Civil Republic

Service Institute
of Somaliland

Chapter Four
Planning And Decision Making

Student Information
Name :- Mohamed Mohamud Mahamed
St-ID :- CSI-ACC-60 Class : B
Deparment :- Accounting & Finance
Class :
Planning And Decision Making
Planning
Planning Is a Process Is A Think About And Organizing Activities Achieving Desired Goals Or
Objectives

Classifications Of Planning
1. Based On Nature : Formal /In-Formal .
2. Based On Duaration : Long Term Plan / Short Term Plan
3. Based On Level Of Management : Operational Plan / Technical Plan / Stragetic Plan
4. Based On Repetitiness : Standing Plan / Single Use Plan

Charactristics Of Planning
1. Mental Activities
2. Primary Management Functions
3. Faturistic
4. Dynamic Or Flexible
5. Goals Oriented Objectives

Decision
Decision : Is A Choice Made From Two Or More Available Alternatives

Decision Making
Decision Making : - Is The Process of Choosen The Best Alternative

Types Of Decision Making

1. Programmed Decisions : Routine Problems
2. Un-Programmed Decisions : Noval Problems

Programmed Decisions
 Well Structured
 Routine
 Information Available
 Taken At Lower level
 Short-Time Frame
 Set Used Procedures
Un-Programmed Decistions
 Poorly Structured
 New
 Little Information
 Judgement

Decision Making Conditions

1. Certainty / Every Thing Is Known
2. Risk / Estimation Is Available
3. Un-Certainty / No Thing Is Known

Steps Of Decision Making

1. Recongnize Problems
2. Identify Alternatives
3. Select The Best One Root
4. Impliment The Decision

Barries to Good Decision Making

1. Decision Frame
2. Issue of Time
3. Illustration Of Control
4. Phychological Biases

Approaches Of Decision Making

1. National Model
2. Bounded Rational Model
3. Plotical Model
4. Esclation Of Commitment Model
5. Group And Individual Model
- Group
- Brain Storming
- Delphi
- Nominal

End Chapter