Q1: When a ray of light goes from one medium to another, there is

(a) Always a change in its speed as well as direction

(b) No change in speed and direction
(c) A change in speed but no change in direction
(d) A change in direction but constant speed
Q1: When a ray of light goes from one medium to another, there is
(a) Always a change in its speed as well as direction
(b) No change in speed and direction
(c) A change in speed but no change in direction
(d) A change in direction but constant speed

Solution:

(a) Always a change in its speed as well as direction

Q2: The front face of a circular loop of a wire is the North pole, the direction of current in
this face of the loop will be:
(a) Clockwise
(b) Anticlockwise
(c) Towards North
(d) Towards South
Q2: The front face of a circular loop of a wire is the North pole, the direction of current in
this face of the loop will be:
(a) Clockwise
(b) Anticlockwise
(c) Towards North
(d) Towards South

Solution:

(b) Anticlockwise
Q3: When white light enters a glass prism from the air, the angle of deviation is least for
(a) blue light
(b) yellow light
(c) violet light
(d) red light
Q3: When white light enters a glass prism from the air, the angle of deviation is least for
(a) blue light
(b) yellow light
(c) violet light
(d) red light

Solution:

(d) red light

Q4: Carbon forms four covalent bonds by sharing its four valence electrons with four
univalent atoms, e.g hydrogen. After the formation of four bonds, carbon attains the
electronic configuration of
(a) 2, 4
(b) 2, 5
(c) 2, 6
(d) 2, 8
Q4: Carbon forms four covalent bonds by sharing its four valence electrons with four
univalent atoms, e.g hydrogen. After the formation of four bonds, carbon attains the
electronic configuration of
(a) 2, 4
(b) 2, 5
(c) 2, 6
(d) 2, 8

Solution:

(d) 2, 8
Q5: In the decomposition of lead (II) nitrate to give lead (II) oxide, nitrogen dioxide and
oxygen gas, the coefficient of nitrogen dioxide (in the balanced equation) is
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
Q5: In the decomposition of lead (II) nitrate to give lead (II) oxide, nitrogen dioxide and
oxygen gas, the coefficient of nitrogen dioxide (in the balanced equation) is
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Solution:

(d) 4
Q6: Which of the following are not ionic compounds?
A. KCl, B. HCl
C. CCl₄, D. NaCl
(a) (A) & (B)
(b) (B) & (C)
(c) (C) & (D)
(d) (A) & (C)
Q6: Which of the following are not ionic compounds?
A. KCl, B. HCl
C. CCl₄, D. NaCl
(a) (A) & (B)
(b) (B) & (C)
(c) (C) & (D)
(d) (A) & (C)

Solution:

(b) (B) & (C)

Q7: Which of the following compounds of carbon does not ionise?
(a) CHCl3
(b) CaCO3
(c) NaHCO3
(d) CaO
Q7: Which of the following compounds of carbon does not ionise?
(a) CHCl3
(b) CaCO3
(c) NaHCO3
(d) CaO

Solution:

(a) CHCl3
Q8: The image shows the healing of a wound.

Based on the image, what explains the process?

(a) platelets form clot by plugging the site of injury
(b) platelets uses component of broken vessel to form clot
(c) red blood cells divide and replace the broken vessel at the site of injury
(d) red blood cells and platelets migrate to site of injury and secrete substance that forms
new vessel
Q8: The image shows the healing of a wound.

Based on the image, what explains the process?

(a) platelets form clot by plugging the site of injury
(b) platelets uses component of broken vessel to form clot
(c) red blood cells divide and replace the broken vessel at the site of injury
(d) red blood cells and platelets migrate to site of injury and secrete substance that forms
new vessel

Solution:

(a) platelets form clot by plugging the site of injury

Q9: A student setup an experiment to study the human respiratory system. In the
experiment, the student places candle and a living cockroach in the flask A, while a
candle and a dead cockroach in flask B. The burning of candle needs oxygen.

After 10 minutes, the student observes that the candle in flask A extinguish faster while
candle in flask B keeps burning for a longer time. What can be evaluated from this
experiment?
(a) candle produces high amount of carbon dioxide
(b) living beings consumes oxygen during respiration
(c) burning of candle decreases the life span of cockroach
(d) water vapours produced by living beings prevents burning of candle.
Q9: A student setup an experiment to study the human respiratory system. In the
experiment, the student places candle and a living cockroach in the flask A, while a
candle and a dead cockroach in flask B. The burning of candle needs oxygen.

After 10 minutes, the student observes that the candle in flask A extinguish faster while
candle in flask B keeps burning for a longer time. What can be evaluated from this
experiment?
(a) candle produces high amount of carbon dioxide
(b) living beings consumes oxygen during respiration
(c) burning of candle decreases the life span of cockroach
(d) water vapours produced by living beings prevents burning of candle.
Solution:

(b) living beings consumes oxygen during respiration

Q10: In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall
plants to short plants in F2 is
(a) 1 :1
(b) 1 :2
(c) 3 :1
(d) 1 : 3
Q10: In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall
plants to short plants in F2 is
(a) 1 :1
(b) 1 :2
(c) 3 :1
(d) 1 : 3

Solution:

(c). 3 :1
Q11: What is a likely limitation of electric impulses?
(a) The electric impulses travel slowly between the neurons.
(b) The electric impulses allow signal transmission in multiple directions.
(c) The electric impulses are transmitted to only those body parts that are connected to
neurons.
(d) The electric impulses once generated needs to be transmitted quickly within the body.
Q11: What is a likely limitation of electric impulses?
(a) The electric impulses travel slowly between the neurons.
(b) The electric impulses allow signal transmission in multiple directions.
(c) The electric impulses are transmitted to only those body parts that are connected to
neurons.
(d) The electric impulses once generated needs to be transmitted quickly within the body.

Solution:

(c) The electric impulses are transmitted to only those body parts that are connected to neurons.
Q12: The image shows the process of vegetative propagation in a plant.

The shoot of the parent plant is pushed below the soil that results in growth of a new
plant. What is the advantage of this process?
(a) this results in plant of different flowers
(b) this helps grow plants without adding extra manure
(c) this eliminates the need of producing plant using seeds
(d) this allows growth of plants with new genetic composition.
Q12: The image shows the process of vegetative propagation in a plant.

The shoot of the parent plant is pushed below the soil that results in growth of a new
plant. What is the advantage of this process?
(a) this results in plant of different flowers
(b) this helps grow plants without adding extra manure
(c) this eliminates the need of producing plant using seeds
(d) this allows growth of plants with new genetic composition.

Solution:

(c) this eliminates the need of producing plant using seeds

Q13: An electric iron draws a current 4 A, when connected to a 220 V mains. Its resistance
must be
(a) 1000 ohm
(b) 55 ohm
(c) 44 ohm
(d) 50 ohm
Q13: An electric iron draws a current 4 A, when connected to a 220 V mains. Its resistance
must be
(a) 1000 ohm
(b) 55 ohm
(c) 44 ohm
(d) 50 ohm

Solution:

(b) 55 ohm
Q14: Which information is not conveyed by a balanced chemical equation?
(a) Physical states of reactants and products.
(b) Symbols and formulae of all the substances involved in a particular reaction.
(c) Number of atoms/molecules of the reactants and products formed.
(d) Whether a particular reaction is actually feasible or not.
Q14: Which information is not conveyed by a balanced chemical equation?
(a) Physical states of reactants and products.
(b) Symbols and formulae of all the substances involved in a particular reaction.
(c) Number of atoms/molecules of the reactants and products formed.
(d) Whether a particular reaction is actually feasible or not.

Solution:

(d) Whether a particular reaction is actually feasible or not.

Q15: Which of the following are isomers?
(a) Butane and isobutene
(b) Ethane and ethene
(c) Propane and propyne
(d) Butane and isobutane
Q15: Which of the following are isomers?
(a) Butane and isobutene
(b) Ethane and ethene
(c) Propane and propyne
(d) Butane and isobutane

Solution:

(d) Butane and isobutane

Q16: When you clean a metal vessel with tamarind the reaction taking place is:
Metal oxide + X → Salt + Water
What is X here?
(a) Acid
(b) Base
(c) Hydrogen
(d) Carbon dioxide
Q16: When you clean a metal vessel with tamarind the reaction taking place is:
Metal oxide + X → Salt + Water
What is X here?
(a) Acid
(b) Base
(c) Hydrogen
(d) Carbon dioxide

Solution:

(a) Acid
Q17: Assertion: CH3Cl is obtained from CH4 by the action of Cl2 in the presence of
sunlight.
Reason: It is obtained by addition reaction.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is False but R is true
Q17: Assertion: CH3Cl is obtained from CH4 by the action of Cl2 in the presence of
sunlight.
Reason: It is obtained by addition reaction.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is False but R is true

Solution:

(c) A is true but R is false

Q18: Assertion: Pollen grains from the carpel stick to the stigma of stamen.
Reason: The fertilised egg cells grow inside the ovules and become seeds.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is False but R is true
Q18: Assertion: Pollen grains from the carpel stick to the stigma of stamen.
Reason: The fertilised egg cells grow inside the ovules and become seeds.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is False but R is true

Solution:

(d) A is false but R is true

Q19: Assertion: In plants there is no need of specialised respiratory organs.
Reason: Plants do not have great demands of gaseous exchange.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is False but R is true
Q19: Assertion: In plants there is no need of specialised respiratory organs.
Reason: Plants do not have great demands of gaseous exchange.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is False but R is true

Solution:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Q20: Assertion: Virtual images are always erect.
Reason: Virtual images are formed by diverging lenses only.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is False but R is true
Q20: Assertion: Virtual images are always erect.
Reason: Virtual images are formed by diverging lenses only.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is False but R is true

Solution:

(c) A is true but R is false

Q21: Briefly explain the extraction of Mercury metal from its ore Cinnabar in two steps.
OR
An ore on treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid produces brisk effervescence. What
steps will be required to obtain metal from the enriched ore?
Q21: Briefly explain the extraction of Mercury metal from its ore Cinnabar in two steps.
OR
An ore on treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid produces brisk effervescence. What
steps will be required to obtain metal from the enriched ore?

Solution:

Step 1: It is heated first in the presence of excess air. This is known as roasting. Cinnabar is converted into mercury (II)
oxide during this process. (1 Marks)
2HgS + 3O2 → 2HgO + 2SO2
Step 2: The oxide of mercury so formed is heated to around 300℃ and it gets reduced to the mercury metal.
2HgO 2Hg + O2 (1 Marks)
OR
(i) Calcination: Carbonate ore is heated in limited supply of air and oxide is obtained (1 Marks)
ZnCO3(s) ZnO(s) + CO2(g)
(ii) Reduction with carbon: Oxide ore is heated with carbon
ZnO (s) + C (s) → Zn (s) + CO (g) (1 Marks)
Q22: (a) Identify the phytohormones used by plants while performing the following
functions:
(i) Growth at the shoot tips
(ii) Inhibiting growth during unfavourable conditions
(b) Which two parts of the brain are involved in controlling involuntary actions performed
by us?
Q22: (a) Identify the phytohormones used by plants while performing the following
functions:
(i) Growth at the shoot tips
(ii) Inhibiting growth during unfavourable conditions
(b) Which two parts of the brain are involved in controlling involuntary actions performed
by us?

Solution:

(a) (i) Auxin (½ Marks)

(ii) Abscisic acid (½ Marks)
b. Medulla (½ Marks) and Midbrain (½ Marks)
Q23: (a) Is leaf fall related to excretion? How?
(b) Which are the first simple molecules of food produced during photosynthesis? What
happens to these simple molecules in the leaves later?
Q23: (a) Is leaf fall related to excretion? How?
(b) Which are the first simple molecules of food produced during photosynthesis? What
happens to these simple molecules in the leaves later?

Solution:

(a) Yes, Many plants store waste materials in the cellular vacuoles (of mesophyll cells and epidermal cells). When old
leaves fall, the waste materials are excreted along with the leaves. (1 Marks)
(b)
(i) Glucose molecules are the first simple molecules of food produced during photosynthesis.
(ii) These molecules combine to produce starch which is stored in various parts of the plant.
Q24: Explain the role of saliva in digestion of food.
Q24: Explain the role of saliva in digestion of food.

Solution:

• Lubricates and moistens food, thus aiding in swallowing.

• It contains a digestive enzyme called salivary amylase, which breaks down starch into simple sugars (maltose)
Q25: A person is suffering from both myopia and hypermetropia.
(a) What kind of lenses can correct this defect?
(b) How are these lenses prepared?
OR
How will you use two identical glass prisms so that a narrow beam of white light incident
on one prism emerges out of the second prism as white light? Draw and label the ray
diagram.
Q25: A person is suffering from both myopia and hypermetropia.
(a) What kind of lenses can correct this defect?
(b) How are these lenses prepared?
OR
How will you use two identical glass prisms so that a narrow beam of white light incident
on one prism emerges out of the second prism as white light? Draw and label the ray
diagram.
Solution:

(a) The lens which can correct the vision of such a person suffering from both myopia and hypermetropia is a bifocal
lens.
(b) A common type of bifocal lens contains both concave and convex lens. It is prepared with the upper portion
consisting of a concave lens facilitating distant vision and the lower portion consisting of convex lens facilitating near
vision.
OR
Newton was the first to use a glass prism to obtain the spectrum of a white light. He then placed a second identical
prism in an inverted position with respect to the first prism. This allowed all the colours of the white light to pass
through the second prism combining to form a white light emerging from the other side of the second prism. This made
him believe that white light was composed of different colours
Q26: (a) The following organisms form a food chain:
Insects, Hawk, Grass, Snake, Frog.
Which of these will have the highest concentration of non-biodegradable chemicals?
Name the phenomenon associated with it.
(b) List two biotic components of a biosphere.
Q26: (a) The following organisms form a food chain:
Insects, Hawk, Grass, Snake, Frog.
Which of these will have the highest concentration of non-biodegradable chemicals?
Name the phenomenon associated with it.
(b) List two biotic components of a biosphere.

Solution:

(a) Hawk (½ Marks)

Biomagnification (½ Marks)
(b) Plants, Animals and microorganisms (Any two ½ Marks each)
Q27: (a) The existence of decomposers is essential in a biosphere. Justify. Give examples
of 2 decomposers.
(b) The first trophic level in a food chain is always a green plant. Why?
Q27: (a) The existence of decomposers is essential in a biosphere. Justify. Give examples
of 2 decomposers.
(b) The first trophic level in a food chain is always a green plant. Why?

Solution:

(a) (Any two points in each)

1. They have a very important role to play in an ecosystem.
2. They act as a Cleansing agent of the environment by decomposing the dead bodies of plants and animals. (0.5 Mark)
3. They help in recycling of nutrients. (0.5 Mark)
(b) Green plants use sunlight and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to produce carbohydrates (food) by the process
of photosynthesis. Since plants produce food for themselves, they are known as producers. So, they are the first link in
any food chain. (1 Mark)
Q28: An object 4cm in size, is placed 25cm in front of concave mirror of focal length 15cm
at what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp
image? Find the nature & size of the image.
Q28: An object 4cm in size, is placed 25cm in front of concave mirror of focal length 15cm
at what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp
image? Find the nature & size of the image.

Solution:

Focal length, f = –15cm

Object distance, u = –25cm
Object height, h0 = 4cm
From mirror formula,
1/f = 1/v + 1/u
1/−15 = 1/−25 + 1/v
⇒ 1/v = 1/−15 + 1/25
v = −37.5cm
magnification, m = –v/u = hi/ ho/
⇒ m = (–37.5)/–25 = hi/4
hi = –37.5 × 4/25
hi = –6cm
To get a sharp image, v = –37.5cm
The image is real, inverted and magnified
Q29: (a) i. How would digestion be affected if there is a blockage in the pancreatic duct?
ii. What is ‘translocation’ in plants? Name the tissue which is responsible for the
translocation.
OR
(a) Complete the glucose breakdown pathway in case of aerobic respiration by filling the
blanks.
Q29: (a) i. How would digestion be affected if there is a blockage in the pancreatic duct?
ii. What is ‘translocation’ in plants? Name the tissue which is responsible for the
translocation.
OR
(a) Complete the glucose breakdown pathway in case of aerobic respiration by filling the
blanks.
Solution:

(a) i
1. Pancreas secrete Pancreatic juice containing various enzymes. (½ Marks)
2. Enzymes Trypsin digests proteins, Enzyme Lipase digests fats whereas enzyme Pancreatic amylase helps in digestion
of carbohydrates. (1 Marks)
3. If the pancreatic duct is blocked, Pancreatic juice will not reach the small intestine for the complete digestion of
various food components. Thus, digestion of Carbohydrates, protein and fats will be affected. (½ Marks)
(two points Inn each)
ii. Transportation of food in plants is known as Translocation. (½ Marks)
Phloem helps in translocation of solutes. (½ Marks)
OR
1. Pyruvate
2. Energy
3. Presence of oxygen
4. Mitochondria
5.Carbon dioxide
6. water
(½ Marks for each point)
Q30: (a) What is an electromagnet?
(b) Draw a labelled diagram to show how an electromagnet is made.
(c) State the purpose of soft iron core used in making an electromagnet.
OR
What is solenoid? Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines of
1. a current carrying solenoid and
2. a bar magnet.
Q30: (a) What is an electromagnet?
(b) Draw a labelled diagram to show how an electromagnet is made.
(c) State the purpose of soft iron core used in making an electromagnet.
OR
What is solenoid? Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines of
1. a current carrying solenoid and
2. a bar magnet.
Solution:

(a) Electromagnet is a device which is used to generate magnetism when electric current is passed through it. It can be
made by winding conducting wire around the core.
USES
1. In magnetic latches
2. Used in cranes for lifting metallic objects
(b)

(c) Soft iron core is used in electromagnet to increase its magnetic strength.
The strength of the electromagnet can be increased by:
1. Increase the number of turns of the coil.
2. By increasing the magnitude of current.
OR
It is coil containing many circular terns, there wire are wrapped closely in the shape of a cylinder and it is used as an
electromagnet.
Q31: (a) The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger
than the object. Where should be the position of the object?
(b) Where an object should be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the
size of the object?
(c) Draw a ray diagram for above two conditions.
Q31: (a) The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger
than the object. Where should be the position of the object?
(b) Where an object should be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the
size of the object?
(c) Draw a ray diagram for above two conditions.

Solution:

(a) The position of the object should be between P and F

(b) object is placed at centre of curvature
(c)
Q32: The pH values of three solutions A, B and C are given in the table. Answer the
following questions:

Solution pH value
A 12
B 2
C 7

(a) Which solution will not affect the litmus solution?

(b) Which solution will liberate CO2 when reacted with sodium carbonate?
(c) Which solution will turn red litmus solution blue and why?
(d) Arrange them in increasing order of their acidic strength.
Q32: The pH values of three solutions A, B and C are given in the table. Answer the
following questions:

Solution pH value
A 12
B 2
C 7

(a) Which solution will not affect the litmus solution?

(b) Which solution will liberate CO2 when reacted with sodium carbonate?
(c) Which solution will turn red litmus solution blue and why?
(d) Arrange them in increasing order of their acidic strength.

Solution:

(a) Solution C with pH 7.

(b) Solution B will liberate CO2 when reacted with sodium carbonate as it is an Acid with pH less than 7.
Acids react with Metal Carbonates to give Metal Salt, Carbon dioxide, and water.
(c) Bases turn red litmus solution blue. Solution A which is a Base with pH more than 7 will turn red litmus solution blue.
(d) A < C < B
Acidic strength is inversely related to pH value.
Q33: (a) A metal ‘X’ combines with a non-metal ‘Y’ by the transfer of electrons to form a
compound Z. What can you say about the melting point and boiling point of compound
Z?
(b) By the transfer of electrons, illustrate the formation of bond in Sodium oxide and
identify the ions present in this compound.
Q33: (a) A metal ‘X’ combines with a non-metal ‘Y’ by the transfer of electrons to form a
compound Z. What can you say about the melting point and boiling point of compound
Z?
(b) By the transfer of electrons, illustrate the formation of bond in Sodium oxide and
identify the ions present in this compound.

Solution:

(a) ‘X’ combines with a non-metal ‘Y’ by the transfer of electrons to form a compound Z. Here, Z has an Ionic bond, high
melting point and boiling point as it has strong electrostatic forces between them. (1 Marks)
(b) Electrons are transferred from atoms of one element to atoms of another, resulting in positive and negative ions.
Metals and non-metals are the only substances that participate in electrovalent bonding. Na2O is formed by the transfer
of electrons. In Na2O, sodium is the donor atom whereas Oxygen is the acceptor atom. (2 Marks)
Q34: (a) What is the difference between the chemical composition of soaps and
detergents?
(b) State in brief the action of soaps in removing an oily spot from a shirt.
(c) Why are soaps not considered suitable for washing where water is hard?
OR
A compound ‘A’ (C2H4O2) reacts with Na metal to form a compound ‘B’ and evolves a gas
which burns with a pop sound. Compound ‘A’ on treatment with an alcohol ‘C’ in presence
of an acid forms a sweet-smelling compound ‘D’ (C4H8O2). On addition of NaOH to ‘D’
gives back B and C.
Identify A, B, C and D write the reactions involved.
Q34: (a) What is the difference between the chemical composition of soaps and
detergents?
(b) State in brief the action of soaps in removing an oily spot from a shirt.
(c) Why are soaps not considered suitable for washing where water is hard?
OR
A compound ‘A’ (C2H4O2) reacts with Na metal to form a compound ‘B’ and evolves a gas
which burns with a pop sound. Compound ‘A’ on treatment with an alcohol ‘C’ in presence
of an acid forms a sweet-smelling compound ‘D’ (C4H8O2). On addition of NaOH to ‘D’
gives back B and C.
Identify A, B, C and D write the reactions involved.
Solution:

(a) Soap is potassium or sodium salts of a carboxylic acid attached to a long hydrocarbon chain.
Detergent is the potassium or sodium salts of a long alkyl chain ending with a sulfonate group. (1 Marks)
(b) Big molecules of oil and soap break by rubbing into small emulsified oil droplets in water, which are washed away by
streams of water. The soap molecules which form micelles assist in dissolving the dirt in water, thus, we can wash our
clothes. (2 Marks)
(c) Soap does not work properly when hard water is used. Hard water contains salt of calcium and magnesium. When
soap is added with hard water, a large amount of soap in water reacts with the calcium and magnesium ions of hard
water to form an insoluble precipitate called scum. This makes the cleaning of clothes difficult. (2 Marks)
OR
A is CH3COOH
B is CH3COONa
C is C2H5OH
D is CH3COOC2H5 (2 Marks)

2CH3COOH + 2Na → 2CH3COONa + H2 (1 Marks)

CH3COOH + C2H5OH → CH3COOC2H5 + H2O (1 Marks)
CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3COONa + C2H5OH (1 Marks)
Q35: (a) Write the function of following parts in human female reproductive system:
(i) Ovary (ii) Oviduct (iii) Uterus
(b) Describe in brief the structure and function of placenta.
OR
(b) In the diagram of human male reproductive system given below:

(i) Identify the organ X. Name the hormone produced by the organ “X’. What is the role of
this hormone in human male?
Q35: (a) Write the function of following parts in human female reproductive system:
(i) Ovary (ii) Oviduct (iii) Uterus
(b) Describe in brief the structure and function of placenta.
OR
(b) In the diagram of human male reproductive system given below:

(i) Identify the organ X. Name the hormone produced by the organ “X’. What is the role of
this hormone in human male?
Solution:

(a) (i) Ovary: It produces egg for fertilisation. It secretes estrogen and progesterone. (1 Marks)
(ii) Oviduct: It is the site of fertilization and carries egg or fertilized ovum (zygote) to the uterus. (1 Marks)
(iii) Uterus It helps to nourish the fertilised ovum that will develop into foetus. It holds the baby till it is, ready for birth. (1
Marks)
(b). Each point carries (½ Marks)
1. The embryo gets nutrition from the mother’s blood with the help of a special tissue called placenta.
2. This is a disc which is embedded in the uterine wall. It contains villi on the embryo’s side of the tissue.
3. On the mother’s side are blood spaces, which surround the villi. This provides a large surface area for glucose and
oxygen to pass from the mother to the embryo.
4. The developing embryo will also generate waste substances which can be removed by transferring them into the
mother’s blood through the placenta.
OR
(b) Organ X is Testis (½ Marks). It produces the Hormone testosterone (½ Marks). This hormone is responsible for sperm
formation (½ Marks) and development of secondary sexual characteristics in males. (½ Marks)
Q36: (a) Show diagrammatically, how would you join three resistors, each of resistance 9
Ω so that the equivalent resistance of the combination is (i) 13.5 Ω (ii) 6 Ω
(b) List the advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel with an electrical source
instead of connecting them in series.
(c) Write the mathematical expression for Joules law of heating.
Q36: (a) Show diagrammatically, how would you join three resistors, each of resistance 9
Ω so that the equivalent resistance of the combination is (i) 13.5 Ω (ii) 6 Ω
(b) List the advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel with an electrical source
instead of connecting them in series.
(c) Write the mathematical expression for Joules law of heating.

Solution:

(a)

(b) Advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel with the battery are as follows:
(1) voltage across each electrical device is same and the device can take current as per its resistance.
(2) Total resistance in parallel circuit decreases, hence, a greater current may be drawn from the cell.
In a series circuit, if one component fails, the circuit is broken and none of the components work.
Each electrical appliance can be operated separately
(c) H = I2Rt
Q37: Pure bred pea plant with round seeds were crossed with pure bred pea plant with
wrinkled seeds. The F1 generation was self-pollinated to give rise to the F2 generation.
(a) What is the phenotype of the F1 generation of plants?
(b) What is the expected observation of the F2 generation of plants?
(c) What will be the genotypic ratio of F2 offspring, also mention whether it will be
homozygous or heterozygous?
OR
(c) On crossing of two heterozygous round seeded plants (Rr), a total of 1000 plants were
obtained in F1 generation. What will be the respective number of round seeds and
wrinkled seeds obtained in F1 generation?
Q37: Pure bred pea plant with round seeds were crossed with pure bred pea plant with
wrinkled seeds. The F1 generation was self-pollinated to give rise to the F2 generation.
(a) What is the phenotype of the F1 generation of plants?
(b) What is the expected observation of the F2 generation of plants?
(c) What will be the genotypic ratio of F2 offspring, also mention whether it will be
homozygous or heterozygous?
OR
(c) On crossing of two heterozygous round seeded plants (Rr), a total of 1000 plants were
obtained in F1 generation. What will be the respective number of round seeds and
wrinkled seeds obtained in F1 generation?

Solution:

(a) F1 generation-Round seeds

(b) Round seeds: wrinkled seeds = 3:1
(c) RR(homozygous round): Rr(hererozygous round): rr(homozygous wrinkled) = 1:2:1
OR
(c) 500 round seeded plants and 500 wrinkled seeded plants were obtained in F1 generation.
Q38: A student was asked to investigate what happens when a piece of shiny magnesium
ribbon is added to copper sulphate solution. The apparatus was set up as shown below.
The mass was recorded at the start and again after one hour.

(a) Write the chemical equation involved.

(b) Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?
(c) What will be the mass of the beaker and content after 1 hour? Give reason for your
answer.
OR
(c) List any two information which make a chemical equation more useful.
Q38: A student was asked to investigate what happens when a piece of shiny magnesium
ribbon is added to copper sulphate solution. The apparatus was set up as shown below.
The mass was recorded at the start and again after one hour.

(a) Write the chemical equation involved.

(b) Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?
(c) What will be the mass of the beaker and content after 1 hour? Give reason for your
answer.
OR
(c) List any two information which make a chemical equation more useful.
Solution:

(a) Mg + CuSO4 → MgSO4 + Cu (1 Marks)

(b) Magnesium is a reactive metal. It combines with oxygen in air to form a layer of magnesium oxide on its surface.
Hence, it should be cleaned with a sand paper before burning to remove the oxide layer formed on its surface. (1
Marks)
(c) Mass of the beaker will remain Same…60.6 g, law of conservation of mass is being followed.
OR
(c) The physical state of the reactant and product, evolution of gas, precipitate formed. Reaction conditions like
temperature and pressure, catalyst.
Q39: Sudha finds out that the sharp image of the window pane of her science laboratory
is formed at a distance of 15 cm from the lens. She now tries to focus the building visible
to her outside the window instead of the window pane without disturbing the lens.
(a) In which direction will she move the screen to obtain a sharp image of the building?
(b) What is the approximate focal length of this lens?
(c) Draw an appropriate ray diagram for it
OR
(c) An object is placed 25 cm from a convex lens whose focal length is 10 cm. Find the
image distance.
Q39: Sudha finds out that the sharp image of the window pane of her science laboratory
is formed at a distance of 15 cm from the lens. She now tries to focus the building visible
to her outside the window instead of the window pane without disturbing the lens.
(a) In which direction will she move the screen to obtain a sharp image of the building?
(b) What is the approximate focal length of this lens?
(c) Draw an appropriate ray diagram for it
OR
(c) An object is placed 25 cm from a convex lens whose focal length is 10 cm. Find the
image distance.
Solution:

(a). Sudha should try to move the screen towards the lens to obtain sharp image of the buildings.
(b) The approximate focal length is 15cm.
(c)

OR
(c). Object distance, u = −25cm, Focal length, f = 10cm
From lens formula, v1 − u1 = f1
⇒ 1/v = 1/f + 1/u
⇒ 1/v = 1/10 − 1/25
⇒ v = 16.66cm