Synchronous Machine

Prof. Dr. Md. Mortuza Ali

Cell Phone: 01717137863
Email: mmali.classroom@gmail.com
Dept. of EEE
RUET
1
Lecture 4

2
Frequency of induced voltage

3
A full cycle of an induced emf will be generated in a conductor
when it moves through the whole space of an adjacent pairs of
magnetic poles.
4
 Frequency of induced voltage (emf)

No of cycles/revolution=No of pairs of poles=P/2

No of revolutions/second=nm/60
No of cycles/second=(cycles/revolution)(revolutions/second)
=(P/2)(nm/60)=nmP/120.

As because the frequency is defined as the cycles/second, therefore

nm P
f  Cycles/sec (Hz)
120
Synchronous frequency 5
Flux distribution inside the machine

𝑖 = 𝐼𝑚 cos⁡(𝜔𝑡 ± 𝜃)

6
 15

10

i
5

t 0 0
i
-5

-10

-15

7
Induced voltage in a single-turn coil Generator

8
 Art. 3.4, 2-pole machine

9
N

10
Derivation of induced voltage in a single coil

eind/coil= edc+eba= 2vlBM cos(mt) -

= 2rmlBM cos(mt)
+ a

+
a
-

11
Derivation of BM in terms of flux/Pole ()

B at t=0

12
Derivation of Bm in terms of flux/Pole ()

13
Derivation of Bm in terms of flux/Pole ()

dA=rld
d=BdA

14
 Derivation of Bm in terms of flux/Pole ()

 /2  /2
 /2
  d 
 / 2
 rlBM cos(  )d  rlBM sin(  )  / 2  2rlBM
 / 2

15
Derivation of induced voltage per coil

16
 Generated voltage in a coil (Alternate method)
Average magnetic flux/pole (in weber)= 
Pnm
Total no. of poles= P
f 
Rotor speed (in rpm)= nm 120
Faraday’s law e=(d/dt)

Flux cut by a conductor in one revolution (in weber)= P

Time taken by the conductor to cut P weber of flux= 60/nm
Average induced voltage in a conductor= d/dt= Pnm/60=2f
Rms voltage across a conductor E= 2.22f volts/conductor
Rms voltage/coil:
Ec=2E=4.44f volts/coil
If there are Nc number of turns/coil, the induced voltage in a coil (in rms value):
EA=4.44Ncf volts
17