Full name: English for IT (15 May, 2023)

Student code: Ordinal No: Test 2 – Session

ANSWER SHEET
Part 1 Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 5
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Part 4
1. What is the objective of the W3C Consortium?

2. Why is the early Web described as the read-only Web?

3. What web phenomena illustrate online collaboration and sharing among users?

4. Which search tool lets you answer questions asked by other people?

5. Which web-based program can help you carry out office tasks?

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 QUESTIONS
Part 1. Choose the correct answers.
1. _____ houses most of the 9. Type of e-mail account that does 18. Typically using Wi-Fi
electrical components for a not require an email program to technology, these wireless access
computer system. be installed on a user’s computer is points, which are _____, are
a. Chip carrier b. System board _____. available from public places such
c. System unit d. Unicode a. blog-based b. client-based as coffee shops, libraries,
2. In a personal computer system, c. utility-based d. web-based bookstores, colleges, and
the central processing unit is 10. _____ are the most widely used universities.
typically contained on a single audio-input devices. a. hotspots b. extranets
_____. a. Mouses b. VR c. PANs d. LANs
a. bus b. chip c. Microphones d. RFID 19. Bus, ring, star, tree, and mesh
c. module d. RAM 11. _____ is the monitor feature are five types of network _____.
3. _____ provides a pathway to that indicates the ability to display a. topologies b. protocols
connect parts of the CPU to each colors. c. strategies d. devices
other. a. Aspect ratio b. Contrast ratio 20. Part of the operating system is
a. A bus b. A cable c. Dot pitch d. Resolution rate usually stored in ROM so that it
c. A wire d. A cord 12. _____ is the study of human can be used to boot up the
4. Computers can only recognize factors related to things people computer. ROM is used rather
_____ electronic signal. use. than RAM because:
a. analog b. bus a. Ergonomics b. RFID A. ROM chips are faster than RAM
c. digital d. maximum c. RSI d. UAV B. ROM chips are not volatile
5. A browser is an example of a 13. When a read-write head makes C. ROM chips are cheaper than
_____. contact with the hard disk’s RAM chips
a. general-purpose application surface, it causes a head _____. D. none of the above
b. specialized program a. crash b. land 21. This device connects your
c. system application c. pit d. scratch computer or home network to the
d. utility program 14. _____ is a type of storage uses Internet.
6. _____ uses the Internet and the pits and lands to represent 1s and A. ADSL port B. Ethernet
web to shift many computer 0s. C. modem-router D. hub
activities from a user’s computer a. cloud b. hard disk 22. In a network, information and
to computers on the Internet. c. optical d. solid state data in the form of codes is
a. cloud computing 15. USB drives are also known as transmitted through a physical
b. high definition _____. medium such as wire, cable, or
c. network a. flash drives b. optical drives even the atmosphere using____.
d. solid-state storage c. ports d. universal state bus A. electricity and water
7. _____ are the rules for 16. The bandwidth typically used B. electricity, radio waves or light
exchanging data between for DSL, cable, and satellite C. radio waves and electromagnetic
computers. connections to the Internet is tape
a. DSL b. Protocols _____. D. radio waves, light waves or
c. Web d. WWW a. baseband b. broadband magnetic signals
8. Using file transfer utility c. medium band d. voiceband 23. What is a CPU’s clock speed?
software, you can copy files to your 17. Every computer on the A. the accuracy of time-keeping
computer from specially Internet has a unique numeric function
configured servers on the Internet. address called a(n) _____. B. the number of times a second it
This is called _____. a. IP address b. DNS refreshes its memory
a. downloading b. filtering c. broadcast d. packet C. the rate at which it can execute
c. blogging d. uploading instructions
D. the speed to store and perform
specified tasks
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24. All of the following are 27. A network router joins two b. Discussion thread on a forum
examples of input devices _________ together. c. Series of blog posts
EXCEPT a _____. A. Computers B. Switches d. Discussion via chat (instant
A. scanner. B. mouse. C. Networks D. Gateway messaging)
C. keyboard. D. printer. 28. What does ISP stand for? 30. What does BCC mean?
25. Servers are computers that a. International Service Protocol a) Blank carbon copy
provide resources to other b. Internal Service Port b) Blind carbon copy
computers connected to a: c. Internet Service Provider c) Blue carbon copy
A. network. B. mainframe. d. Internet Search Program d) Black carbon copy
C. supercomputer. D. client. 29. Which one of the following
26. Which is not the browser? means of communication is
a. Internet Explorer b. Opera synchronous?
c. Mozilla d. Google a. Discussion via email

Part 2. Match the given terms with correct definitions.

1. The most widely used communication device. A. tracks Key
2. A communications system connecting two or more B. active display area 1-J. modem
computers. C. platform 2-H. network
3. A container that houses most of the electronic D. e-mail 3-F. system unit
components that make up a computer system. E. port 4-M. chat
4. Two popular instant messaging services are Google F. system unit 5-D. e-mail
Talk and Facebook _____. G. search services 6-K. ISP
5. Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet. H. network 7-G. search services
6. The most common way to access the Internet is I. dot pitch 8-O. blog
through a(n) _____. J. modem 9-C. platform
7. Maintain huge databases relating to information K. ISP 10-L. antivirus
provided on the web and the Internet. L. antivirus 11-E. port
8. Individual website to keep in touch with friends and M. chat 12-B. active display area
family. N. plotters 13-I. dot pitch
9. An operating system is often referred to as the O. blog 14-N. plotters
software environment or software _______. 15-A. tracks
10. Type of program that guards computer systems from
viruses and other damaging programs.
11. A socket for external devices to connect to the
system unit.
12. A monitor feature that is measured by the diagonal
length of the viewing area.
13. The distance between each pixel.
14. Special-purpose printers for creating maps, images,
and architectural and engineering drawings.
15. Concentric rings on a hard-disk platter.

Part 3. Complete each gap in this text with a suitable word from this list.
II. Complete the conversation between an Internet Service Provider (ISP) and a customer.
email – Web – spam – IP – modem – wireless – newsreader – username – browser – internet – attachments –
messaging – file transfer protocol – newsgroups – broadband – mail program

ISP Helpdesk Operator (HO): Customer support, good morning. 1. internet

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 Customer (C): Yeah, hi. Who am I speaking to? 2. IP
HO: My name’s Martin. How can I help? 3. modem
4. wireless
C: I’m having some problems with my (1) ______ connection. I can’t get online.
5. broadband
HO: OK. I’m sure I can help. Let me just quickly check your (2) ______ address 6. email
… 7. Web
C: My what? What does that mean? 8. messaging
HO: It’s just a unique series of numbers that identifies your computer when it’s 9. browser
online. OK, just wait a sec … Mmm … Is your (3) ______ plugged in and working 10. username
OK? 11. mail program
C: Is that the same as the (4) ______ router? The thing that plugs into the phone 12. spam
line? 13. attachments
HO: Yes. Are the lights flashing?
C: Yes, they’re flashing really fast.
HO: OK. Just turn the router off and on at the back. Is it working now?
C: Yes, it is. Why did that happen?
HO: It’s nothing serious – sometimes you just need to reset the router. Is there
anything else I can help you with?
C: Actually, yes. I’m paying all this money for one of those fast, what do you call
them, (5) ______ connections, but all I’m using the computer for is checking (6)
______ and looking up information on the (7) ______. What else can I do with all
this technology?
HO: Well, have you tried instant (8) ______? You know, having real-time chats
with friends over the Internet?
C: Who do you think I am? That sounds like the kind of thing my 15-year-old son
would be into, not me!
HO: OK, well how fast is your connection? If it’s very fast, then you can take
advantage of file transfer protocol – that means downloading files from the Internet
onto your hard drive. It’s a feature that is built into your web (9) ______, so it’s
very easy to use. You can download music, films, anything you want, really.
C: That sounds expensive. How much does it cost to download a song?
HO: It depends on the site. Another thing you might want to try is newsgroups –
public discussion areas on nearly any topic. It’s part of a system called Usenet.
You’ll need a newsreader – that’s a program that lets you view and post messages –
and a (10) ______ and password. It’s all very easy.
C: OK, that all sounds interesting. Thanks for all …
HO: Actually, you might be interested in a new product we’ve launched this week.
Can I ask which (11) ______ you use?
C: Outlook Express.
HO: OK, we have some new anti-(12) ______ software that helps detect junk
email by looking for suspicious words in the subject line of the email. It also looks
for suspicious (13) ______ – that’s how viruses are normally sent between
computers. It only costs £5.99 a month and …

Part 4. Read the passage.

PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE WEB

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 The Web is constantly evolving. Websites and user preferences change over time, and new online communities
are formed every day. To describe the different stages in web evolution, some experts use numbers like Web
1.0, Web 2.0 and Web 3.0.
Web 1.0
The Web was invented by Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau at CERN in 1991. The former founded the
W3C Consortium in 1994 to ensure compatibility between web technologies. This consortium set standards
of the Web as we know it today, including URLs, the HTTP protocol and the HTML language. The early Web
contained static information in the form of text, pictures and hyperlinks. It is referred to as the read-only Web,
because it only allowed users to search for information and read it.
With the arrival of Java in 1995 and web browsers that supported audio and video plug-ins, the Web became
more dynamic and interactive, allowing users to play music and video. This was the era of the dial-up modem
and the dot-com boom. It was the time of commercial online services, the AltaVista search engine, and
webmail with Hotmail.
Web 2.0
This is the current generation of the Web, described as the read-write Web.
The Web has become a place of collaboration, citizen journalism and user-generated content. This is
exemplified by phenomena such as blogs, collective editing (Wikipedia), video-sharing (YouTube), social
networking (Facebook) and social search (Yahoo! Answers). Yahoo! Answers is a site that allows users to ask
and answer questions posed by other users. Another example id Flickr, a photo-sharing site that allows users
to upload photos and label them with folksonomies, keyword tags that help you find images about a certain
topic.
A lot of software is executed from scripts embedded in web pages. Two examples are Google Maps, a free
mapping service, and ThinkFree Online, a free office suite that runs inside a browser, imitating PC applications
such as word processing, spreadsheets and presentations.
Other features of Web 2.0 are the extension of ADSL connections and the emergence of the mobile Internet.
Web 3.0
Web 3.0 might be defined as a third generation of the Web, enabled by the convergence of several trends:
• Fast connections and ubiquitous computing, where users have internet access anytime, anywhere.
• Open-source software and open data; one example is Creative Commons licences, which let people
copy and distribute the work under certain conditions.
• Applications hosted on the Web and operated via voice and hand or eye gestures.
• The Semantic Web, which uses languages such as RDF (Resource Description Framework) to
publish data so that it can be manipulated and understood by intelligent software agents; RDF
provides a method for classification of data in order to improve searching and navigation.
• The three-dimensional Web, where sites are transformed into 3-D shared spaces, similar to the virtual
reality community of Second Life.

Answer these questions.

1. What is the objective of the W3C Consortium?
2. Why is the early Web described as the read-only
Web?
3. What web phenomena illustrate online
collaboration and sharing among users?
4. Which search tool lets you answer questions asked
by other people?
5. Which web-based program can help you carry out
office tasks?
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1. The objective of the W3C consortium is to ensure
compatibility between web technologies.
2. Because it only allowed users to search for
information and read it.
3. Online collaboration and sharing is exemplified by
web phenomena such as blogs, collective editing
(Wikipedia), video-sharing (YouTube), photo-sharing
(Flickr), social networking (Facebook) and social
search (Yahoo! Answers).
4. Yahoo! Answers
5. ThinkFree Online
Part 5. Read the passage.
Delete Keys - Clipboard Technology
For the last generation, Silicon Valley and Tokyo have been working to design computers that are ever easier
to use. There is one thing, however, that has prevented the machines from becoming their user-friendliest:
you still have to input data with a keyboard, and that can require you to do a lot of typing and to memorize a
lot of elaborate commands.
Enter the clipboard computer, a technology that has been in development for the last 20 years but took hold in
the mass market only this year. Clipboard PCs —which, as their name suggests, are not much bigger than an
actual clipboard — replace the keyboard with a liquid crystal display (LCD) screen and an electronic stylus.
Users input data by printing individual letters directly on the screen.
There are two technologies at work in a clipboard PC: one allows raw data to get into the computer and the
other allows the computer to figure out what that data means. The first technology relies principally on
hardware and varies depending on the particular computer. In one system, marketed under the name
GRIDPad, the computer's LCD screen is covered by a sheet of glass with a transparent conductive coating.
Voltage is sent across the glass in horizontal and vertical lines forming a fine grid; at any point on the grid,
the voltage is slightly different. When the stylus — which is essentially a voltmeter — touches the screen, it
informs the computer of the voltage at that point. The computer uses this information to determine where the
stylus is and causes a liquid crystal pixel to appear at those coordinates. The position of the stylus is
monitored several hundred times a second, so as the stylus moves across the glass, whole strings of pixels are
activated.
“What we do is sort of connect the dots,” says Jeff Hawkins, the creator of GRIDPad. “Users can then write
whatever they want on the screen with a kind of electronic ink.”
Making that writing comprehensible to the computer, however, requires the help of some powerful software.
When the stylus is being used, the computer is programmed to look for moments when the tip does not touch
the screen for a third of a second or more. Every time this happens — and it happens a lot when somebody is
printing — the software assumes that one letter or number has been written. The pixel positions of this fresh
character are then passed on to the computer's pattern recognition software, which so instantly identifies the
letter or number written. The software does this by first cleaning up the character —smoothing out crooked
lines and removing errant dots. The remaining lines and curves are then compared with a series of templates
in the computer's memory that represent hundreds of thousands of different versions of every letter in the
English alphabet and all ten numerals. When the computer finds the closest match, it encodes the character in
memory and displays it on the screen as if it had been typed. The entire process takes just a fraction of a
second. To delete a word, you simply draw a line through it. To move to the next page, you flick the stylus at
the bottom of the screen as if you're flicking the page of a book.
There are a handful of clipboard computers now on the market, including GRIOPad, which is sold in the US;
Penvision, manufactured by NCR and sold around the world; and Sony's Palmtop and Canon's Al Note, both
sold only in Japan. IBM and Apple are also pouring millions of dollars into the technology.
In addition to this hardware, a variety of software is also making its way to the market. Depending on the
power of the computer and the sophistication of the software, clipboard systems can be programmed to
understand the particular quirks of a particular user's printing; this is an especially useful feature in Japan,
where elaborate kanji characters make up most of the written language. Improvements in software may soon
allow machines sold in the US to understand not only printing but continuous script as well.
Given such flexibility, the designers of clipboard computers are predicting big things — and a big market —
for their products. “There's no doubt about it,” says an optimistic Hawkins. “You’re going to own one of
these things in the not-too-distant future.”

Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) in relation to the information in the text.
If you think a statement is false, change it to make it true.

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1. The clipboard computer was first sold twenty years ago. 1. F (Enter the clipboard
2. On a clipboard, an electronic pen replaces the traditional keyboard. computer, a technology that has
3. In the GRIDPad system, when the pen touches the screen, it informs been in development for the last
the computer and a liquid crystal pixel appears at that point. 20 years)
4. The whole process of recognizing letters or numbers and printing them 2. T
on the screen takes very little time. 3. T
5. There are many clipboard computers sold today which are all available 4. T
everywhere in the world. 5. F (a handful of clipboard
6. Clipboard systems can be made to understand any kind of writing. computers now on the market)
6. F (Improvements in software
may soon … as well)

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