Mathematics Institute

African University of Science and Technology

Functional Analysis Final Exam, May 5, 2022

Q1. Let X = Rn and (Y, k.kY ) be any normed space with T : X → Y a linear map.
Define
kxk00 = kxkRn + kT xkY ∀x ∈ X = Rn .
Show that:
(a) kxk00 is a norm in Rn .
(b) T : (Rn , k.k00 ) → (Y, k.kY ) is bounded.

Q2. Let T : (l2 , k.k2 ) → (l2 , k.k2 ) be defined by

x2 x3 xm
T (x1 , x2 , x3 , ..., xm , ...) = (0, x1 , , , ..., , ...),
2 3 m
P  12
∞
where kxk2 = m=1 |xm |2 and
kT xk2
kT k = sup , x = (x1 , x2 , x3 , ..., xm , ...).
x6=0 kxk2
Show that T is a bounded linear transformation and that kT k ≤ 1.

Q3. Let D = {x ∈ Rm f (x) = g(x); f, g : Rm → R continuous}.

(a) Show that D is closed in Rm .
(b) Show that S = {x ∈ Rm : kxk1 = 1} is a closed set in R; where
kxk1 = |x1 | + |x2 | + ...|xm |.

Q4. Define ψ : L2 [0, 2π] → R by

Z 2π
ψ(f ) = f (t)dt for all f ∈ L2 [0, 2π].
0
Show that ψ is a bounded linear functional.

Q5. Let x0 ∈ [0, 1] and define T : C[0, 1] → R by T f (x) = f (x0 ). Endow C[0, 1]
with the sup norm, i.e.,
kf k∞ = sup |f (x)|.
0≤x≤1
Show that T is a bounded linear functional.
Bonus Questions
Q6. Let (Pm [0, 1], k·k∞ ) be the normed space of the polynomials of degree m. Show
that (Pm [0, 1], k · k∞ ) is not a closed subspace of (C[0, 1], k · k∞ ), the normed space
of continuous functions.
Q7. Have you called your friend in Abuja-Nigeria from Colorado Springs, the cur-
rent AT & T full rate is $ 1.71 for the first minute and $ 1.08 for additional minute.
Analyse this geometrically and express as a function of time t,