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Prince of Persia

Prince of Persia is a video game


franchise created by Jordan Mechner. It
is centered around a series of action-
adventure games focused on various
incarnations of the eponymous Prince,
set in ancient and medieval Persia.
Prince of Persia

Genre(s) Cinematic
platformer
Action-adventure

Developer(s) Broderbund
Red Orb
Entertainment
Avalanche Software
Ubisoft Montreal
Pipeworks Software
Gameloft
Ubisoft Quebec
Ubisoft Pune

Publisher(s) Broderbund
The Learning
Company
Mattel Interactive
Ubisoft
Gameloft

Creator(s) Jordan Mechner


Platform(s)
MS-DOS, Android,
Java ME,
Microsoft Windows,
iOS, Xbox, Xbox 360,
Amiga, Apple II,
Atari ST, Dreamcast,
Master System,
FM Towns,
Mac OS X,
Game Boy Advance,
Game Boy Color,
GameCube,
Nintendo DS,
Nintendo
Entertainment
System,
PlayStation 2,
PlayStation 3,
PlayStation
Portable,
SAM Coupé,
Genesis, Super NES,
TurboGrafx-CD,
Wii, NEC PC-9801,
Sharp X68000,
Amstrad CPC, Game
Boy, Sega CD,
Macintosh, Game
Gear, BlackBerry,
Nintendo 3DS

First release Prince of Persia


October 3, 1989

Latest release Prince of Persia:


Escape 2
August 25, 2022
The first two games in the series, Prince
of Persia (1989) and Prince of Persia 2:
The Shadow and the Flame (1993), were
published by Broderbund. Prince of Persia
3D (1999), named for being the first
installment to use 3D computer graphics,
was developed by Red Orb Entertainment
and published by The Learning Company
on PC; the Dreamcast version was
developed by Avalanche Software and
published by Mattel Interactive. Ubisoft
bought the rights to the franchise in 2001
and rebooted it with Prince of Persia: The
Sands of Time (2003). Ubisoft has since
developed and published four additional
entries in the series: Prince of Persia:
Warrior Within (2004), Prince of Persia:
The Two Thrones (2005), Prince of Persia
(2008), and Prince of Persia: The
Forgotten Sands (2010), as well as a
number of spin-offs and games for
mobile devices.

Outside of the games, the franchise also


includes a film adaptation based on The
Sands of Time, written in part by
Mechner, and released by Walt Disney
Pictures in 2010; a graphic novel; and the
Lego Prince of Persia toyline. Ubisoft's
Assassin's Creed franchise is considered
to be the spiritual successor to the
series.[1][2][3]
Games

Original trilogy

The first game in the series was created


by Jordan Mechner after the success of
Karateka. Drawing from multiple general
sources of inspiration, including the One
Thousand and One Nights stories,[4] and
films like Raiders of the Lost Ark[5] and
The Adventures of Robin Hood,[6] the
protagonist's character animation was
created using a technique called
rotoscoping, with Mechner using his
brother as the model for the titular
prince.[7] The original Prince of Persia,
Release timeline
Original continuity
The Sands of Time continuity

Reboot continuity
1989 Prince of Persia
1990
1991
1992
1993 The Shadow and the Flame
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999 Prince of Persia 3D
2000
2001
2002 Prince of Persia: Harem Adventures
2003 The Sands of Time
2004 Warrior Within
The Two Thrones
2005
Battles of Prince of Persia
2006 Prince of Persia Trilogy
2007 Prince of Persia Classic
Prince of Persia
2008
The Fallen King
2009
The Forgotten Sands
The Forgotten Sands (Wii)
2010
The Forgotten Sands (Nintendo DS)
The Forgotten Sands (PSP)
2011
2012
The Shadow and the Flame
2013 (remake)
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024 Prince of Persia: The Lost Crown
TBA The Sands of Time (remake)

with its more than 20 platform ports, is


one of the most ported games in video
game history.[8][9]

Mechner enrolled in New York


University's film department, producing
an award-winning short film during his
time there, before returning to design and
direct a sequel to the original game.[10]
The sequel, Prince of Persia 2: The
Shadow and the Flame, was developed
internally at Broderbund with Mechner's
supervision. The game, like its
predecessor, received critical acclaim
and high sales. Broderbund was
subsequently purchased by The Learning
Company,[11] which was later acquired by
US game company Mattel Interactive.[12]
In 1999, Prince of Persia 3D was
developed and released under
Broderbund's Red Orb label.[10] Released
for PC and the Dreamcast only,[13] it was
criticized by many users as being buggy,
and was a commercial
disappointment.[10] The
Broderbund/Learning Company's games
division, the assets of which included the
Prince of Persia franchise, was
subsequently sold to Ubisoft.[14]
The Sands of Time series

Mechner, who owned the Prince of Persia


intellectual property, was brought in to
work with Ubisoft on a reboot of the
franchise, titled The Sands of Time,
although he was originally wary after the
failure of Prince of Persia 3D.[15] The
team they worked with was also working
on Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: their aim
with the game was to "breathe new life
into the action-adventure genre".[16][17]

Mechner did not take part in the


production of the next game, Prince of
Persia: Warrior Within, and he commented
on finding the dark atmosphere and
heightened level of violence
unappealing.[18] The changes also
provoked mixed reactions from critics,
but sales were strong and a third game,
eventually titled Prince of Persia: The Two
Thrones, went into production.[19] For The
Two Thrones, the developers and artists
tried to strike a balance between the
light, cartoon-like tones of The Sands of
Time, and the grittier mediums of Warrior
Within.[20]

A fourth installment in The Sands of Time


series, Prince of Persia: The Forgotten
Sands, was released in May 2010.[21] The
Windows, Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3
versions of the game filled in some of the
narrative gap between The Sands of Time
and Warrior Within, whereas the PSP, Wii,
and the DS versions each feature their
own alternative storylines. The game was
released as a tie in to The Sands of Time
film adaptation.[22]

Trilogy collection

The Prince of Persia Trilogy (known as


Prince of Persia Trilogy 3D on the
remastered collection's title screen) is a
collection of The Sands of Time trilogy
released on the PlayStation 2 and
subsequently on the PlayStation 3 as
part of the Classics HD range.[23] The
collection includes The Sands of Time,
Warrior Within and The Two Thrones, all
previously released on the PlayStation 2,
Xbox and Microsoft Windows. The
games were remastered in high-definition
for the PlayStation 3 with 3D and
PlayStation Network Trophy support on
one Blu-ray Disc. The PlayStation 2
collection was released on October 27,
2006, in Europe, while the remastered
collection was released on November 19,
2010, on Blu-ray in PAL regions. The
release marks the first Classics HD title
to not be published by Sony Computer
Entertainment.

In North America, the three games were


originally released separately as
downloadable-only titles on the
PlayStation Store. The first, The Sands of
Time, was released on November 16,
2010, while the other two games
followed in December.[24] The Blu-ray
version was to be released in North
America on March 22, 2011[25] but the
collection ended up being delayed until
April 19.

Prince of Persia 2008 reboot series

In 2006, concept designs surfaced


hinting at another entry in the
franchise.[26] The game, titled simply
Prince of Persia, is a second reboot of the
franchise, with its level and combat
design harking back to the original 1989
game.[27] The game was released in
December 2008, receiving positive
reviews from most video game outlets
and decent sales.[28] Alongside the main
game, Ubisoft's Casablanca branch
developed a direct sequel and spin-off for
the Nintendo DS, titled Prince of Persia:
The Fallen King,[29] which received fair
reviews.[30][31][32][19]

Spin-offs and remakes

The first spin-off of the series was


developed alongside and released in the
same year as The Two Thrones for the
Nintendo DS. Battles of Prince of Persia is
a real-time strategy game set between
The Sands of Time and Warrior Within.[33]
It received mediocre reviews from
critics.[34][35]

In 2007, Gameloft and Ubisoft released


Prince of Persia Classic, an enhanced
remake of the original Prince of Persia for
Java ME, Android, iOS, Xbox 360 (XBLA),
and PlayStation 3 (PSN).[36] The visual
style was upgraded to resemble Prince of
Persia: The Sands of Time, and the Prince
himself was given some additional
moves, such as the ability to roll, backflip,
wall jump and stop time briefly during
combat. However, the core gameplay
remains the same as the original – the
player must defeat Jaffar within one hour
while watching out for the many traps
and defeating the guards they encounter.

There have been a number of mobile


games for Java ME-based phones
developed by Gameloft, some based on
older PC or console titles with 2D
graphics and others loosely based on
contemporary games but with 2D
graphics and different gameplay due to
technology constraints. Gameloft has
also developed some ports for both the
iPhone and the iPad.[37] The first spin-off
by Gameloft was titled Prince of Persia:
Harem Adventures, released for Java
phones in 2003.[38] Specifically, the
company has developed HD remakes of
the original Prince of Persia in 2007,[39]
and its sequel The Shadow and the Flame
in July 2013.[40][41]

In 2018, Ubisoft under the banner of its


entity Ketchapp released Prince of Persia:
Escape,[42] a mobile game for Android
and iOS. It is a runner game made up of
different levels,[43] and the player can
customize the protagonist with outfits
from past games. Reviewing for Pocket
Gamer, Cameron Bald called Prince of
Persia: Escape a "mundane game
crushed under the weight of excessive
greed".[44] In August 2022, a follow-up,
Prince of Persia: Escape 2, was
released.[45]

At Summer Game Fest 2023, Ubisoft


announced Prince of Persia: The Lost
Crown.[46]

Future plans

In 2012, leaked images from a project


entitled Osiris were assumed to be the
next Prince of Persia title.[47] Jordan
Mechner even commented on his Twitter
account that the images were not from a
Prince of Persia game.[48] A year later,
Yannis Mallat, CEO of Ubisoft Montreal,
said that the franchise was being
"paused", saying that "as soon as we
have something to show, we will".[49] In
the following months, Ubisoft confirmed
that it was either planning or considering
next-generation entries in multiple
franchises, including Prince of Persia.[50]
A video uploaded by a Ubisoft Montreal
artist in 2012 but only discovered in 2020
showed a gameplay trailer for Prince of
Persia Redemption which would have
been released for Windows, Xbox 360,
and PlayStation 3.[51] According to
Jonathan Cooper, a former Ubisoft
animator at the time, the trailer was a
mockup of the planned gameplay for the
title created by Khai Nguyen, used to
pitch the game concept. The game never
developed beyond that point, though the
work on the pitch trailer was used to
prepare a similar trailer for Assassin's
Creed III for Ubisoft.[52]

A remake of the Sands of Time, formally


announced at Ubisoft Forward 2020, was
originally scheduled for release on
January 21, 2021, for Microsoft
Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One,
but Ubisoft delayed the remake
indefinitely.[53] In its quarterly financial
report, Ubisoft stated that the remake
was expected to be out sometime during
its 2022–23 fiscal year.[54] The remake's
development was moved to Ubisoft
Montréal, a change from Ubisoft Mumbai
and Ubisoft Pune. The company said the
2023 fiscal year release target was no
longer being targeted.[55]

Canceled and unreleased


games

Prince of Persia Redemption

In May 2020, test footage from an


unfinished Prince of Persia game
appeared online on YouTube and later
confirmed by former Ubisoft developers.
The game was in-development in early-
2010s.[56][57]
Adaptations

Graphic novel

Jordan Mechner finished writing the


story for a graphic novel in 2007. The
novel was written by A.B. Sina, and
illustrated by Alex Puvilland and LeUyen
Pham. It was released by First Second
Books in autumn 2008.[58][59] The story
follows two Princes, jumping between
the 9th and 13th centuries. Although it
belongs to the franchise the plot is not
related to any of the game continuities or
that of the 2010 film.[60]
Film adaptation

In 2010, a film adaptation of The Sands of


Time was released by Walt Disney
Pictures. Starring Jake Gyllenhaal as
Prince Dastan, it would go on to receive
mixed reception, but still gross $336
million in theaters.[61] Besides The Sands
of Time, the film also incorporated
elements from Warrior Within and The
Two Thrones, the two other titles from the
Sands of Time trilogy of the Prince of
Persia video game franchise.

Upon the film's release, it was


accompanied by Before the Sandstorm, a
2010 one-shot comic book published by
Disney Publishing Worldwide. This comic
serves as both a direct prequel and
sequel to the feature film, and explains
the motives and backgrounds of some
characters. It was written by Jordan
Mechner and featured illustrations by
Todd McFarlane, Niko Henrichon, David
Lopez and Bernard Chang.

Lego Prince of Persia was released by


The Lego Group in 2010, as part of the
company's strategy to produce sets
based on Disney properties.[62] Based on
the feature film, Lego released six sets
within the theme, as well as a short
animated movie, before discontinuing
it.[63][64]
Reception

Awards

The success of the Prince of Persia


series resulted in Guinness World
Records awarding the series 6 world
records in the Guinness World Records:
Gamer's Edition 2008. These records
include First Motion-Capture Animation
in a Video Game and Highest Rated
Platformer on PS2 and Xbox.

Impact and legacy

South Korean singer-songwriter Kim


Kwang-Jin released the song 'Magic
Castle', with lyrics inspired from the
storyline of the original Prince of
Persia.[65]

In 1992, Russian author Victor Pelevin


wrote a book called A Werewolf Problem
in Central Russia and Other Stories, in
which there is a short story called "Prince
of Gosplan". The story is greatly
influenced by the game; the main hero of
the story lives in a mixed reality of the
real world and video games and
identifies himself as Prince of Persia. He
tries to understand if his life is real or if
he is just seeing it on a computer
display.[66]
The feel of the gameplay in Tomb Raider
was intended to evoke that of the original
Prince of Persia.[67]

The Assassin's Creed series originated


out of ideas for a sequel for Prince of
Persia: The Sands of Time. Its critical and
financial success led Ubisoft to request
Ubisoft Montreal to develop a sequel,
aiming for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation
3. The Ubisoft Montreal team decided on
taking the gameplay from The Sands of
Time into an open world approach, taking
advantage of the improved processing
power to render larger spaces and
crowds. Narratively, the team wanted to
move away from the Prince being
someone next in line for the throne but to
have to work for it; combined with
research into secret societies led them to
focus on the Assassins, heavily
borrowing from the novel Alamut.[68] They
developed a narrative where the player
would control an Assassin that served as
a bodyguard for a non-playable Prince,
leading them to call this game Prince of
Persia: Assassin. The "Animus" device
allowed them to explain certain facets of
gameplay, such as accounting when the
player fails a mission, in the same way
they had done in The Sands of Time.[68]

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External links

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