TOPIC 5

RADIAN MEASURE UPM p. 124

5.0 INTRODUCTION
THE CIRCLE SECTOR

h Chord -- a line that divides a circle into two parts

r Two parts are named segments -- minor segment (height h)
H -- major segment (height H)
Diameter -- chord through center of circle
Radius -- half of diameter

Minor segment
h 2 chord
1

Sector of a circle
r-h r
Major segment

CALCULATION OF THE LENGTH OF A CHORD, THE DIAMETER AND THE HEIGHT OF THE MINOR SEGMENT

EXAMPLES
1. Calculate the length of a chord of a circle with diameter 42mm, if the height of the (minor)
segment is 10mm.

10 1
2 chord = 212  112
= 320
11 21 = 17,889 mm
chord = 17.889*2=35,778mm

2. The length of the chord of a circle is 80mm, the diameter is 100 mm. Calculate the height
of the segment of the circle.

40 40 r-h = 502  402

=30
r-h 50 h = 50-30
= 20mm

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3. The height of the segment of a circle is 25mm, while the length of the chord is 70mm.
Calculate the diameter of the circle.

25 r2 = (r-25)2 +352
35 r2 = r2 –50r + 625 + 1225
r-25 50r = 1850
r r = 37mm
diameter = 74mm

EXERCISE 5.0
1. Calculate the length of a chord of a circle with a diameter 84mm and height of the minor segment 16mm.
2. A circle has a diameter of 120cm and a chord length of 20cm. Calculate the height of the segment.
3. Calculate the diameter of a circle with a chord, 40mm and height of the minor segment 10mm.
4. If the diameter of a circle is 9,6m and the length of the chord is 1,2m, calculate the height of the minor
segment and the height of the major segment.
5. Given: diameter of a circle 206mm; height of the major segment 19,6cm. Calculate the length of
the chord.
6. Given that the length of a chord of a circle is 11,2 cm and the height of the segment 4,2cm, calculate
the diameter of the circle and the height of the major segment.

5.1 DEFINITION OF A RADIAN

An angle is measured in degrees by means of a protractor.
An angle can also be measured in terms of radians.
In a circle sector:
A radian is the size of the angle at the center of the circle, subtended by an arc of the same length as the
radius of the circle.
length of circle arc
   in radians =
radius of circle
 r
s
  rad s
r

5.2 CONVERSIONS BETWEEN RADIANS AND DEGREES

Conversions
s 2 r
3600 =1 revolution = = = 2
r r
 3600 = 2 rad also: 1800 =  rad

1800 =  rad 10 = rad = 0.017 rad
180 0
 1800
900 = rad 1 rad = = 57.3o
2 

450 = rad
4

300 = rad
6

60 0 = rad
3

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EXAMPLES
1. Convert to degrees:
(a) 2 rad
1

180 =  rad
x= 0.5 rad
 90 rad  x rad
90
x  28.6

180 270
(b) 1,5 rad=1.5    85.9
 
2. Convert to radians:
2 5
(a) 120   rad  2.094 rad (b) 150  rad  2.618 rad
3 6
NOTE: Discuss accurate and approximate answers.
Y = mx+c p. 124 Ex 4A.1

5.3 THE RADIUS, ARC LENGTH AND ANGLE OF A CIRCLE SECTOR

EXAMPLES
1. Determine (in rad) the size of an angle subtended by an arc of 24cm where the radius of the circle is
8cm.
s 24cm
   3 rad
r 8cm

2. Determine the length of an arc that subtends an angle of 600, where the radius of the circle is 100cm.

60  rad
3
s  100
   s   r   100cm  cm  104.719cm
r 3 3

EXERCISE 5.1

1. Convert the following to radians:

(a) 2700 (b) 500 (c) 270 (d) 9,20
2. Convert the following to degrees:
(a) 4 rad (b) 1 rad (c) 7 rad (d) 0, 251 rad
3. Write the following angles in terms of  rad :
(a) 3600 (b) 1800 (c) 450 (d) 600
4. Calculate angle  in radians:

20cm 15mm 15m 15cm

(a)  9cm (b) (c) 2m  (d)  50mm
1,2cm


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5. Find :
(a) 3x (b)

r = 7cm

x
6. Complete the following table:
Arc length Radius  in Radians
15cm 7,5cm ?
? 200cm 2 rad
12m ? 0,6 rad

5.4 THE AREA OF A SECTOR

(given: radius and angle)

Area of circle =  r 2 …………..(1)

s
But  =
r
2 r
= ………..(circumference of circle)
r
= 2

 = ……………..(2)
2
substitute (2) in (1):

Area of sector = r 2 , r = radius,  = angle in radians
2

EXAMPLE
Calculate the area of a sector of a circle with radius 6cm and an angle of 600.

Convert 600 to rad: Area of sector = r 2
2

1800 =  rad = 12   6  6
3

600 = rad = 6  cm2 (exact)
3
 18,850 cm2 (approx)

EXERCISE 5.2
1. Calculate the area of a sector of a circle which has:
(a) a radius of 5m and an arc length of 1m.
(b) an included angle of 750 and an arc length of 180mm.
(c) an included angle of 2,5 rad and a radius of 10cm.

2. A sector of a circle has a radius of r cm and an area of A cm2. Calculate the included angle and arc
length if:
(a) A = 50cm2 and r = 8cm.
(b) A = 9cm2 and r = 25cm.
(c) A = 80mm2 and r = 7mm.

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3. Calculate the area of the shaded portion of the figures that follows:

(a) 2cm (b) 6cm

5cm
4cm 10cm

4. The area of a semi- circle is 8m2. Calculate the radius of the circle.

5. Calculate the cost to manufacture a plate as shown in 45 0

8cm
the figure, if the cost of the material of N$1,20/cm2. 8cm

6. Refer to the figure: A

(a) Determine AOB in rad 10mm

(b) Determine the arc AB O 400 C

(c) Determine the area of sector AOB.

B
(d) Determine the area of segment ABC.

UPM p. 124 Ex 4G (omit q 13, 17, 20, 21)

Y = mx+c p.123 - 125

23
For copies

EXERCISE 5.0
1. Calculate the length of a chord of a circle with a diameter 84mm and height of the minor segment 16mm.
2. A circle has a diameter of 120cm and a chord length of 20cm. Calculate the height of the segment.
3. Calculate the diameter of a circle with a chord, 40mm and height of the minor segment 10mm.
4. If the diameter of a circle is 9,6m and the length of the chord is 1,2m, calculate the height of the minor
segment and the height of the major segment.
5. Given: diameter of a circle 206mm; height of the major segment 19,6cm. Calculate the length of
the chord.
6. Given that the length of a chord of a circle is 11,2 cm and the height of the segment 4,2cm, calculate
the diameter of the circle and the height of the major segment.

EXERCISE 5.1

1. Convert the following to radians:

(a) 2700 (b) 500 (c) 270 (d) 9,20
2. Convert the following to degrees:
(a) 4 rad (b) 1 rad (c) 7 rad (d) 0, 251 rad
3. Write the following angles in terms of  rad :
(a) 3600 (b) 1800 (c) 450 (d) 600
4. Calculate angle  in radians:

20cm 15mm 15m 15cm

(a)  9cm (b) (c) 2m  (d)  50mm
1,2cm

5. Find :
(a) 3x (b)

r = 7cm

x
6. Complete the following table:
Arc length Radius  in Radians
15cm 7,5cm ?
24
 ? 200cm 2 rad
12m ? 0,6 rad

EXERCISE 5.2
1. Calculate the area of a sector of a circle which has:
(a) a radius of 5m and an arc length of 1m.
(b) an included angle of 750 and an arc length of 180mm.
(c) an included angle of 2,5 rad and a radius of 10cm.

2. A sector of a circle has a radius of r cm and an area of A cm 2. Calculate the included angle and arc
length if:
(a) A = 50cm2 and r = 8cm.
(b) A = 9cm2 and r = 25cm.
(c) A = 80mm2 and r = 7mm.

3. Calculate the area of the shaded portion of the figures that follows:

(a) 2cm (b) 6cm

5cm
4cm 10cm

4. The area of a semi- circle is 8m2. Calculate the radius of the circle.

5. Calculate the cost to manufacture a plate as shown in 45 0

8cm
the figure, if the cost of the material of N$1,20/cm2. 8cm

6. Refer to the figure: A

(a) Determine AOB in rad 10mm

(b) Determine the arc AB O 400 C

(c) Determine the area of sector AOB.

B
(d) Determine the area of segment ABC.

UPM p. 124 Ex 4G (omit q 13, 17, 20, 21)

Y = mx+c p.123 - 125

25