Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BJT Biasing-Sowmiya
BJT Biasing-Sowmiya
BJT Biasing-Sowmiya
E
Table of Contents
The Bipolar Junction Transistor_ slide 3
BJT Relationships – Equations slide 4
DC and DC slides 5
BJT Example slide 6
BJT Transconductance Curve _slide 7
Modes of Operation_ slide 8
Three Types of BJT Biasing_ slide 9
Common Base_ _slide 10-11
Common Emitter_ _slide 12
Common Collector slide 13
Eber-Moll Model_ slides 14-15
Small Signal BJT Equivalent Circuit _slides 16
The Early Effect slide 17
Early Effect Example slide 18
Breakdown Voltage _slide 19
Sources slide 20
The BJT – Bipolar Junction Transistor
Note: It will be very helpful to go through the Analog Electronics
Diodes Tutorial to get information on doping, n-type and p-type materials.
The Two Types of BJT Transistors:
npn pnp
E n p n C E p n p C
npn pnp
IE = IB + IC IE = IB + IC
VCE = -VBC + VBE VEC = VEB - VCB
IB IE
VCB +
_ IC Find: IE , , and
IB
B
Solution:
+
VBE _ IE IE = IB + IC = 0.05 mA + 1 mA = 1.05 mA
= IC / IB = 1 mA / 0.05 mA = 20
E
= IC / IE = 1 mA / 1.05 mA = 0.95238
= = 20 = 0.95238
+ 1 21
BJT Transconductance Curve
Typical NPN Transistor 1
Collector Current:
IC IC = IES eVBE/ VT
8 mA Transconductance:
(slope of the curve)
6 mA
gm = IC / VBE
4 mA
IES = The reverse saturation current
of the B-E Junction.
2 mA VT = kT/q = 26 mV (@ T=300K)
= the emission coefficient and is
IC
Active
Saturation Region
Region
IE
Cutoff
IE = 0
VCB
Common-Base
VCE
IC IE
Circuit Diagram: NPN Transistor C E
VCB VBE
The Table Below lists assumptions
IB
that can be made for the attributes
of the common-base biased circuit
in the different regions of
+
_
_
operation. Given for a Silicon NPN B
VCB VBE
transistor.
Region of IC VCE VBE VCB C-B E-B
Operation Bias Bias
+ Active
VCC _ IB
Region
IB
Region of Description
Operation
IE IC
E C
RIC RIE
IF IR
IB
B
Eber-Moll BJT Model
R = Common-base current gain (in forward active mode)
F = Common-base current gain (in inverse active mode)
I C = F I F – IR IB = IE - IC
I E = IF - R I R
iB iC
B C
r iB
r = ( + 1) * VT iE
IE
@ = 1 and T = 25 C E
r = ( + 1) * 0.026 Recall:
IE = IC / IB
The Early Effect (Early Voltage)
IC
Note: Common-Emitter
Configuration
IB
-VA VCE
Green = Ideal IC
Orange = Actual IC (IC’)
IC’ = IC VCE + 1
VA
Early Effect Example
Given: The common-emitter circuit below with IB = 25A,
VCC = 15V, = 100 and VA = 80.
Web Sites
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0861609.html