) 8750watts (col. “C”=8KW)

8000 = 33.3333 amps
240

13
Section 220.55 Note 1
13.45 – 12 = 1.45 = 1KW
1 x 5% = 5%
Col. C = 21 x 1.05 = 22.05KW

220.61 – Neutral – 22.05KW X .7 =

15.435KW

14
Could use Section 220.55 Note 3 – Using Col. C =
22KW
OR
Note 3 in lieu of col C
3 x 6.75 = 20.25KW
4 X 5.25 = 21 KW
20.25 + 21 = 41.25KW
Col. B for 7 units =40% or .4
41.25 x .4 = 16.5KW
Neutral(220.61) – 16.75 X .7 = 11.55KW

15
Section 220.55, Note 2
3 - 9 (12)X3 = 36
4 -10.5(12)X4 = 48
3 -13.7X3 = 41.1
5 -19.3 X5 = 96.5
Avg: 221.6÷15 = 14.77KW

14.77 – 12 =2.77 ↑ 3X5%=15%

30KW (15 ranges) X 1.15 = 34.5 KW

Neutral = 34.5kW X .7 = 24.15KW 220.61

16
 Where it is unlikely that two or more non-coincident
loads will be used simultaneously, it is permissible to
use only the largest load that will be used at one time
for feeder or service calculations

17
(A) The feeder or service neutral load shall be the
maximum unbalance of the load. It shall be the
maximum net calculated load between the neutral
and any one ungrounded conductor

(B) Permitted Reductions. A service or feeder

supplying the following loads shall be permitted to
have an additional demand factor of 70 percent
applied to the amount in 220.61(B)(1) or portion of
the amount in 220.61(B)(2) determined by the basic
calculation: Following slide

18
 (B) (1) A feeder or service supplying household electric
ranges, wall-mounted ovens, counter-mounted cooking
units, and electric dryers, where the maximum
unbalanced load has been determined in accordance
with Table 220.55 for ranges and Table 220.54 for dryers

 (2) That portion of the unbalanced load in excess of 200

A where the feeder or service is supplied from a 3-wire
dc or single-phase ac system; or a (4-wire 3-phase, 3-
wire, 2-phase system); or a (5-wire, 2-phase system)

1
9
 C) Prohibited Reductions. There shall be no reduction of
the neutral or grounded conductor capacity applied to
the amount in 220.61(C)(1), or portion of the amount in
(C)(2), (as follows) from that determined by the basic
calculation:

 (1) Any portion of a 3-wire circuit consisting of 2

ungrounded conductors & neutral conductor of a 4-wire,
3-phase, wye-connected system (single phase off a three
phase)

 (2) That portion consisting of nonlinear loads supplied

from a 4-wire, wye-connected, 3-phase system
(switching power supplies)
2
0
 The demand factors specified in Table 220.42 shall
apply to that portion of the total branch-circuit
load calculated for general illumination.

 They shall not be applied in determining the

number of branch circuits for general illumination.

2
1
2
2
 (A) Small-Appliance Circuit Load. In each
dwelling unit, the load shall be calculated at
1500 VA for each 2-wire small-appliance branch
circuit as covered by 210.11(C)(1).

 These loads shall be permitted to be included

with the general lighting load and subjected to
the demand factors provided in Table 220.42.

2
3
 (B) Laundry Circuit Load. A load of not less than
1500 volt-amperes shall be included for each 2-
wire laundry branch circuit installed as covered by
210.11(C)(2).

 This load shall be permitted to be included with

the general lighting load and subjected to the
demand factors provided in Table 220.42.

2
4
 It shall be permissible to apply a demand factor of
75 percent to the nameplate rating load of four or
more appliances fastened in place, other than
electric ranges, clothes dryers, space-heating
equipment, or air-conditioning equipment, that are
served by the same feeder or service in a one-
family, two-family, or multifamily dwelling.

25
Ampacity Adjustments

26
 A) General.
 (1). Ampacities for conductors shall be permitted to be
determined by tables as provided in 310.15(B) or with
engineering supervision as in (C)

(2) Selection of Ampacity.

 Where more than one calculated or tabulated ampacity
could apply for a given circuit length, the lowest value
shall be used.
 (See exception of 10% or 10 ft rule)

27
 No conductor shall be used in such a manner that its
operating temperature exceeds rating for the type of
insulated conductor involved. (Do not exceed operating
temperature in tables)

 In no case shall conductors be associated together in

such a way, with respect to type of circuit, the wiring
method employed, or the number of conductors, that the
limiting temperature of any conductor is exceeded. (The
limit of temperature are based on the lowest rating of a
mixed conductor ratings)

28
 The principal determinants of operating temperature are
as follows:

 (1) Ambient temperature: may vary along the conductor

length as well as from time to time.
 (2) Heat generated internally in the conductor as the
result of load current flow, including fundamental and
harmonic currents.
 (3) Rate at which generated heat dissipates into the
ambient medium. Thermal insulation that covers or
surrounds conductors affects the rate of heat
dissipation.
 (4) Adjacent load-carrying conductors-adjacent
conductors have the dual effect of raising the ambient
temperature and impeding heat dissipation.

29
 2) Ambient Temperature Correction Factors. Ampacities
for ambient temperatures other than those shown in
the ampacity tables, shall be corrected in accordance
with Table 310.15(B)(2)(a) (based on 300 ambient) or
Table 310.15(B)(2)(b) (based on 400 ambient) , or shall
be permitted to be calculated using the following
equation:

 (Ampacity tables are for 300 C -860 F or 400 C 1040 F)

30
Below 78 ͦ F the ampacity can increase

Above 86 ͦ F the ampacity decreases

31
Table 310.15(B)(16), 310.15(B)(2)(a)

30A X .76 = 22.8 amps

#12 THHN Wire=20A

32
Table 310.15(B)(16), 310.15(B)(2)(a)

12A = 20.6896=21A
0.58

TW Wire-----#10

33
 Allowable Ampacities of Insulated Conductors
Rated 0 Through 2000 Volts, 60°C Through 90°C:

 Not More Than Three Current-Carrying

Conductors in Raceway, Cable, or Earth (Directly
Buried).

 Based on Ambient Temperature of 30°C (86°F)

34
35
Number of Current-
Carrying Conductors

3
6
 (3) Adjustment Factors.

 (a) More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors in a

Raceway or Cable.

 Where the number of current-carrying conductors in a

raceway or cable exceeds three, or where single
conductors or multiconductor cables are installed without
maintaining spacing for a continuous length longer than
24 in. and are not installed in raceways, the allowable
ampacity of each conductor shall be reduced as shown in
Table 310.15(B)(3)(a).

 Each current-carrying conductor of a paralleled set of

conductors shall be counted as a current-carrying
conductor.

37
38
 If there are 6 current carrying conductors of
AWG # 8 THHN in one raceway, the current
carrying capacity shall be reduced as per
Table 310.15 B-3-a .
 6 conductors use a reduction to 80% of the
values in Table 310.15 B-16
 55A X .80 = 44A for the safe current
ampacity without overheating the conductors

39
 (c) Raceways and Cables Exposed to Sunlight on
Rooftops. Where raceways or cables are exposed to direct
sunlight on or above rooftops, raceways shall be installed
so that IF the distance from the roof top to the bottom of
the conduit is less than 7/8 “, a temperature adder of
600 F shall be added to the outdoor temperature to
determine the applicable ambient temperature for
application of the correction factors in Table
310.15(B)(2)(a) or Table 310.15(B)(2)(b).

 Exception: Type XHHW-2 insulated conductors shall not

be subject to this ampacity adjustment.

40
41
- 3-1/2”

4
2
ASHRAE tables for average temp

Column:
1. Design temperature in Faren. 0
43
 Less than 7/8” above the roof surface: Add 600 F
to the ASHRE table of 880 in Faribault . = 1480 F

 Use Table 310.15 B -16 for 25 amps at 860 F

 Use Table 310.15 B -2 A for 750 conductor at 880
F for a temperature correction factor of .94

 .94 X 25 A = 23.5A

44
(5) Neutral Conductor as current carrying?
 Do Not Count a) A neutral conductor that carries only the
unbalanced current from other conductors of the same
circuit shall not be required to be counted when applying
the provisions of 310.15(B)(3)(a).

 DO Count neutral (b) In a 3-wire circuit consisting of two

phase conductors and the neutral conductor (single
phase) of a 4-wire, 3-phase, wye-connected system, a
common conductor carries approximately the same
current as the line-to-neutral load currents of the other
conductors and shall be counted applying the provisions
of 310.15(B)(3)(a).

 Review neutral current conductor of 3ph –wye system

 N = √ a 2 + b2 + c 2 -ab-ac-bc

45
(5) Neutral Conductor

 Do Count Neutral (c) On a 4-wire, 3-phase wye

circuit where the major portion of the load
consists of nonlinear loads, harmonic currents
are present in the neutral conductor; the neutral
conductor shall therefore be considered a
current-carrying conductor.

46
 Do Not Count (6) Grounding or Bonding
Conductor. A grounding or bonding
conductor shall not be counted when
applying the provisions of 310.15(B)(3)(a).

47
 There are 10 # 10 THHN current carrying
conductors in a conduit. The ambient temp
is 28 ͦ C. What is the maximum current that
the conductors can carry?

 # 10 THHN from 310.15 B16 = 40A

 From table 310.15 B-3-a = 50%
 40a X .5 = 20 A

48
 If 10 #10 THHN current carrying conductors
are in a conduit, and the ambient
temperature is 100 ͦ F, then the current
carrying capacity is reduced to _??__.

 From last calculation, the number of

conductors reduces the ampacity to 20A

 From table 310.15 B-2-a another multiplier

of .91 reduces the ampacity to 18.2A

49
 (7) 120/240-Volt, Single-Phase Dwelling Services & Feeders.

 For one-family dwellings and the individual dwelling units of

two-family and multifamily dwellings, service and feeder
conductors supplied by a single-phase, 120/240-volt system
shall be permitted be sized in accordance with 310.15(B)(7)(1)
through (4).

 For one-family dwellings and the individual dwelling units of

two-family and multifamily dwellings, service and feeder
conductors consisting of 2 phase conductors and the neutral
from a 208Y/120 shall be permitted to be sized in
accordance with 310.15(B)(7)(1) through (4).
 (single phase feed off a 3 phase system)

50
 (1) For a service rated 100 through 400 A, the service
conductors supplying the entire load associated with a
one- family dwelling, OR the service conductors
supplying the entire load associated with an individual
dwelling unit in a two-family or multifamily dwelling,
shall be permitted to have an ampacity not less than 83
percent of the service rating.
 (see table in Appendix D- example D.7)

51
 (2) For a feeder rated 100 through 400 A, the feeder
conductors supplying the entire load associated with a one-
family dwelling, or the feeder conductors supplying the entire
load associated with an individual dwelling, unit in a two-
family or multifamily dwelling, shall be permitted to have an
ampacity not less than 83 percent of the feeder rating.

 (3) In no case shall a feeder for an individual dwelling unit be

required to have an ampacity greater than that specified in
310.15(B)(7)(1) or (2).

 (4) Grounded conductors shall be permitted to be sized

smaller than the ungrounded conductors, provided that the
requirements of 220.61 and 230.42 for service conductors or
the requirements of 215.2 and 220.61 for feeder conductors
are met.

52
 Where correction or adjustment factors are
required in 310.15 (B) for (ambient temperature or
number of conductors) they shall be permitted to
apply to the temperature of the conductor.

53
 Conductor (AWG or kcmil)
Service or Feeder Rating Copper Aluminum or
(Amperes) Copper-Clad
Aluminum
100 4 2
110 3 1
125 2 1/0
150 1 2/0
175 1/0 3/0
200 2/0 4/0
225 3/0 250
250 4/0 300
300 250 350
350 350 500
400 400 600

54
Conduit Fill

55
Use this table to determine which column to use for
table 4

5
6
 1) See Annex C for the maximum number of
conductors and fixture wires, all of the same
size (total cross-sectional area including
insulation) (same type wire) permitted in trade
sizes of the applicable conduit or tubing.

 2) Table 1 applies only to complete conduit or

tubing systems and is not intended to apply
to sections of conduit or tubing used to
protect exposed wiring from damage.

57
 (3) Equipment grounding or bonding conductors, where
installed, shall be included when calculating conduit or
tubing fill. (The grounding conductors do count in wire
count) The actual dimensions of the equipment
grounding or bonding conductor shall be used in the
calculation.

 (4) Where conduit or tubing nipples having a maximum

length not to exceed 24 in. are installed between boxes,
cabinets, and similar enclosures, the nipples shall be
permitted to be filled to 60 percent of their total cross-
sectional area, and 310.15(B)(3)(a) adjustment factors
need not apply to this condition. (table 4- 60% fill)

58


59
 (7) When calculating the maximum number of
conductors or cables permitted in a conduit or
tubing, all of the same size (total cross-sectional
area including insulation), the next higher whole
number shall be used to determine the maximum
number of conductors permitted when the
calculation results in a decimal greater than or
equal to 0.8.

60
 (7)
◦ When calculating the size for conduit or
tubing permitted for a single conductor,
one conductor shall be permitted when
the caculation results in a decimal greater
than or equal to 0.8.

61
(8) Where bare conductors are permitted by other sections
of this Code, the dimensions for bare conductors in Table
8 (Conductor properties) shall be permitted.

(9) A multiconductor cable, optical fiber cable or flexible

cord of two or more conductors shall be treated as a single
conductor for calculating percentage conduit fill area. For
cables that have elliptical cross sections, the cross-
sectional area calculation shall be based on using the
major diameter of the ellipse as a circle diameter. Diameter
Assemblies of single insulated conductors without an over
all covering shall Not be considered a cable. Count as
individual conductors

62


63
 (10)The values for approximate conductor diameter and
area shown in Table 5 are based on worst-case scenario
and indicate round concentric-lay-stranded conductors.
 Solid and round concentric-lay-stranded conductor
values are grouped together for the purpose of Table 5.
 Round compact-stranded conductor values are shown in
Table 5A.
 If the actual values of the conductor diameter and area
are known, they shall be permitted to be used.

64
Tables 4, 5 Chapter 9
#8 THW = .0437 X 3 = .1311sq.in
#12 THHN = .0133 X 5 = .0665 sq.in
1/0THW = .2223 X 4 = .8892 sq.in
1.0868 sq.in
40% col. Table 4 – 1.342 sq.in
2” EMT

65
Tables 4, 5, 8 Chapter 9
250kcmil THW - .4596 X 4 = 1.8384 sq.in
3/0 THW - .3117 X 3 = .9351sq.in
#1 bare - .087 X 1 = .087 sq.in
2.8605 sq.in
40% Col. – 2.907sq.in
3”PVC sch. 80

66
Tables 4, 5 Chapter 9
#3 THW - .1134 X 3 = .3402 sq.in
#8 TW - .0437 X 4 = .1748 sq.in
#12 THHN - .0133 X 8 = .1064 sq.in
.6114 sq.in
40% Col. - .743 sq.in
1-1/2” flex

67
Tables 4, 5, 8 Chapter 9
#14 bare – .003 X 2 = .006 sq.in
#12 THHN – .0133 X 4 = .0532 sq.in
#10 THW – .0243 X 4 = .0972 sq.in
#8 TW - .0437 X 6 = .2622 sq.in
.4186 sq.in
40% Col. - .598 sq.in
1-1/4” EMT

68
 Box Fill for conductors #6
AWG and smaller

69
 Boxes and conduit bodies shall be of sufficient size to
provide free space for all enclosed conductors. In no case
shall the volume of the box, as calculated in 314.16(A),
be less than the fill calculation as calculated in 314.16(B)
 The minimum volume for conduit bodies is calculated by
314.16 (C)

 Boxes and conduit bodies enclosing conductors 4 AWG or

larger shall also comply with the provisions of 314.28.

70
 A) Box Volume Calculations. The volume of a wiring
enclosure (box) shall be the total volume of the
assembled sections and, where used, the space provided
by plaster rings, domed covers, extension rings, and so
forth, that are marked with their volume or are made
from boxes the dimensions of which are listed in Table
314.16(A).
 Where a box is installed with one or more installed
barriers, the volume shall be apportioned to each
resulting space by ½ cubic inch if a metal divider, and
1cubic inch for a nonmetallic divider.

71
 (1) Standard Boxes. The volumes of standard
boxes that are not marked with their volume
shall be as given in Table 314.16(A).

72
 (2) Other Boxes. Boxes 100 in.3 or less, other than those
described in Table 314.16(A), and nonmetallic boxes
shall be durably and legibly marked by the manufacturer
with their volume. Boxes described in Table 314.16(A)
that have a volume larger than is designated in the table
shall be permitted to have their volume marked as
required by this section.

73
 (B) Box Fill Calculations. The volumes in paragraphs
314.16(B)(1) through (B)(5), as applicable, shall be added
together. Each space within a box with an installed barrier is
calculated separately. No allowance shall be required for small
fittings such as locknuts and bushings.
 (1) Conductor Fill.
 Each conductor that originates outside the box and terminates
or is spliced within the box shall be counted once,
 Each conductor that passes through the box without splice or
termination shall be counted once.
 Each loop or coil of unbroken conductor not less than twice
the minimum length required for free conductors in 300.14
shall be counted twice.
 Conductor fill shall be calculated using Table 314.16(B).
 Conductor, no part of which leaves box, shall not be counted.

74
300.14 generally requires 6” of free
conductor from where it leaves the
314.16 (B) “Not less than twice
raceway.
the minimum length of free
conductor = 12 inches of
conductor

If less than 12” - count as one . If “twice” or

more count as 2.

75
 (2) Clamp Fill. Where one or more internal cable clamps, whether factory or
field supplied, are present in the box, a single volume allowance in
accordance with Table 314.16(B) shall be made based on the largest
conductor present in the box.
 No allowance shall be required for a cable connector with its clamping
mechanism outside the box.

 A clamp assembly that incorporates a cable termination for the cable

conductors shall be listed and marked for use with specific nonmetallic
boxes.

 Conductors that originate within the clamp assembly shall be included in

conductor fill calculations covered in 314.16(B)(1) as though they entered
from outside the box. The clamp assembly shall not require a fill allowance,
but the volume of the portion of the assembly that remains within the box
after installation shall be excluded from the box volume as marked in
314.16(A)(2).

76
 (3) Support Fittings Fill. Where one or more luminaire
studs or hickeys are present in the box, a single volume
allowance in accordance with Table 314.16(B) shall be
made for each type of fitting based on the largest
conductor present in the box.

77
• Common support fittings:
• fixture studs
• fixture hickeys.

Fixture Stud

Hickey

Nipple

7
8
(4) Device or equipment fill. For each yoke or strap
containing one or more devices or equipment, use a
double volume allowance for each yoke or strap. A device
or utilization equipment wider than 2” device box shall
have a double allowance.

79
 5) Equipment Grounding Conductor Fill. Where one or more
equipment grounding conductors or equipment bonding jumpers enter
a box, a single volume allowance in accordance with Table 314.16(B)
shall be made based on the largest equipment grounding conductor or
equipment bonding jumper present in the box.

 Where an additional set of equipment grounding conductors, as

permitted by 250.146(D), (isolated ground) is present in the box, an
additional volume allowance shall be made based on the largest
equipment grounding conductor in the additional set.

80
Table 314.16 (A) (B)
Metal box – 4 X 4 X 2-1/8

Non metallic box – 2cu.in X 12 =

24 Cubic inches

81
Section 314.16
4 - #14 – wires 4 X 2 cu.in = 8 cu.in
2 - #14 switch 2 X 2 cu.in = 4 cu.in
12 cu.in
27.3 – 12 = 15.3 cu.in = 6.8 conductors
2.25 6 -#12 conductors

82
Section 314.16
12 - #12 wires
1 - #12 Ground 18 X 2.25 = 40.5 cu.in
1 - #12 Clamps
4 - #12 receptacles
18 - #12 total

83
Section 314.16
14 - #12 wires 21 X 2.25 = 47.25
6 - #12 receptacles 1 X 2.00 = 2.00
1 - #12 clamps 1-
#14 Ground

49.25 cu.in

84
Section 314.16
2 - #12 wires 6 - #12
2 - #12 receptacle 4 - #14
1 - #12 clamps
1 - #12 ground 6 X 2.25 = 13.5 cu.in
2 - #14 conductor 4 X 2 = 8 cu.in
2 - #14 switch 21.5 cu.in

85
This is the end of Part 2

86
87
Voltage Drop
If needed

88


89


90
Table 8, Chapter 9 VD=2LIR
#8 AL = 1.28Ω/1000’ 1000

6.3 = 2• L• 20 •1.28 L = 6.3 X 1000

1000 2 • 20 • 1.28

L = 123 feet

91
Table 8, Chapter 9
VD=2LIR 1.3 = 2 • 213 • 27 • R
1000 1000

1.3 X 1000 = .1130Ω #2/0 (.0967Ω)

2 • 213 • 27

92


93
Table 8, Chapter 9 VD = 2LIR
1000
1.3 = 2 • 213 • 27 • R
1000

R = 1.3 X 1000 = .1130Ω Table 8 - .0967Ω

2 • 213 • 27
2/0

94
Finally the End

95