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Animalia Examples
Animalia Examples
Animalia Examples
C.. n
(Cntd
Antmalta Radial acoelomata
{Olulttcellul r) ---_;,;.;.;;,.;,;;.:.:.:;;.:;.;;;;;_ _ _-4[ Cl nophon
ra indicating u
Adams (Polyp
phylum - Ctenophora
4.2.3
[tCI1l
)phores. commonly known
.
as sea walnuts or comb jellies
, r:xclusively marine. radially symmetrical. diploblastic
'·tfl isms · l1 ti ssue 1eve1 of organisation. The body bears
wit
(11 ,,JI 1
, ,~11 e:xternal row~ of ciliated comb plates, which help in
1
t r- tion (Figure 4.8). Digestion is both extracellular and
lol'()1110
. tracellular. Bioluminescence (the property of a living
iJl anism to emit light) is well-marked in ctenophores. Sexes
:;: not separate. Reproduction takes place only by sexual
~ eans. Fertilisation is external with indirect development.
1
gxamples: Pleurobrachia and Ctenoplana.
(a) (b)
Figure 4.9 Exampl ot Platyhelminthes : (a) Tape worm (b) Uver fluke
2 p yl
, he body of the aschelminth
1
"' ertion. hence. the nam
cro~"
(f 1gure 4. I 0). They m_a! ~e fre
clrld 1
errec,tria1 or parasitic m plants
Roundworms have organ-system
orgamsatwn. Tuey are bilateran
1nploblastir and pseudocoelo:rna
Alimentary canal is complete
developed muscular pharynx. An
tube removes body wastes from th
through the excretory pore. Sexes
(dioecious), i.e., males and females
Often females are longer than males
is internal and development may be
young ones resemble the adult) or
C 4 10 Examples : Ascaris (Round Worm
(Filaria worm). Ancylostoma (Hoo
-Locusta3,A)CU
- Umuius (King crab
um- ollusca
eseconcl
4 13) ._yu.,n.~..;;,
( \)
P um hinod rmata
The-se anuu,lls hm e ,m endoskeleton of calcareous osstc}
.=md. hence. the name Ec-hinodennata (Spiny bodied, Fi
4 14}, All are marine with organ-system level of organtsatto
The adult erhinodenns are radially symmetrical but l
.lre bilaterally symmetrical. They are triploblastic
coelomate anhnal~. DigestiYe system is complete With mou
on the lower (Yentral) side and anus on the upper (dor
side. The most distinctiw feature of echinoderms is
presence of water vascular system which helps
locomotion. rapture and transport of food and respirati
An excretory system is absent. Sexes are separa
Reproduction is sexual. Fertilisation is usually exte
De, elopment is indirert \\ith free-swimming lruva.
Ex,il11ples: Asteria..c; (Star fish). Echinus (Sea urchin), Ant
Sea lily), Cucwncuia (Sea cucumber) and Ophiura (Brtttle s
0 Phylum Hemichordata
Hemichordata was earlier considered as a sub-phylum
• I t I
phyltm1 Chordata. But now it is placed as a separate phy
under ion-chordata. Hemichordata have a rudimen
structure in the collar region called stomochord, a stru
similar to notochord.
This phylum consists of a small group of wo
marine arunals with organ-system level of organisation.
are bilaterally symmetrical. triploblastic and coelo
animals. The body is cylindrtcal and is composed
anterior proboscis. a collar and a long trunk (Figure
CirculatoI) system is of open type. Respiration talces
tbrough gills. Excretoiy organ is proboscis gland.
separate. Fertilisation is external. Development ts·
Examples: Balanoglossus and Saccoglossus.
42 1
· l Phylum - Chordata
Figure 4.15 Balanog ssus
Animals belonging to phylum Chordata are
charac1er1
55
Non-chordates
tral ,., d
b-,,en
rsa.1 f prec:.
taJ.: c:. ab~nt
Crochordata
~e'"' I t three
r Tunicata.
-
Vertebrata
and
~ n re.erred t as
::-:.ire 4 1 - and are
rdata n ochord
~ Le ·n -\-\·
head tail
u merrhfe. D- Do\
Ase d a Salpa
~ at.a - Bran wstoma
e
~ bp . um \'ertebrata
unn::- the embf} omc
rd 1s replaced b~ a
· vertebral column m the
es are chordates but
ebrates Beside:::. the Figure 4.17 Ascidia
rs , ertebrates ha, e a
Vertebrata
I
DIVI ton
Gn ,tho tomata
OJcar Jaw)
I
super Class
I Tetrapoda
r= (bear limbs)
Pisces
(bear fins) I
I Class
Class 1. Amphibia
Class
clostomata 1. Chondrichthyes 2. Reptilia
2. Osteichthyes 3. Aves
4. Mammals