10 Socialscience sp02

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Class 10 - Social Science

Sample Paper - 02 (2022-23)
Maximum Marks: 80
Time Allowed: : 3 hours
General Instructions:
i. Question paper comprises Six Sections – A, B, C, D, E and F. There are 37 questions in the question paper. All questions are
compulsory.
ii. Section A – From question 1 to 20 are MCQs of 1 mark each.
iii. Section B – Question no. 21 to 24 are Very Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question
should not exceed 40 words.
iv. Section C contains Q.25to Q.29 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should
not exceed 60 words
v. Section D – Question no. 30 to 33 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should
not exceed 120 words.
vi. Section-E - Questions no from 34 to 36 are case based questions with three sub questions and are of 4 marks each
vii. Section F – Question no. 37 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 37a from History (2 marks) and 37b from
Geography (3 marks).
viii. There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one
of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
ix. In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.
Section A
1. In which of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
a) Plains of uttar Pradesh
b) Uttarakhand
c) Punjab
d) Haryana
2. Rooftop rainwater harvesting was commonly practised to store drinking water, particularly in the state of:
a) Kerala
b) Karnataka
c) Haryana
d) Rajasthan
3. Study the picture and answer the question that follows:
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Who is shown in the above picture?
a) Louis XVIII
b) Guiseepee Mazzini
c) Napoleon
d) Louis Philippe
4. Arrange the following in correct sequence:
i. All activities that convert the raw material into finished products.
ii. End/ Final/Finished product.
iii. The final goods are transported to the market for commercial exchange and the income earned from it.
iv. Raw materials, labour, costs of land, transport, power and other infrastructure.
a) iv, i, ii, iii
b) i, iv, iii, ii
c) iv, iii, ii, i
d) vi, i, iii, ii
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5. Identify the constitutional provisions that make India a secular state:
a) There is a state or official religion
b) To intervene in religious affairs
c) To propagate any one religion by the state
d) Freedom to practice, profess and propagate the religion of one’s choice
6. A debt trap means:
a) Ability to pay the credit amount
b) Overspending till no money is left
c) None of these
d) Inability to repay the credit amount
7. Match the following:
Column A Column B
(a) The nodal industry for synthetic textile and fertilizer. (i) Hydroelectricity
(b) Energy resource which is considered an environment-friendly fuel. (ii) Nuclear energy
(c) Energy resource that is generated by fast-flowing water. (iii) Petroleum refineries
(d) Energy that is obtained by altering the structure of atoms. (iv) Natural gas
a) (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
b) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)
d) (a) - (iii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (ii)
8. Find the incorrect option:
a) Banks charge a lower rate of interest on loans than what they offer on deposits.
b) The difference between what is charged from borrowers and what is paid to the depositors is the main source of
income for the banks.
c) Banks use a major portion of deposits to extend loans.
d) Banks keep only a small proportion of their deposits as cash with themselves.
9. Which city came to be known as a finishing centre?
a) Manchester

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b) Liverpool
c) Edinburgh
d) London
10. Women do all work inside the home such as cooking, cleaning, washing clothes, tailoring, looking after children, etc. it
is referred to as:
a) sharing of responsibilities
b) up-gradation of the women
c) the attitude of the family
d) the sexual division of labour
11. Match the following:
(i) Plays a significant role in the improvement of the condition of the poor women in
(a) Commercial banks
Bangladesh.
(b) Informal Sources of
(ii) Accepting deposits from the individual
Credit
(c) Krishak cooperative (iii) Charge very high interest rates

(d) Grameen bank (iv) Provides loan for the purchase of agricultural implements etc.
a) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
b) (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (ii)
c) (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
d) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (iii), (d) - (i)
12. Assertion (A): The tyranny of the majority community is oppressive for the minority.
Reason (R): It helps in making the political order more stable.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
13. Why is it necessary for banks and cooperatives to increase their lending particularly in rural areas?
a) To increase their profits
b) Rural areas are a good option for lending
c) To reduce the dependence on informal sources of credit
d) Rural areas require more loans
14. Read the given data and find out the country where one’s average expected length of life is the highest at the time of
birth.
Life
Gross National Income (GNI) Mean Years of Schooling of HDI Rank in the
Country Expectancy
per capita (2011 PPP $) People aged 25 and above world (2018)
at birth
Sri Lanka 12,707 77 10.6 73
India 6,681 69.7 6.5 130
Myanmar 4,961 67.1 5.0 148

Pakistan 5,005 67.3 5.2 154
Nepal 3,457 70.8 5.0 143
Bangladesh 4,976 72.6 6.2 134

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Source: Human Development Report, 2020, United Nations Development Programme, New York.
a) Sri Lanka
b) Nepal
c) Myanmar
d) Bangladesh
15. Read the given data and identify which Indian state has the highest share in the production of Bauxite.
Production of Bauxite in 2016–17 Percentage
Jharkhand 9
Chhattisgarh 8
Gujarat 24
Karnataka 10
Odisha 49
Maharashtra 8
a) Maharashtra
b) Odisha
c) Gujarat
d) Jharkhand
16. Find the odd one out from the following options:
i. Opening a cold storage
ii. Setting food processing unit
iii. Starting honey collection centres
iv. Opening college and university
a) Option (iv)
b) Option (ii)
c) Option (iii)
d) Option (i)
17. Read the information given below and select the correct option
If in a family all 10 members are working in a shop or small family business when 5 are enough to work efficiently then
those extra 5 members are actually unemployed. Which situation is being referred to?
a) Disguised Unemployment
b) Seasonal Unemployment
c) Structural Unemployment
d) Educated Unemployment
18. Read the information given below and select the correct option
Gopal is supervising the work of one farm labourer. Gopal has seven acres of land. He is one of the few persons in
Sonpur to receive a bank loan for cultivation. The interest rate on the loan is 8.5 percent per annum and can be repaid
anytime in the next three years. Gopal plans to repay the loan after harvest by selling a part of the crop. He then intends
to store the rest of the potatoes in cold storage and apply for a fresh loan from the bank against the cold storage receipt.
The bank offers this facility to farmers who have taken crop loans from them. What kind of facility is provided by a bank
to Gopal?
a) Cultivation Arrangements
b) Credit Arrangements
c) Collateral Arrangements
d) Cold Storage Arrangements

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19. Which of the following is not the obstructions and challenges faced by political parties?
a) Lack of internal Democracy
b) Meaningful Choices
c) Money and Muscle Power
d) Full of Transparency
20. Which of the following statement is correct regarding the declaration by Mahatma Gandhi in his book- Hind Swaraj?
1. British ruled India because the latter was militarily weak.
2. British ruled India because Indians cooperated with them.
3. British ruled India because they got international support.
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3
c) 2 only
d) 1 and 3
Section B
21. Briefly summarise the two lessons learnt by economists and politicians from the inter-war economic experience.
22. How can religion influence politics? Explain.
23. Explain any three ways in which MNCs control production in other countries.
OR
Explain any two factors which enable globalisation in India?

24. Apart from income, which other six things people look for growth and development?
Section C
25. Explain any three factors which are responsible of globalisation in India.
OR
"Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has played a major role in spreading out products and services
across countries". Support this statement.
26. Why conservation projects are now focussing on biodiversity?
27. Compare the different ways in which the Belgians and the Sri Lankans have dealt with the problem of cultural diversity.
28. Political parties play a major role in democracy. Explain any five points to justify this statement.
29. "Local governments have made a significant impact on Indian democracy. At the same time there are many difficulties".
Explain.
Section D
30. State characteristics of plantation farming. Name plantation crops. Name states where plantation farming is practiced.
OR
Suggest any five measures to enhance agricultural production in India.

31. What does the term 'Liberalism' mean? What did it mean to different classes and people?
OR
Write a note on Guiseppe Mazzini.

32. How can we create more employment in secondary and tertiary sectors in rural India?
OR

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Sumit is a marginal farmer who works in the farmland of the rich farmer in his village while Rahul is a lawyer. Describe
the sector and the conditions in which the conditions.
33. Do you agree with the outcome of democracy that it proves to be a better form of government regarding economic
growth of a country? Explain.
OR
How does democracy accommodate social diversities?

Section E
34. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
On 13th April the infamous Jallianwalla Bagh incident took place. On that day a large crowd gathered in the enclosed
ground of Jallianwalla Bagh. Some came to protest against the government’s new repressive measures. Others had come
to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing
hundreds. As the news of Jallianwalla Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many north Indian towns. There were
strikes, clashes with the police and attacks on government buildings. Seeing violence spread, Mahatma Gandhi called off
the movement. While the Rowlatt satyagraha had been a widespread movement, it was still limited mostly to cities and
towns. Mahatma Gandhi now felt the need to launch a more broad-based movement in India.
i. How did Mahatma Gandhi react to the Rowlatt Act?
ii. What made Mahatma Gandhi call off Rowlatt Satyagraha?
iii. Why did Rowlatt Act enrage people?
The lives and feelings of women began to be written in particularly vivid and intense ways. Women’s reading, therefore,
increased enormously in middle-class homes. Liberal husbands and fathers began educating their womenfolk at
home and sent them to schools when women’s schools were set up in the cities and towns after the mid-nineteenth
century. Many journals began carrying writings by women and explained why women should be educated. They also
carried a syllabus and attached suitable reading matter which could be used for home-based schooling.
But not all families were liberal. Conservative Hindus believed that a literate girl would be widowed and Muslims feared
that educated women would be corrupted by reading Urdu romances. Sometimes, rebel women defied such prohibition.
We know the story of a girl in a conservative Muslim family of north India who secretly learnt to read and write in Urdu.
Her family wanted her to read only the Arabic Quran which she did not understand. So she insisted on learning to read a
language that was her own. In East Bengal, in the early nineteenth century, Rashsundari Debi, a young married girl in a
very orthodox household, learnt to read in the secrecy of her kitchen. Later, she wrote her autobiography Amar Jiban
which was published in 1876. It was the first full-length autobiography published in the Bengali language.
i. Give the contribution of journals in bringing awareness for women’s education?
ii. What was the impact of printed books on women in India in the 19th century?
iii. What were the negative conceptions regarding the education imparted to women?
Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. Foreign tourist’s arrivals in the country witnessed
an increase of 11.8 percent during the year 2010 as against the year 2009, contributing ₹ 64,889 crore of foreign
exchange in 2010. 5.78 million foreign tourists visited India in 2010. More than 15 million people are directly engaged
in the tourism industry.
Tourism also promotes national integration, provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. It also helps in the
development of an international understanding of our culture and heritage. Foreign tourists visit India for heritage
tourism, eco-tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism.

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There is a vast potential for the development of tourism in all parts of the country. Efforts are being made to promote
different types of tourism for this upcoming industry.
i. What is the contribution of Tourism in the Balance of Payments?
ii. Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. With respect to this enlist reasons for
which foreign tourists visit India.
iii. How the industries of service sector are benefitted by tourism?
Section F
37. (a) Two places A and B have been marked on the given outline map of India. Identify them and write their correct names
on the lines drawn near them.
A. The place where Indian National Congress session was held in December, 1920 - Nagpur
B. The place associated with Cotton Mill Workers Satyagraha - Ahmedabad
(b) On the same outline map of India locate and label any four of the following with suitable Symbols. (any three)
i. Tuticorin - Major Sea Port
ii. Bengaluru - Software Technology Park
iii. Mayurbhanj – Iron Ore Mines
iv. Namrup - Thermal Power Plant
v. Indira Gandhi International Airport

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Class 10 - Social Science

Sample Paper - 02 (2022-23)
Solution
Section A
1. (b) Uttarakhand
Explanation: Terrace farming is practised mainly in hilly areas. In India, it is practised in hilly areas mainly like
Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and some northeast states. It is also practised in South area, like Andhra Pradesh.
2. (d) Rajasthan
Explanation: 'Rooftop rainwater harvesting’ was commonly practised to store drinking water, particularly in Rajasthan
as it lies in the desert region rainwater is the only abundant source here. In the flood plains of Bengal, people developed
inundation channels to irrigate their fields.
3. (c) Napoleon
Explanation: Napoleon here is represented as a postman on his way back to France after he lost the battle of Leipzig in
1813. Each letter dropping out of his bag bears the names of the territories he lost.
4. (a) iv, i, ii, iii
Explanation: iv. Input: Raw materials, labour, costs of land, transport, power and other infrastructure.
i. Process: All activities that convert the raw material into finished products.
ii. Output: End/ Final/Finished product
iii. Transportation: The final goods are transported to market for commercial exchange and the income earned from it.
5. (d) Freedom to practice, profess and propagate the religion of one’s choice
Explanation: The two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state are:
i. Freedom to practice, profess and propagate the religion of one’s choice.
ii. There is no state or official religion.
6. (d) Inability to repay the credit amount
Explanation: A 'Debt-Trap’ is a situation where a person is unable to repay his loans and falls into a trap from which
recovery is difficult. The agricultural sector is more prone to Debt-Traps as it is subject to more risks like crop failure,
exploitation by the money lenders.
7. (c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)
Explanation: (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)
8. (a) Banks charge a lower rate of interest on loans than what they offer on deposits.
Explanation: Banks charge a higher rate of interest on loans than what they offer on deposits.
9. (d) London
Explanation: The finishing was done in London before the export merchant sold the cloth in the international market.
London in fact came to be known as a finishing centre.
10. (d) the sexual division of labour
Explanation: This is reflected in a SEXUAL DIVISION OF LABOUR in most families: women do all work inside the
home such as cooking, cleaning, washing clothes, tailoring, looking after children, etc. and men do all the work outside
the home.
11. (a) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation: (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)

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12. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: The tyranny of the majority community is oppressive for the minority community and can also ruin the
majority. It is a source of dissatisfaction and tension which is a source of political instability and undermines the unity of
the nation.
13. (c) To reduce the dependence on informal sources of credit
Explanation: Most loans from informal lenders carry a very high interest rate and often cheat the borrowers and a little
to increase their income. This also leads to the situation of the debt trap. In order to help the people of rural areas it
necessary for banks and cooperatives to increase their lending particularly in rural areas.
14. (a) Sri Lanka
Explanation: Sri Lanka
15. (b) Odisha
Explanation: Odisha
16. (a) Option (iv)
Explanation: All are the ways to promote and locate industries and services for creating employment in rural and semi-
rural areas.
17. (a) Disguised Unemployment
Explanation: Disguised unemployment or hidden unemployment is a kind of unemployment where some people seem
to be employed but are actually not.
18. (b) Credit Arrangements
Explanation: The facility is provided by the bank to Gopal is Credit Arrangements
19. (d) Full of Transparency
Explanation: There is no full transparency in the political party. In fact, there is an Absence of Transparency. Since most
of the parties do not practice transparent procedures for their function, it becomes very difficult for ordinary members to
rise to the top of the party.
20. (c) 2 only
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi in his book, Hindi Swaraj declared that British rule was established in India with the
cooperation of Indians and had survived only because of this cooperation. If Indians refused to cooperate, British rule in
India would collapse within a year, and swaraj would come.
Section B
21. In the post-war system the Economists and politicians learnt two key lessons from the inter-war economic
experiences:
i. An industrial society based on mass production needs mass consumption. For mass consumption, steady income was
necessary and for stable income, full employment was necessary. For this, the government has to take a step to
minimise the fluctuation of price, production and employment. Hence, economic stability could be ensured
by government intervention.
ii. The target of full employment could be achieved only if the governments have the power to control the flow of
capital, labour and goods. The government should take appropriate steps to achieve the goal.
22. Religion can influence politics as:
i. Gandhiji believed that politics must be guided by ethics drawn from all religions.
ii. Ideas, ideals and values drawn from different religions can and perhaps should play a role in politics.
iii. People should be able to express in politics, their needs, interests and demands as a member of a religious
community.
iv. Those who hold political power should sometimes be able to regulate the practice of religion so as to prevent
discrimination and oppression.
v. These political acts are not wrong as long as they treat every religion equal.

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23. Multinational Corporations (MNCs) set up their factories close to markets where they can get the desired type of skilled
or unskilled labour at low costs and where they can get other factors of production also. Apart from this they also
consider government policies that looks into their interests. After due considerations, the MNCs set up production units
in the following ways:
i. Jointly with some local companies of the existing country.
ii. In most of the cases, MNC's prefer to buy the local companies and then expand its production with the help of
modern technology.
iii. They place orders for small producers and sell these products under their own brand name to the customers
worldwide.
OR
i. Liberalization and removal of trade barriers by the Indian Government facilitate globalization. This enables
MNCs to come and invest in India. With the liberalization of trade, businesses are allowed to take decisions freely.
ii. Advancement in Information and Technology played a major role in spreading out production of services across
the countries. Telecommunication facilities are used to contact one another around the world to access information
instantly and to communicate from remote areas. Computers have now entered almost every field. So as the internet
is available at reasonable rates.
24. Income is necessary for the sustenance of life, however, only income is not the only criterion when we aspire for growth
and development. Other things may include the following:
i. People also seek things like equal treatment, freedom, security and respect of others.
ii. Health and fitness, as it paves a way to grow by keeping one in a healthy frame of mind.
iii. Education is another factor which makes one rise in life.
iv. Fame leads to recognition of a person and it in itself boosts one to maintain it.
v. They resent discrimination.
vi. Women need a safe and secure environment to take up a variety of jobs or run a business.
All of these are important goals. In fact, in some cases, these may be more important than more income or more
consumption because material goods are not "all that you need to live. Money can buy only material things and it is only
one of the factor on which our life depends.
Section C
25. The factors responsible for globalisation in India can be illustrated as follows:
a. Advancement in Information and Technology played a major role in spreading out production of services across
the countries. Telecommunication facilities are used to contact one another around the world to access information
instantly and to communicate from remote areas. Computers have now entered almost every field leading to the
availability of internet at reasonable rates.
b. Liberalization and removal of trade barriers by the Indian Government facilitate globalization. This enables
MNCs to come and invest in India.
c. Advancement in Transportation facilities made the faster delivery of goods across long distances possible at cheap
costs.
OR
The developments in information and communication technology have been changing rapidly. Rapid
improvement in technology has been one major factor that has stimulated the globalisation process.
Telecommunication facilities (telegraph, telephone including mobile phones, fax) are used to contact one another
around the world, to access information instantly and to communicate from remote areas. This has been facilitated

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by satellite communication devices. It has enabled to contact one another around the world, to access information
instantly, and to communicate from remote areas.
Computers have ventured into the amazing world of the Internet, where one can obtain and share information on
almost anything. Internet has allowed to send instant electronic mail and talk across the world at negligible costs.
It also allows us to send instant electronic mail (e-mail) and talk (voice-mail) across the world.
Thus, it can be concluded that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has played a major role in spreading
out products and services across the countries.
26. i. This entire habitat that we live in has immense biodiversity.
ii. The conservation projects are now focussing on biodiversity rather than on a few of its components.
iii. There is now a more intensive search for different conservation measures. Increasingly, even insects are beginning to
find a place in conservation planning.
iv. In the notification under Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986, several hundred butterflies, moths, beetles and one dragonfly
have been added to the list of protected species.
v. In 1991, for the first time plants were also added to the list starting with six species.
27. The Belgian leaders recognised the existence of regional and cultural diversities:
i. They amended their Constitution four times so as to work out an innovative arrangement that would enable everyone
to live together in peace and harmony, i.e., there was sharing of power between the Dutch and the French both in the
Central Government, State Government and Community Government. They followed a policy of accommodation.
ii. This helped to avoid civil strife and division of the country on linguistic lines.
iii. On the other hand, the Sinhalese who were in majority in Sri Lanka as compared to the Tamils followed a policy of
majoritarianism and adopted a series of measures to establish Sinhala supremacy by passing an Act of 1956.
These measures alienated the Tamils leading to civil strife between the two communities.
iv. Belgium leaders established a federal structure under which power was shared between the union government and its
other constituent units whereas Sri Lankan leaders adopted Unitary Government structure.
v. The Belgium solution helped in avoiding civic strife whereas the Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka led to the civil war.
28. The political parties play an important role in democracy as:
i. Parties contest elections: In most democracies, elections are fought mainly among the candidates put up by political
parties.
ii. Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them.
iii. Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country, Parties shape public opinions. They raise and highlight
issues.
iv. The opposition party's main function is to criticize the errors in the rules of the ruling party.
v. Role of opposition. Opposition role is important in a democracy as it voices different views and criticizes
the government for its failures or wrong policies.
29. The new system of local self-government is the largest experiment in Indian democracy. The significant achievements of
this government are
i. The constitutional status for local government has helped to deepen democracy in our country.
ii. They have made local administration much easier and more effective.
iii. It has increased women’s representation and voice in our democracy.
iv. The local government structure goes right upto the district level.
At the same time the local self-government has many difficulties. These are
i. While elections are held regularly, Gram Sabhas are not held regularly to review the performance of the Gram
Panchayat.
ii. Most State Governments have not transferred significant powers and adequate resources to the local governments.
iii. We are thus still a long way from realising the ideal of self government.

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Section D
30. In this type of farming, a single crop is grown on a large area. The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry.
Characteristics of plantation farming are:
i. Capital intensive inputs such as modern machiners are used with the help of migrant labourers.
ii. The production is mainly for the market and all the produce is used as a raw material in respective industries.
iii. It requires a well-developed network of transport and communication to connect the plantation areas, processing
industries and markets together.
In India, tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana, etc. are important plantation crops.
Plantation farming is practiced in Assam, West Bengal and Karnataka where crops like tea and coffee are grown.
OR
i. Land reforms: Consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of Zamindari system.

ii. Agricultural reforms: Green revolution and the White revolution.
iii. Land development programmes: Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, etc, the
establishment of Grameen Banks, Cooperative Societies and banks for providing loans.
a. Government announces Minimum Support Price (MSP) and remunerative and procurement prices to check
exploitation and also provides HYV seeds and fertilizers.
b. Issuing of Kissan Credit Card and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme etc.
c. Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers on radio and TV.
d. Government provides technical assistance and training for farmers.
e. Soil testing facilities, cold storage and transportation facilities are provided by the government for farmers.
31. Liberalism: Liberalism is a political philosophy or world view founded on ideas of liberty and equality livers expose a
wide array of use depending on the understanding of this principles but jointly they support ideas and programs
Middle Class: For the new middle classes liberalism stood for equality of all before law and freedom of individual.
Politically: There was to be an end to clerical privileges and autocracy. The right to vote was meant for property-owning
men only. The lower classes were not included in the concept. In general, it stood for freedom of the markets from state-
imposed restrictions on the movement of goods and inviolability of private property.
Since the French Revolution, liberalism had stood for the end of clerical privileges and autocracy as well as a
constitution and representative government through parliament.
OR
Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary, born in Genoa on June 22, 1807, in a middle class family. He was a
patriot, political activist, writer, founder of young Italy and played a very important role in liberal nationalism. He was
an Italian journalist and politician who lived back in the 19th century. He was sent into exile at the age of 24 in 1831 for
attempting a revolution in Liguria. He founded underground societies named ‘Young Italy’ in Marseilles and ‘Young
Europe’ in Berne, whose members were like-minded young men from Poland, France, Italy and the German States. He
was one among many who supported free democratic Italy rather than its monarch. Chancellor Duke Metternich once
described him as ‘the most dangerous enemy of our social order’.
32. Following are the ways through which we can create employment in secondary and tertiary sectors in rural areas:
i. Jobs in the secondary and tertiary sectors required more skilled human capital than jobs in the agricultural sector.
Therefore, to create jobs in these sectors, it is necessary to improve the educational and health standards of the labour
force. Only in that case will they be able to do the more skill-intensive jobs in these sectors.
ii. We can create more jobs in the secondary sector by promoting industries such as dal mills.
iii. By promoting cottage and handicraft industries to employ the villagers. By establishing the processing of vegetables
and fruits units.
iv. The government can invest in cold storage.

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v. Services like transportation and communication must be promoted to generate employment.
vi. Building Multi-purpose Projects can create employment.
vii. Proper supply of energy for the small scale industries.
viii. People who are not working in fields could work them and get paid according to their skills.
ix. If small scale industries get success, it would lead to the demand for transport so the tertiary sector would also
improve.
OR
Sumit is working in the primary sector while Rahul is working in the tertiary sector.
Sumit is a landless agricultural labour. He is in the primary sector which is largely unorganised in India. There are no
rules and regulations and the rich farmer may not be giving proper wages to Sumit. Also, there is no provision of
overtime payment, paid holidays or paid leave. He can be asked to quit his job at any time without any reason. His
will get daily wages for their work, which is comparatively less than the pay prescribed by the government. Also, there
are no provisions for overtime.
Rahul working as a lawyer is in a better position than Sumit. He is a professional and works in the organised sector. He
can also be self-employed. He will get paid leaves, holidays, provident fund and gratuity etc. He will get additional
remuneration for overtime. In both cases, he will earn better than Sumit. He can work both in the private and public
sector. He has more and better choices for earning. He is engaged in the tertiary sector which is the highest contributing
section in India’s Gross Domestic Product.
33. i. It is true that during last 50 years, dictatorships have shown slightly higher rate of economic growth in comparison to
many democracies.
ii. But we all know that there are many other factors that determine the economic growth of a country like- country's
population size, global situation, cooperation from other countries, economic priorities adopted by the country etc.
iii. So even when there is only a nominal difference in the rate of economic growth between countries under dictatorship
and democracy, it is better to prefer democracy as it has several other positive outcomes like dignity and freedom of
citizens, accomodation of social diversity etc..
iv. Overall, we can expect democracy not to lag behind dictatorships in this respect.
OR
A. Democracy accommodates social diversity as it allows for equality, fair representation to all irrespective of their
caste, creed, colour, race, religion, language or place of residence.
B. Democracy also ensures that the government should not be made by the majority but it should have the
representation of minorities as well
C. There is a tendency of gender discrimination everywhere in the world Woman are discriminated in one way or the
other
D. India is a secular country and it never tries to give undue preference to any language
E. Democracy is the best form of government to accommodate social diversities if it must fulfil some basic conditions.
That is Free and fair elections, Majority rule should not be in terms of religion or race or linguistic groups, Majority
should always work in consonance with the minority.
Section E
34. i. Mahatma Gandhi decided to launch a nationwide satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act (1919).
ii. As the news of Jallianwalla Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many north Indian towns. Seeing
violence spread, Mahatma Gandhi decided to call off the movement.

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iii. This Act had been hurriedly passed through the Imperial Legislative Council despite the united opposition of
the Indian members. It gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities and allowed the
detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.
35. i. Many journals began carrying writings by women and explained why women should be educated. They also
ii. The impacts of printed books on women in India in the 19th century was:
a. Liberal husbands and fathers began educating their womenfolk at home and sent them to schools when
women’s schools were set up in the cities and towns after the mid-nineteenth century.
b. Many journals began carrying writings by women and explained why women should be educated. They also
iii. The negative conceptions regarding the education imparted to women were:
a. Conservative Hindus believed that a literate girl would be widowed.
b. Muslims feared that educated women would be corrupted by reading Urdu romances.
36. i. Tourism contributed to Rs 64,889 crore of foreign exchange in 2010.
ii. Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, eco-tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical
tourism and business tourism.
iii. i. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry
ii. It promotes national integration.
iii. It provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. (Any one relevant point)
Section F
37. a. A. Ahmedabad
B. Nagpur
b.

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(c) Krishak cooperative (iii) Charge very high interest rates

India 6,681 69.7 6.5 130

Myanmar 4,961 67.1 5.0 148

Nepal 3,457 70.8 5.0 143

Bangladesh 4,976 72.6 6.2 134

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Explain any two factors which enable globalisation in India?

Suggest any five measures to enhance agricultural production in India.

Write a note on Guiseppe Mazzini.

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How does democracy accommodate social diversities?

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Class 10 - Social Science

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i. Land reforms: Consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of Zamindari system.

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