 RESEARCH DESIGN

 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

(1)Ex Post Facto-

This research approach used in this study is quantitative research. Quantitative research is an
inquiry into a social problem, explain phenomena by gathering numerical data that are analyzed using
mathematically based methods e.g., in particular statistics (Aliaga& Gunderson, 2002).
The research design that the researcher prosed is Ex Post Facto where in this type of research design
aims to measure a cause from a pre-existing effect. The researcher has no control over the variables in
this study. In this study the variables are E-books and Vocabulary, where in E-books is the independent
one, and Vocabulary is the dependent one.

(2)Non-probability sampling, convenience sampling-

-The researcher used non-probability sampling or non-scientific sampling, where in this kind of
sampling it has no system and the members of the entire population has no equal chance of being
selected as samples. The type of Non-probability sampling that the research used is convenience
sampling. Convenience sampling is the easiest method to gather or to select the respondents, because it
is based on the availability and willingness to take part of the respondent, where in the location where
the researcher will select the respondent is from National College of Science and Technology Senior High
School Academic Year 2023 to 2024.

-Convenience sampling techniques was used to give the population of the grade 12 students
based on their willingness and availability to take part in the study. Convenience sampling is also called
accidental or incidental sampling where in this is the easiest method to select the respondents. This is
one of the kind of Non-probability sampling also called non-scientific sampling where in there is no
equal chance of being selected as samples.

(3).
BEFORE

- The researcher prepared questionnaires for their respondent, they used different types of
questions such as Yes or No type, Recognition type, Coding type, Completion type, and et….
- The researcher made a letter for the Vice principal in National college of Science and
Technology- SHS for allow them to gather data from the grade 12 HUMSS students inside and
outside the school premises.
- The researcher know first the total number of population of the grade 12 HUMSS students in
National College of Science and Technology-SHS, total number of population is____
- .
- The researcher conducted a pre-research for their respondent, researcher give 10 questions per
respondent. In this pre-research the researcher only included 10 respondent with same
characteristics and at the same time grade 12 HUMSS student.