TRAINING ON ANTAM STANDARD CODE

For TESTING OF KNAPSACK MISTERS CUM DUSTERS

Theory 17: Noise Measurement Test

(Test Code Section IV(8) and D- 10 of Annex D)

2nd Training of Trainers on ANTAM Codes

16 - 28 October2016, Nanjing China
Fundamentals of noise measurement

p2
I  W / m2
c
 I=sound Intensity
 P=RMS value of acoustic pressure
 ρ = Density of air
 C= Velocity of sound in air

• MartyrA.J. and M.A. Plint 2007,Engine Testing Theory and Practice Third edition Published
by Elsevier Ltd
 I   p
dB  10 log10    20 log10  
 I0   p0 

 where I0 corresponds to the average lower threshold of audibility, taken by

convention as I0 = 10−12W/m2.

 10 log10 2=3.01 Hence 3dB means doubling of sound intensity

 The value on the decibel scale is often referred to as the sound pressure level
(SPL).
 Sound is propagated spherically from its source and the inverse square law
applies, and doubling the distance between the source of sound and point of
measurement results in a reduction in Sound Pressure level (SPL) of about 6 dB
(log10 4=0.602).

MartyrA.J. and M.A. Plint 2007,Engine Testing Theory and Practice Third edition Published by Elsevier
 Sound frequency

 The human ear is sensitive to

frequencies in the range from
roughly 16 Hz to 20 kHz, but the
perceived level of a sound
depends heavily on its frequency
structure.
 The well-known Fletcher–
Munson curves which gives
equal loudness contours on
frequency- sound pressure level
plane.

MartyrA.J. and M.A. Plint 2007,Engine Testing Theory and Practice Third edition Published by Elsevier Ltd
Octave Band

 An octave band is a frequency band where the highest

frequency is twice the lowest frequency. An octave filter
with a centre frequency of 1kHz has a lower frequency of
707Hz and an upper frequency of 1.414kHz. A third octave
has a width of 1/3 of that of an octave band.
The weighing scale

 Most instruments for measuring sound contain weighted networks

which give a response to frequency which approximates to the
Fletcher–Munson curves.
 Their response to frequency is a reciprocal of the Fletcher–Munson
relationship
 For most applications the A-weighting curve gives satisfactory results
and the corresponding SPL readings are given in dBA. B- and C-
weightings are sometimes used for high sound levels, while a special D-
weighting is used primarily for aircraft noise measurements,
Noise weighing curve
Equipment- Location
(IS 12180 (Part 1): 2000)

 The noise measurement test shall be conducted at the operator’s ear

level during the drawbar pull test.
 Sound level meter which meets at least the requirements of IEC 651-
1979 for a type 1 instrument shall be used.
 The noise shall be measured with instrument of A weighted expressed
in decibels set on slow level.
 The test area shall be a flat open space and shall be within at least 20 m
of the test machine. There shall be no obstacle likely to reflect
significant sound, such as building, solid fence, tree or other vehicle.

IS12180-1987-1995 METHOD FOR NOISE MEASUREMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS

Procedure
(IS 12180 (Part 1): 2000)

 The test shall be conducted at different drawbar loads in different forward speed
gears. The drawbar loads shall be applied by the loading device remotely
positioned to eliminate interference with the sound fields caused by the power
tiller.

 During the measurement, the microphone shall be horizontal and facing

forward. It shall be 5 cm to the side of the operator’s forehead and in line with
his eyebrows. It shall be mounted on an open frame helmet.

 The sound level measurements shall be made in all forward speed gears under
safety test condition. The results shall be reported in the gear giving the nearest
forward speed of 2km/h and also under any gear for which a sound level of at
least 1 dB (A) above that of the above mentioned gear was recorded.

IS12180-1987-1995 METHOD FOR NOISE MEASUREMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS

Calibration
IS : 12180 - 1987

The calibration of the equipment at the time of the measurements

shall be in accordance in all respect with IS : 9779-1981*. Calibration
shall be carried out at appropriate intervals and at least before and after
each measurement session using an acoustical calibrator with an
accuracy of ± 0.5 dB at a known frequency in the range 250 to 1 000 Hz.
The calibrator shall be checked annually to verify its output
and its initial calibration shall be traceable to a national standards
laboratory.
Environment
IS : 12180 - 1987

The wind velocity at microphone height shall not exceed 3 m/s. Care
shall be taken to ensure that wind effect does not distort the results.
Background Noise — The level of the background noise including wind
noise shall be at least 10 dB below the level measured during the test.
Where spectral analysis is required, the level of the background noise
shall be at least 10 dB below the corresponding level in each frequency
band as measured during the test.
Mounting the microphone
IS 12180 ( P8rt 1 ) : 2000 ISO 5131: 1998

For standing and pedestrian operators, the microphone

shall be mounted on an open-frame helmet worn on the operator's head or on
a shoulder harness. in such a way that the microphone axis is horizontal and
its diaphragm is 250 mm ± 20 mm to the side of the centre plane of the
operator's head, in the same vertical plane as his eyebrows and facing
forwards.
The side of the head chosen for the microphone shall be that for which the
higher sound pressure level is encountered. The operator shall continue to
face forwards during the noise measurement.
Measuring procedure
IS 12180 ( P8rt 1 ) : 2000 ISO 5131: 1998

Make at least three measurements at each microphone position,

as defined in clause 8. and for each operating condition. If the
spread of results of the A-weighted sound pressure level
obtained under the measuring conditions exceeds 3 dB. make
further measurements until the readings of three successive
measurements fall within 3 dB. Take the arithmetic mean value
of these three readings as the test result
Averaging readings
IS 12180 ( P8rt 1 ) : 2000 ISO 5131: 1998

Measure the level of the noise obtained with the tractor or machine operating as
specified in the appropriate annex. State the frequency weighting A and the time
weighting S settings of the meter clearly in reports of the measurements.
Take measurements after a 10s period of stabilized running.
When sound pressure levels fluctuate widely because of the characteristics of
the machine type and the 3 dB requirement for successive readings, specified
above, cannot be met, the number of separate measurements shall be greater than
the fluctuation range in decibels. Take the arithmetic mean as the test result.
Specification of sound level meter
Measurement of sound
Power tiller test Code Is 9935:2002 Vs ANTAM-2016

 Noise at By-Stander Position

• Noise at Operator’s Ear Level
 Power tiller test Code Is 9935:2002
 Only Noise at Operator’s Ear Level
 ANTAM 001-2016
Noise Measurement
ANTAM-001-2016(IS 12180 (Part 1): 2000)

The noise measurement test shall be

conducted at the
Operator’s ear level
During the drawbar pull test.
 Sound level meter
 IEC 651- 1979 for a type 1 instrument
 The noise shall be measured with
Instrument of A weighted
Expressed in decibels
Set on slow level.
Conditions
ANTAM-001-2016

The test area shall be

A flat open space
There shall be no obstacle within at least 20 m.
The air temperature
From -5 °C to 35 °C
Wind velocity shall not exceed 5 m/s at the operator's
position
Location of Microphone
ANTAM-001-2016

 For seated operators, the microphone shall be located 250 mm ± 20 mm to

the side of the center plane of the seat.
 The side being that on which the higher sound pressure level is
encountered.
 The axis of the microphone shall be horizontal and the diaphragm shall face
forwards.
 The centre of the microphone shall be 700 mm ± 20 mm above the seat
index point and 100 mm ±20 mm forward of that point.
 Excessive vibration of the microphone shall be avoided.
 The seat index point shall be determined in accordance with ISO 5353:
1995.
Location of Microphone
 Procedure
ANTAM-001-2016

The test shall be conducted at:

Different drawbar loads
In different forward speed gears.
The drawbar loads shall be applied by the loading device remotely positioned.

The microphone shall be horizontal ,Facing forward.

It shall be 5 cm to the side of the operator’s forehead and in line with his eyebrows.
It shall be mounted on an open frame helmet.
Measurement-Reporting
ANTAM-001-2016

The sound level measurements shall be made in all forward speed gears
under safety test condition.
The results shall be reported in the gear giving the nearest forward speed
of 2km/h and
Under any gear for which a sound level of at least 1 dB (A) above that of
the above mentioned gear was recorded.

The data shall be recorded in Annex D-10.

D-10.1 AT OPERATOR’S EAR LEVEL
D-10.1.1 Brief Description of the Silencing System
D-10.1.2 Background Noise Level, dB (A)
D-10.3 Sound Level Meter
Sound Level Meter
1) Type:
2) Make:
3) Model:

D-10.4 Date of Test

D-10.5 Atmospheric Conditions
a) Temperature, 0C
b) Pressure, kPa
c) Relative humidity, %
D-10.6 Test Data
No Gear Used Travelling Speed Engine Speed Slip (%) Drawbar Pull Sound Level
(km/h) (rpm) (kN) dB (A)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

1
2
3
4
5
6
Permitted exposure levels
IEC60804

Duration per Day - hours Sound level dB (A)

24 80
16 82
8 85
4 88
2 91
1 94
Sl.No Code Number
1 ANTAM Standard Code For Testing of Power Tillers 001-2016

2 Power tiller - Test Code- (2nd Revision) IS 9935:2002

3 Method For Noise Measurement of Agricultural Tractors IS : 12180 – 1987- Reaffirmed 1995

4 OECD standard Code for the official measurement of noise at the driving Code 5 July 2012
position(s) on Agricultural and Forestry Tractors

5 OECD Standard Code For The Official Testing Of Agricultural And Code 2 July 2012
Forestry Tractor Performance

6 Tractors and machinery for agriculture And forestry - noise measurement IS 12180 (Part 1) : 2000
method Of test ISO 5131 : 1996
Part 1 noise at the operator1s position - survey method

7 Tractors and machinery for agriculture IS 12180 (Part 2) : 2000

And forestry - noise measurement method ISO7216 : 1992
Of test Part 2 noise emitted when in motion
( first revision)

8 Indian standard electroacoustics — level meters IS 15575 (Part 1 ) :2005

Part 1 specifications IEC 61672-1 (2002)
(Superseding IS 9779: 1981)