Practice Sheet Vijeta Series Class - 12Th

(PHYSICS)
Chapter: Electric Charges and Fields
Multiple Choice Answer Type Questions 7. When a conducting soap bubble is negatively
charged then;
1. If the sizes of charged bodies are very small
(1) its size starts varying arbitrarily.
compared to the distances between them, we treat
them as _______. (2) it expands.
(1) zero charges (2) point charges (3) it contracts.
(3) single charge (4) no charges (4) no change in its size takes place.

2. The force per unit charge is known as ________. 8. Consider three-point objects P, Q and R, R and Q
(1) electric current repel each other, while P and R attract. What is the
(2) electric potential nature of force between P and Q?
(3) electric field (1) Repulsive force (2) Attractive force
(4) electric space (3) No force (4) None of these

3. What is the dielectric constant of a metal? Assertion & Reason Answer Type Questions
(1) –1 (2) 0 9. Assertion (A): When bodies are charged through
(3) 1 (4) Infinite friction, there is a transfer of electric charge from
one body to another, but no creation or destruction
4. If electric flux through a closed surface is zero. It of charge.
means that; Reason (R): This follows from conservation of
(1) the net charge inside the surface is zero. electric charges.
(2) the electric field is necessarily zero at all points (1) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the
on the surface. correct, and Reason (R) is a correct
(3) no charge exists inside the surface. explanation of Assertion (A).
(4) no charge exists outside the surface.
(2) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the
correct, but Reason (R) is not a correct
5. A charge Q is divided into two parts of q and Q – q.
explanation of Assertion (A).
If the coulomb repulsion between them when they
(3) Assertion (A) is correct, Reason (R) is
are separated is to be maximum, the ratio of Q/q
incorrect.
should be;
(4) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are
1
(1) 2 (2) correct.
2
1 Very Short Answer Type Questions
(3) 4 (4)
4
10. Electric dipole moment of CuSO 4 molecule is
6. Two charges of equal magnitudes kept at a distance 3.2 × 10–28 Cm. Find the separation between copper
r exert a force F on each other. If the charges are and sulphate ions.
halved and distance between them is doubled, then
the new force acting on each charge is; 11. A charge q is placed at the centre of an imaginary
F F spherical surface. What will be the electric flux due
(1) (2) to this charge through any half of the sphere.
8 4
F
(3) 4F (4)
16

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12. A stream of electrons travelling with speed v m/s at (I) Which of the following properties is not
right angles to a uniform electric field E is deflected satisfied by an electric charge?
e v2 (1) Total charge conservation
in a circular path of radius r. Prove that = . (2) Quantization of charge
m rE
(3) Two types of charge
Short Answer Type Questions (4) Circular line of force
13. Draw the electric field vs distance (from the centre)
graph for: (II) Which one of the following charges is
(I) A long charged thin rod having linear charge possible?
density  > 0. (1) 5.8 × 10–18 C
(II) Spherical shell of radius R and charge Q > 0. (2) 3.2 × 10–18 C
(3) 4.5 × 10–19 C
14. Write the ratio of electric field intensity due to a (4) 8.6 × 10–19 C
dipole at a point on the equatorial line to the field at
a point on the axial line, when the points are at the (III) If a charge on a body is 1 nC, then how many
same distance from the centre of dipole. electrons are present on the body?
(1) 6.25 × 1027
Long Answer Type Questions (2) 1.6 × 1019
(3) 6.25 × 1028
15. A charge +Q is uniformly distributed within a (4) 6.25 × 109
sphere of radius R. Find the electric field, distance r
from the center of the sphere when; (IV) If a body gives out 109 electrons every second,
(I) r < R and how much time is required to get a total charge
(II) r > R. of 1 C from it?
(1) 190.19 years
Case Based Answer Type Questions (2) 150.12 years
(3) 198.19 years
16. Smallest charge that can exist in nature is the charge
(4) 188.21 years
of an electron. During friction it is only the transfer
of electrons which makes the body charged. Hence
net charge on anybody is an integral multiple of
charge of an electron.

[1.6 × 10–19 C] i.e. q =  ne

where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
Hence nobody can have a charge represented as etc.
Recently, it has been discovered that elementary
particles such as protons or neutrons are composed
of more elemental units called quarks.

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 Vijeta Series Class - 12Th

(PHYSICS)
Chapter: Electric Charges and Fields

Answer Key
1. (2) 6. (4)
2. (3) 7. (2)
3. (4) 8. (2)
4. (1) 9. (1)
5. (1) 16. (I)-(4), (II)-(2), (III)-(4), (IV)-(3)

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 Hints & Solutions
Multiple Choice Answer Type Questions 11. Given: Charge q is placed at the centre of an
1. (2) Point charges imaginary surface
Q
Formula used:  = net
2. (3) Electric field 0
Explanation:
3. (4) Infinite
Electric flux is calculated using the formula
The dielectric constant of metal is infinite, as the
net electric field inside the metal is zero. Q
 = net
0
4. (1) the net charge inside the surface is zero.
Q
So for sphere   = net
5. (1) 0
Let separation between two parts be r, then Qnet
F = k.q
(Q – q ) , 0
r2 For half of the sphere   =
dF Q 2 2
For F to be maximum = 0 then = = 2 : 1 We know that Qnet = q
dq q 1
q
So, for half of the sphere   =
6. (4) 2 0
k  Q2 q
F= . If Q is halved, r is doubled then F = =
r2 2 0
F
time.
16 12. The path of the electron that is travelling with
velocity v m /s at right angle of E is of circular
7. (2) shape.
mv2
8. (2) It requires a centripetal in nature. F =
r
Assertion & Reason Answer Type Questions It is provided by an electrostatic force F = eE
mv2
9. (1)  eE =
Conservation of electric charge states that the total r
charge of an isolated system remains unchanged e v2
with time.  =
m rE

Very Short Answer Type Questions Short Answer Type Question

–28
10. Given p = 3.2×10 cm (Electric dipole moment of 13. Consider an infinitely long straight rod having
CuSO4) uniform linear charge density .
Formula used
Dipole moment = Charge × distance of separation
p=q×d
We know that q = 1.6×10–19 C
In CuSO4 → Cu2+ and (SO4)–2–
So total charge will be = 2×1.6×10–19 C
q = 3.2×10–19 C
p = q’ × d
3.2×10–28 = 3.2×10–19 × d
3.2 10−28
d=
3.2 10−19
d = 10–9 m Let P be the point
Separation between copper and sulphate ions will Located at perpendicular r from the rod.
be 10–9 m

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To find electric field at P: Case-1: for r < R
Let us choose a cylindrical gaussian surface of By using gauss law
radius r and length L. q
The total electric flux in the closed surface is E = E  4r 2 = enclose = 0
0
E =  E  dA  E=0
E =  E  dA +  E  dA +  E  dA Case-2: When r = R
Curved Bottom Top q
surface surface surface E = enclose
0
For the top and bottom surface angle between E
Q
and dA = 90º E  4R 2 =
So, E  dA = 0 0
Q Q 1 Q
E =  EdA = enclose  E= = 
So,
Curved
0 4R 0 40 R2
2
surface Case-3: When r > R
L q
 E  2rL = E = enclose
0 0
  Q
 E= =  E  4r 2 =
2r0 20r 0
1 1 Q
 E  (hyperbola)  E= 
r 40 r 2
Graph

(II) Spherical Shell

14.

Consider a thin spherical shell of radius R with

positive charge Q distributed uniformly on the
surface.
Electric Dipole → Two equal and opposite point
We have three cases
charge separated by very small distance is called
1. Electric field inside the shell (r < R)
electric dipole. As shown in figure, 2a is distance
2. The electric field at the surface of the shell
between charges and O is mid-point of AB.
(r = R)
Axial Line → It is a line joining of two charges of
3. The electric field outside the shell
dipole and extend on either side.
Axial Point → Point lies on axial line is called
axial point Here, P is axial point.

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 Equatorial Line → It the perpendicular line drawn 4 3 Q 4
πR volume having charge =  πR 3
from the center of dipole. 3 4
πR 3 3
Equatorial Point → Point lies on equatorial line is 3
called equatorial point. Qr3
∴ Q in = ______(ii)
Here point ‘Q’ is equatorial point. R3
Electric field intensity on axial point From (ii) and (iii)
2kp Qr 3
Ep = where p is electric dipole moment
r3 3
E × 4πr2 = R
whose magnitude is equal to 2aq and direction 0
from –q to +q Qr
E= at (0 < r < R)
Ep =
2kp 4 0 R3
r3 Case (II): point P at r distance from center where
Electric field intensity on equatorial point (r  R)
−kp
EQ =
r3

kp Ep
 EQ = 3 =
r 2
Hence Eaxial = 2Eequatorial
Eequatorial Again using gauss’s theorem.
 =2 E × 4πr2 =
Q
Eaxial 0
Q
Long Answer Type Question E= at (r  R)
4 0 r 2
15. Suppose a sphere of radius R is uniformly
distributed by charge +Q. the volume charge Case Based Answer Type Questions
density of sphere is given by
16. (I) (4)
charge
e=
Volume
(II) (2)
Q Q 3.2×10−18
e= = …(i) 𝑞
From, 𝑞 = 𝑛𝑒, 𝑛 = 𝑒 = 1.6×10−19 = 20
4 3 4 R3
R
3 As n is an integer, hence this value of charge
Case (I): To find electric field of π distance r from is possible.
center. Where 0 < r < R. This means the point lier
inside the sphere. (III) (4)
Charge on the body is q = ne
∴ No. of electrons present on the body is
𝑞 1×10−9 𝐶
𝑛 = 𝑒 = 1.6×10−19 𝐶 = 6.25 × 109

(IV) (3)
Here, 𝑛 = 109 electrons per second, Charge
Using gauss’s theorem given per second,
Q
E × Area = in …(ii) 𝑞 = 𝑛𝑒 = 109 × 1.6 × 10−19 𝐶
0 𝑞 = 1.6 × 10−10 𝐶
Qin = charge inside this surface Total charge, Q = 1C (given)
𝑄 1
4 ∴ Time required = = 1.6×10−10 s
 WKT. πR 3 volume having charge = Q 𝑞
3 = 6.25 × 109 s
Q 6.25×109
Unit Volume having charge = ∴ 3600×24×365 year = 198.19 years.
4 3
πR
3
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