DS 520 WEEK 7 BENCHMARK

Total Points: 50

Title: Statistical Scenario Generator

Objective:
Create ONE statistical scenario for educational purposes or research. The scenario
should be meaningful and instructive.

The focus is on inference for distributions, specifically the concepts of:

one-sample t confidence interval
one-sample t-test
two-sample t-test

Key Prerequisites/Steps:

1. Understanding the Concept: Before you can create a statistical scenario, you should
have a solid understanding of the statistical concept or procedure you want to
illustrate. This includes understanding the theory, assumptions, and practical
applications of the concepts taught this week.

2. Select the Statistical Technique: Choose ONE of the statistical technique or

procedure, whether it's one of the hypothesis testing, or confidence intervals.

3. Define the Objective: Clearly define the learning objectives you want to achieve
with the scenario. Determine what you should be able to understand or do after going
through the scenario.

4. Data Collection: You need data to create a scenario. You will generate made-up
data using the website https://numbergenerator.org/. These numbers will be the data
you use for the statistical analysis.

5. Sample Size: The sample size affects the precision of your statistical analysis.
Ensure to select a size to be meaningful but manageable. Review the requirements
used for t-tests from the slide deck.

6. Context and Realism: Make the scenario relatable and realistic. A scenario that
connects with your experiences is often more engaging.
7. Data Description: Include a brief description of the data, specifying what variables
you are working with and how they were measured. This helps to understand the
dataset.

8. Hypothesis or Question: Clearly state the research question or hypothesis you want
to address. This forms the basis for your statistical analysis.

9. Statistical Software: Solve your scenario using the data analysis technique in Excel.
Review the formulas from the slide deck.

10. Interpretation: Write an interpretation of your results.

Sample Scenario:

The one-sample t-test is used to compare the mean of a sample to a known or

hypothesized population mean and determine whether there is a significant difference.

Imagine you are a food scientist testing the sugar content of a particular brand of
breakfast cereal. The manufacturer claims that the cereal contains, on average, 8
grams of sugar per serving. You've collected measurements of the sugar content in 10
randomly selected servings and want to determine if the actual sugar content differs
from the manufacturer's claim.

Here are the 10 random sugar content measurements generated by the website:

8.1 7.9
8.2 8.0
8.4 7.8
8.1 7.7
8.3 8.5

Null Hypothesis (H0): The population mean is equal to the hypothesized value (8
grams of sugar in our scenario).

Alternative Hypothesis (Ha): The population mean is not equal to the hypothesized
value.

Performing the One-Sample T-Test using Excel.

 1. Calculate the sample mean: Sum all sugar content measurements and divide
by n.

2. Calculate the sample standard deviation: This measures how spread out the
data is.

3. Set the level of significance: Common values are 0.05 or 0.01, depending on
the desired confidence level.

4. Calculate the t-statistic using the formula

5. Find the degrees of freedom which is equal to the sample size minus.

6. Find the critical t-value(s) for your chosen alpha and degrees of freedom.

7. Compare the calculated t-statistic with the critical t-value(s) to determine if

the null hypothesis should be rejected or not.

Interpretation:

- If the calculated t-statistic is greater than the critical t-value(s) at your chosen
significance level, you can reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a
significant difference between the sample mean and the hypothesized population
mean.

- If the calculated t-statistic is not greater than the critical t-value(s), you fail to reject
the null hypothesis, indicating no significant difference.

Submission:
Submit as a PDF document. Make sure to name the file clearly, e.g.,
"Week_7_Benchmark_YOURINITIALS.pdf."

Creating a statistical scenario can be a rewarding way to teach and learn about
statistical concepts. With careful planning and attention to the prerequisites listed
above, you can design scenarios that effectively convey the principles and techniques
of statistics.