JOGER WILLIS

Practice Problems 4 Chapter 2 CHE 151

Graham/07

1.) How many protons and neutrons are in the nuclei of 204Tl atoms? _81 protons___

_123 neutrons_

2.) What is the atomic number, mass number and symbol for the element that has
45 protons and 58 neutrons?

Z = 45 protons A = 103 ___Rh_____

(Atomic Number) (Mass Number) (symbol)

3.) Write the complete symbol for an atom with the following characteristics
39
a.) contains 19 electrons and 20 neutrons _19K_________
15
b.) nitrogen atom with 8 neutrons ____7N______
80
c.) bromine atom with a mass number of 80 _35Br________
201
d.) mercury atom that contains 281 subatomic particles ____80Hg____
42
e.) contains 20 protons and has a mass number of 42 20Ca_________
60
f.) cobalt atom with 33 neutrons _____27Co____
128
g.) iodine atom with 181 subatomic particles _53I_________
36
h.) sulfur atom with 52 subatomic particles ______16S____
238
i.) uranium atom with 146 neutrons _92U_________
65
j.) copper atom with 65 nucleons _______29Cu__

4.) Magnesium occurs in nature in three isotopic forms:

relative mass
24
Mg (78.70% abundance) 23.985 amu
26
Mg (11.17% abundance) 25.983 amu
25
Mg (10.13% abundance) 24.986 amu

Calculate the atomic mass of Magnesium from these data

24
Mg: 0.7870 x 23.985 = 18.876195 = 18.88 amu
26
Mg: 0.1117 x 25.983 = 2.9023011 = 2.902 amu
25
Mg 0.1013 x 24.986 = 2.5310818 = 2.531 amu
24.313  24.31 amu
5.) Calculate the atomic mass of titanium on the basis of the following percent
composition and isotopic mass data for the naturally occurring isotopes.

titanium-46 = 7.93% (45.95263 amu) x 0.0793 = 3.64

titanium-47 = 7.28% (46.9518 amu) x 0.0728 = 3.42
titanium-48 = 73.94% (47.94795 amu) x 0.7394 = 35.45
titanium-49 = 5.51% (48.94787 amu) x 0.0551 = 2.70
titanium-50 = 5.34% (49.9448 amu) x 0.0534 = 2.67
47.88 amu

6.) Natural samples of copper contain two isotopes. 63Cu has a mass of
62.930 amu and 65Cu has a mass of 64.928 amu. The percent abundance of
63
Cu is 69.09%. Calculate the atomic mass of copper.
% abundance 65Cu: 100.00% - 69.09% = 30.91%
63
Cu: 62.930 x 0.6909 = 43.48
65
Cu: 64.928 x 0.3091 = 20.05.6%7
63.55 amu

7.) The two naturally occurring isotopes of chlorine are 35Cl with a mass
of 34.9689 amu and 37Cl with a mass of 36.9659 amu. The atomic mass of
elemental chlorine on earth is found to be 35.46 amu. Calculate the percent
abundance of each of the two chlorine isotopes.

34.9689X + 36.9659Y = 35.46 amu X + Y = 1

34.9689X + 36.9659(1-X) = 35.46 amu Y = (1 - X)
34.9689X + 36.9659 - 36.9659X = 35.46 amu
34.9689X - 36.9659X = 35.46 - 36.9659
 (hundredth place)

35
-1.9970X = -1.5059  -1.51 X = -1.51 = 0.756 x 100 = 75.6% Cl
round
-1.997
37
1 - 0.756 = Y = 0.244 x 100 = 24.4% Cl
8.) Calculate the atomic mass of an element if 60.4% of the atoms have a mass of
68.9257 amu and the rest have a mass of 70.9249 amu. Identify the element
in the periodic table.
100.0% - 60 4% = 39.6%
0.604 x 68.9257 = 41.6
0.396 x 70.9249 = 28.1
69.7 amu = atomic mass of Gallium (Ga)

9.) Europium has two stable isotopes: 151Eu with a mass of 150.9196 amu and
153
Eu with a mass of 152.9209. If elemental Europium is found to have a
mass of 151.96 amu on earth, calculate the percent of each of the two isotopes
(with the correct number of significant figures).

Mass of Eu = (mass 151Eu)(% abundance) + (mass 153Eu)(% abundance)

X Y
X + Y = 1
Y = 1–X 151.96 amu = (150.9196)X + 152.9209(1 – X)
151.96 amu = 150.9196X + 152.9209 - 152.9209X
151.96 - 152.9209 = 150.9196X - 152.9209X
(2 decimal places)  -0.9609 = -2.0013X
151
X = -0.96 = 0.48 x 100 = 48% Eu
-2.0013
153
Y = 1 – X = 1 – 0.48 = 0.52 x 100 = 52% Eu
10.) How many electrons are in each of the following ions?

a.) Cu2+ ___27_____ b.) P3- __18______

11.) What elements readily form cations? ___metals____________

12.) What elements readily form anions? __non-metals_________

13.) Which members of group 14 (IVA) are classified as nonmetals?

________Carbon (C)________________________

14.) How much oxygen is required when 11.24 g of cadmium is converted to

12.84 g of cadmium oxide? ___1.60 g oxygen_________

Law of Conservation 12.84 g CdO

of mass -11.24 g Cd
1.60 g O

15.) The density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3, and the mass of a single gold atom is
3.27 x 10-22 g. How many gold atoms are present in a piece of gold whose
volume is 3.22 cm3 ?

3.22 cm3 x 19.3 g x 1 atom(Au) = 1.90 x 1023 atoms (Au)

1 cm3 3.27 x 10-22g