A Uood is usually caused by rain,

heavy tt, understorms, a.nd

tha \l\1in g of sn av,.
Us consid:ere·-d to be a :temporary
rondihon of l\\lO or n1oue acres of
d1ry la:nd e-ithe r:
iOverflovved wi'th ijnland· or Hd.al
V),aiters
~ Rapid or runoff of surface wat ers 1

• ~;1udflows
HOW DOES FLOODrNG
START AND, :END?
Th,e shoire ,or land by or surrou n,di1ng a body of water erod,es
.and this ,era,:s.Jo,n causes ·waves currents that result in a
fb□i□·d .

FJood dJsasters have been incriea:s ed bee ause of the

expansion of settlements and gro·wth lri floodplains .
Floods could be slow or fast bu'l usually 0 -ccur ove·r a matt,er
1

of days.
After the ·Vl1ater eventua.Hy g1oes down •Or ,dries up. On caas.tal
floods low tides and high tides makes. a chan·g·e in
1

heights.
WHY DOES IT OCCUR??
~™ lffl l\ffi)~ ttiillwitiil ffiim~ !Jfimt;t
~ n t ; l § f;} fiDI di!li§ffmiro 9
~ «M ~
~tmltem;Jhfflbb!W®foo~w~
lfflW lmltililbfD iiiffiB titlDhm flN ~ @r ~ mg
[;]utmffl
., Effects ,on: the E.n:viro.n1
ment:
U also makes a rness o-r !he env irortm,enL The soil b,ecornes P.OOr
becaus,e lhe oxygen is limited due lo so ,much \!Valer~The P.H In soil
decreases, rate aeoomposition of orgia.nic matter f n fioodea soil tends
onl,y lo b•e half that uriflooded sorl
Trees are ,eH,e·cted as welI. II effects the h,eigh:t, age , vi,g1or, roots, a11d
'
species.
During the grov1dng season flooding is very harmful especially to 'Woody
plants con1pared a flood ln a dorm ant season.
Floods could carry chemicals from agricultural fie lds, sewage.etc:. and
canrt handle large bodies of water.
Crops die b,ecause the y can 't survive because of the condi'tions .
DEATHS DURING FLOODS
-- - -- - --

Floods O·ften result in ,de,ath j es:p•ec!ally along river b,anks

an d low~lying areas.
1

F10,0ds kill more Americans than an·y·,o'lh er naturad

1 1

d.Is:aster e.a;,ch year. You may be sur:p,r:ised but only 6

inch1·es o,f fast n10 ving water can sweep a perso·n off
1

their fe,et and c.ars ·will fi:oat of m.ove in :only tvvo fe1e·t of
vi1.ater.
 INiC,REA,SED VULNERAB,IL,ITY
1

CAu:s,IES,
,, IND IS,CR IMJNAT:E ENCRO,ACHMENT
► INCREASI NG EC•O:NOMliC AN □, DEVELOPMENTALACT!V!Tl:Es
IN. FL0 0·D PLAI NS
1

-,, LACK OF REGULAT IONS

.,_ lNP\D 'EQUATE DRAliNAGE SYSTE~A

.y INi\DEOUATE MA1NTENANC'.E

~ LACK OF DISAS,TER P'REPARE!D·NES.S

 APPRO ACHi
1

• FLOODS CAN: NOT. B,E ABSOLU-TEL'Y

- ·-- -

CONTROLLED 1

• FLOODS ,C.AN: ON LY BE MANAG E.D TO

1

REOLJ!,CE FL,OO iD L0 SSES

1
 STRATEGIES

• MOD.IFY THE FLOODS

., MODIFY THE SUS.CiEPTIBILITY TO FLOOD

DAMAGE
1

•· M0 DIFY THE LOSS BURDEN

1 1

,, BEAR THE-toss: - -- ~
FL 0·0D iMAN.AGEMENT
1

1 1

O.RGA NI SAT/ O,NS:

1

STATE FLOOD CONTROL DEPART~1ENTS

• C-ENTRAL WATER CO MM l;SS ION

1

• BRAHMAPUTRABOARD

• MHA .. NDM iD·lVIS!ON

FL 00D MAN.AGEMENT MEASURES
1

,. STRUCTURAL PHYS!CALWO,RKS FOR

MEASURES N10 DIFYING FLO· O □ rY!A·G1
1 1
NITUDE

( TO KEEP FLO,O·DS AWAY !FRO M

PEO·P·LE )

.. NOt~=STRUCTURAL P'LANNED A.CTIVlTY T0 MODIFY

1

MEASURES S,US.CEPTIB[LITY TO FLOOD DA~~A:G,E

- - ~ ,H"tftP..PEOP'LE ,Ai.WAY FROM

FLOODS )
FL,OOD MANAGEME.NT
STRUCT'URAL MIEASURES.

• DAMS & RESERVOIRS

• EMBANKME!NT
• CHANNELIMPROVEMENT
• RIVER D!VERSIO,N
•· INTER BAS,IN TiRANSFER
• ANTI ER 0S,ION WORKS
1
·• FLQ,QD F0 RE,CASTING & WARNING
1

• FLQ,QO, PiLAIN z,ONl:NG

8 FLQ,QO, F!GH TIN,G1

• :FL0 0D PR0 0FIN G

1 1 1

• FL0 0D INSURANCE
1

II RELIEF & REHABILITATION

 NEW □, IRECTl 1ONS F,QR 01S,ASTER MANAGEMENT
IN INDIA
•· The Nationa1 l o,i saster Management A:uthority (NOMA) h:,as
been set u:p as the ap ex :body for Disaster ~,lanagement in
1

:India, with the Prin1e Minister as its, Chairn1,an.

1

,. Disaster Ma.nagem1ent Authorities will lbs set up at the

1

S,tate andi District Lev els to be he,a.ded by the Chief

1

Min:iste rs and Co,llect ors/ZiUa Paris,had Chairmen

1

resp,ectiv·ely.
FL,0 0D MANAGEMENT
1

S,C0 P:E
1 1 1

• Us,e of Remote S,ensing and ,GIS

1

• Res earch and Develo,pm:ent

1

• W,eather I Rainfall Foreca;sting

• FF Mo,dellin,g
• Cap;acity Buil,ding
• int,ernational Coop,eration
• Enc,ourage and consolid,ate know·ledge networks,
1

• Mobilise and train disaster volunteers for m:ore effective

1

p,rep,aredn1ess, m.1tigati on an,d response (NS.S,, NCC, S,couts:

1 1

,and Guides, NYK, Civn o,efence, H:ome ,guards)

1

., increase,d capa city buHdin g leads to fa1ster vuinerabHity

1 1

redu ction:,
1

., Learn fron1 best practices: in dlisaster :preparedn1ess ,

miti,gation and dis,aster re,sponse
1