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t@L i4 &3 i &23 î t@L Lt 4L4i?|Lt _@t T@h|>U*@t ?U@t L ?|i}h@?_L |i4Lt @
E&3 n&3 n^3 %n
i TL?i?U@*c i Td 2 2 oc î tih@ ?|i}h@_@ ^@?_L 3ih4Lt @ |h@?tuLh4@_@ _i
6Lhih @?@*L}@ @ î uL ui|@ ?L U@T>|*L WWc L ti@ u@hi4Lt tL _@ |h@?tuLh4@_@
]
g 3 %n
h 3 '
7Eg _%n 7 %n e 2 c EV
TLh|@?|Lc UL4L hit*|@_L |ihi4Lt 4@ L|h@ _i*|@ _i #h@Uc î ULhhitTL?_i @ UL?
tih@U@L _i g 3 |L|@*c L ti@ g 3 ' g3 n ^ 3 ,t|@ i @ *i _i UL?tih@U@L _@ i?ih}@ ?@
uhi?|i _i *3c ti?_L g3 @ i?ih}@ |L|@* ?U@* i ^ 3 L 4L4i?|L |h@?tuih_L Ti*L uL|L? N4
L|hL @tTiU|L _@ _i*|@ i @ hi_U@L _i 4@t 4@ ?|i}h@U@L U@?_L @Ti?@t @ ?|i}h@* i4
&23 U@4@_@ _i 4L4i?|L _@ T@h|>U*@ itTiU|@_Lh@ Wt|L ti _ii @L u@|L _i @ULT*@h4Lt L
U@4TL _i u?_L @ T@h|>U*@ c TLh|@?|L @ T@h|>U*@ 2 @Ti?@t LMtih@ itti @ULT*@4i?|L
#@ |h@?tuLh4@U@L EV |i4LtG

] ]
h 3 ' e
e
_&23
7Eg _^ 3 8 E^ 3
HZ &2n Egn &2n Eg n &2n
6
2Eg3 &23 n ^ 3 8c
3 3 62 30 62 30 3 62 30
z 3 2 z 3 z
Eg &2 g n 3&n E& &n Eg &2 g n 3&n
2 2 2
DS
UL4 g3 ' &3 n &23 c g 3 ' &23 n &3 c &3 &3 ' ^ 3 c 62 z ' &2z n 62 UL4 ' c 2c
UL4TL?i?|i _L LTih@_Lh _i ULhhi?|i a 3 i LM|_@ @ T@h|h _L LTih@_Lh R 3 î it|@
hiThiti?|@_L Ti*L UL*Ui|i ?@ ,ÊVec TLh|@?_L

]
_&23
R3 ' ff EVe
&n Egn &2n Eg n &2n
2Eg3 &23 n ^ 3
62 30 62 30
c
Eg 3 &3 nz n E&3 2zn Eg 3 &3
62
z 30
n
2 g 3&2 2 &2 2 gn 3&2
L?_i ff ' E3HZe i 4@ UL?t|@?|i î UL?|i4 |ih4Lt hit*|@?|it _@ ?|i}h@U@L i4 %n i
_@t ?|i}h@ULit i4 &3 i &3 >?_Ui t}?U@ 4 U@4TL i |ih?L i L >?_Ui ?uihLh f
?_U@ î ?@L @ |hLU@ _i MLtL?t j
?|i}h@* i ui|@ t@?_Lti L |iLhi4@ _i @U) ?L T*@?L UL4T*i L &23 i i4 _@t
hi}Lit T@h@ &2n c L?_i i4 T@h|U*@h t@4Lt ^n : fc _it|@ uLh4@ |i4Lt îG U f &2n
g n t TL*Lt t@L &23 ' z&n T@h@ Th4ih@ hi}@L

&2 n62
gn g n i UU f gn &2n
2
Eg 3&2 2z n62
_i ?|i}h@U@L i &23 ' g 3 Eg 3&2 n T@h@ @ ti}?_@ @h@ L Th4ihL ?|ih@*L EUc L
hit*|@_L ?@* iG
EewEgn &2n wE&n

RU3 ' EVD
e&n Egn &2n Eg n &2n Eg 3 2z 30
62 62
z 30
n
&2
gn
n
3&2

3 622z 3
2 g n n ^
&2

2 30 62 30
c
Eg 3 2zn nz n
6
&2 g 3 &2
L?_i 62z ' Eg &2 2z n 62 c 622z ' &22z n 62 c 62z ' Eg &2 2z n 62
Vi4Lt ?@ ,ÊVD î @ ThLT@}@U@L }*LM@* _i _Lt ULhTLt T@h@ L u|hL @?|it i
_iTLt _@ ?|ih@U@L UL4 L U@4TL i |ih?L L it|@_L ?U@* @ i?ih}@ |L|@* ?@ uhi?|i _i
*3 i g3 #iTLt _@ @MtLhU@L _L uL|L?c Lt MLtL?t ThLT@}@4ti UL4 4L4i?|Lt &3 c &23 i
i?ih}@ |L|@* ?@* g 3 ' g3 n ^ 3

D.
@*U*@?_L TLh ?|i}h@* _i hit>_Lt @ ,ÊVe T@h@ @ ti}?_@ hi}@L EUU |ihi4Lt
L|h@ UL4TL?i?|i _L LTih@_Lh R 3 c _@_@ TLh
EewEg n &2n wE&2n gn wE&n

RU3U '
e&2n E&2n gn Eg n &2n 2z 30
62 62
z 30
Eg 3 &2
n gn
n
3 &2

3 3 62z 3
2 g g n n^
g &2n

2 30 62 30
EVS
Eg 3 g 3 z n nz n
6
gn 3 &2 &2 3g
Mtih@4Lt î L LTih@_Lh EVS |i4 4@ ThLT@}@U@L ?L it|@_L ?|ih4i_@hL _i
T@h|>U*@ i @?|T@h|>U*@ _@_@ TLh Eg 3 g3 z 3

62 z 62
3&n 3gn U@ i?ih}@ _@

gn
n
&2
2
62 z n n
@?|T@h|>U*@ i n
&2

3gn wi4Mh@4Lt î T@h@ % : f i & : f |i4Lt 4@ ThLT@}@U@L
T@h@ L u|hL @tL UL?|h@hLc T@h@ %n f i &n f |ihi4Lt @?|T@h|>U*@t ThLT@}@?_Lti
T@h@ L T@tt@_L T@h|>U*@ |i4 4@ i?ih}@ ?@ uhi?|i _i *3 _@_@ TLh

n 2 2
g & z n 6 ' 6z c
2
&3 '
2
EV.
gn &2n gn &2n
?L U@tL _@ ti}?_@ hi}@L _i ?|i}h@U@L |i4Lt gn &2n f î ?Lt *i@ @ &3 fc
L ti@c |i4Lt 4@ ThLT@}@U@L T@h@ L T@tt@_L _i 4@ @?|T@h|>U*@ i4 4 |i4TL ?@
uhi?|i _i *3 %n fc î ULhhitTL?_i @ @?|T@h|>U*@ u>tU@ ThLT@}@?_Lti T@h@ uhi?|i ?L
|i4TL
L_i4Lt ?|ihThi|@h itti hit*|@_L UL4L 4@ ThL_U@L _i T@h i4 4 |i4TL ?@
uhi?|i _i *3 @?|ihLh @ %n ' fc î i L ?t|@?|i _i |i4TL ?U@* _i?_L ?L T*@?L
?*L }h@ EV 4Lt|h@ L _@}h@4@ ULhhitTL?_i?|i @L LTih@_Lh RU3 i @ }h@ EV2
L _@}h@4@ ULhhitTL?_i?|i @L ThLT@}@_Lh RU3U Vi4Lt ?itt@ }h@ î i4 4 |i4TL
@?|ihLh @ %n ' f |i4Lt 4 ThL_U@L _i T@h _i_L @L uL|L? #tU|hi4Lt 4@t @_@?|i
@ 4TLh|@?U@ _@ ,ÊVS T@h@ @ UL@h@?U@ _@ ULhhi?|i i*i|hL4@}?i|U@ ?L hiuihi?U@*
_i hi|
DH
V2 Lhhi?|i a .
UL4TL?i?|i _@ ULhhi?|i a n T@h@ _Lt MLtL?t ThLT@}@?_Lti T@h@ L u|hL _L T*@?L
?*L i U@*U*@_@ _i uLh4@ ti4i*@?|i @ tiU@L @?|ihLh UL4 @ _uihi?U@ _L @ULT*@4i?|L

3< {Y3
tih @}Lh@ e Y%3 Y%3 c TLh|@?|L L ThLT@}@_Lh _i _Lt MLtL?t ?L U@4TL _i u?_L i
Y
_@_L TLh
] ]
n 3 ^ 3 %n
7 % 3
' e _^ 8 ^ _%n e3 2

n
n Y7 E%
n n Y7 E%n %n
7 % % 3 7 % 3 72 %n
Y% Y%
6@3i?_L @ ?|i}h@U@L i4 %n i @ |h@?tuLh4@_@ _i 6Lhihc |i4Lt

]
h 3 ' ff _&23
7Eg _^ 3 8 E^3 EVH
&2n Egn &2n Eg n &2n
6
n
2Eg &2n n^ n
8
Eg3 &2n
62z 30 3 62
2z 30 Eg 3 &3 62z 30
g
n

3&2n E&2 n
&2 2 g n 3 &2
n
t ThLUi_4i?|Lt T@h@ L U@*U*L _@ ?|i}h@U@L @ |iLhi4@ _i @U) i4 &23 t@L
}@t @Lt t@_Lt T@h@ @ ULhhi?|i a 3 Lh|@?|L |i4Lt _@t UL4TL?i?|it T@h@ @ ULhhi?|i
a n c 4@ T@h@ U@_@ hi}@L _L T*@?L UL4T*i L &23 UL4 @ TLtU@L _Lt TL*Lt _i?_Lt Ti*Lt
?|ih@*Lt f &2n gn gn i f gn &2n g n +it*|@?_L
EewEgn &2n wE&2n

RUn ' EVb
e&2n Egn &2n Eg n &2n Eg 3 62
2z 30 z 30
62
n
&2 gn
n
3&2

2 gn &2n n ^ n

c
Eg3
62
2 zn30 62nz 30
g 3 &2
&2
n
Db
n EewEg n &2n wE&2n gn

RU U ' EVf
n n n n n
e&2 E&2 g Eg &2 Eg 3
62
2z 30 z 30
62
n
n
&2 gn 3 &2

2 gn &2n n ^n

Eg 3 g 3
62
z 30 62 3
z 0
gn 3& n
2 &23
n gn

_uihi?U@ i?|hi Lt LTih@_Lhit RU3 c RU3U i RUn c RUnU it|@ ?Lt ?4ih@_Lhit _i EVb i
EVf î TLtti4 UL4TL?i?|i n ?L *}@h _@ UL4TL?i?|i i^@U@L ,ÊVb
|i4 @Ti?@t ThLT@}@U@L _i T@h|>U*@c |@?|L @?|ihLh UL4L TLt|ihLh @ ?|ih@U@L UL4 L
U@4TL i |ih?L @ ,ÊVf i t|i @ ThLT@}@U@L _i 4@ T@h|>U*@ i @?|T@h|>U*@
Uh@_@ Ti*L uL|L? _L U@4TL i |ih?Lc @?|ihLh @L |i4TL %n ' fc UL4L LULhhi ?L LTih@_Lh
RU3U
V Lhhi?|i aB
UL4TL?i?|i |h@?tiht@* _@ ULhhi?|i i*i|hL4@}?i|U@ T@h@ L it|@_L *}@_L _i _Lt MLtL?t

3< {3
i LM|_@ _i uLh4@ @?@*L}@ @ ,ÊV L?_i L @ULT*@4i?|L _ih@|L i _@_L TLh e Y %Yz Y%Yz
ThLT@}@_Lh 7E%n _L tt|i4@ _i _Lt MLtL?t i4 4 U@4TL i*i|hL4@}?i|UL _i u?_Lc
UL4 UL4TL?i?|i |h@?tiht@ @Ti?@t i _@_L TLhG

] ]
n 3 ^ 3 %n
7 % 3
' e _^ 8 ^ _%n e3 2 EV

n n
n Y7 E%
n Y7 E%n %n
7 % % 7 % 72 %n
Y%z Y%z
W?|i}h@?_L i4 %n i U@*U*@?_L @ |h@?tuLh4@_@ _i 6Lhihc |ihi4Lt

]
h 3 ' ff _&23
7Eg _^ 3 8 E^3 EV2
&2n Egn &2n Eg n &2n
6
2Egz &2z n ^z 8
3 3 z 3
620 3 62 30
z 3 3 62 30
z
Eg &2 g n 3&n E&2 &n Eg &2 g n 3&n
2
2 2 2
Sf
t hi}Lit _i ?|i}h@U@L i4 &2n î _i|ih4?@4 @t TLtULit _Lt TL*Lt i4 &23 t@L U
f &2n gn g n i UU f gn &2n g n Th4ihL ?|ih@*L ULhhitTL?_i @
T@h|>U*@ itTiU|@_Lh@ it|@h ?@ U@4@_@ _i 4@tt@ i L TL*L î UL?|hM T@h@ @ ?|i}h@U@L
i4 &3 i _@_L TLhG

&2 n 62 0
&23 ' z c
&2n
TLh|@?|L T@h@ itti Th4ihL ?|ih@*L i4 &2n c |i4Lt L LTih@_Lh
EewEgn &2n wE&2n

RUz ' 30 EV
e&2n Egn &2n Eg n &2n Eg 3 62
2z z 30
62
n
n
&2 gn 3&2

2 g &2n z n ^z

30 30
Eg3
62 62
2z z
n
&2 g
n

3&2n
W?|i}h@?_L T@h@ L ti}?_L ?|ih@*L |i4Lt
z EewEg n &2n wE&2n gn

RU U ' EVe
n n n n n
e& E&2 g Eg &2 Eg 3
62
2z 30 62 z 30
n
n
&2 gn 3 &2

2 g &2n z n ^z

Eg 3 g 3
62
z 30 62
z 0 3
gn 3& n
2
n gn
&2 3

L?_i L hit>_L uL U@*U*@_L ?L TL*L
Eg &2 2z n 62 0
&23 ' g 3
Eg &2 n
LTih@_Lh RUzU UL?|i4 @ ThLT@}@U@L _i 4@ T@h|>U*@ i 4@ @?|T@h|>U*@ ?@ Thiti?U@

3 i Rn
_i 4 U@4TL _i u?_L UL4L UL4i?|@_L T@h@ Lt LTih@_Lhit RUU UU
V2 LhhiU
@L _i |hLU@ _i 4 M
LtL? ?|ih4i_
@hL
?LttL LMi|L i it|_@h @ ULhhi?|i i*i|hL4@}?i|U@ ?@ @ThL 4@U@L _i itU@_@ T@h@
_?@4U@ _i?_@ ?@ uhi?|i _i *3 6@hi4Lt ULhhiU@L @ ULhhi?|i ?@ Lh_i4 }2 i tiT@h@hi4Lt
L |ih4L î ULhhitTL?_i @ Uh@U@L _i T@h Ti*L U@4TL i*i|hL4@}?i|UL

S
V2 Lhhi?|i a
@ }h@ EV @Thiti?|@4Lt L _@}h@4@ î hiThiti?|@ _Lt MLtL?t ThLT@}@?_Lti _i
%n ' f @|i %n : f UL4 4@ ?|ih@U@L UL4 4 U@4TL i |ih?L n i4 %n i UL4 @ |hLU@
_i 4 MLtL? j i?|hi %n n
i %2 ULhhiU
@L @ UL4TL?i?|i _L LTih@_Lh _i ULhhi?|i
i*i|hL4@}?i|U@ tih@
] ] 3 n
n 3 3 n 3 ^ 2%
{7 % ' e _^ 8 ^ _%n n
_%2 _% e 7S E%n %n
2 EVD
n n
n n
n Y72 E% % n
n
n Y7 E% %
7 % % 72 E% %
Y%n Y%n
7D E%n n n n
2 % 7e E%2 7 E%
Vi4Lt î uLh@4 @UhitUi?|@_Lt 4@t ThLT@}@_Lhit ?@ ,ÊVc i i4 T@h|U*@h
?|hL_34Lt @ ThLT@}@U@L 72 E%n %n

î
i @ ThLT@}@U@L _i 4 MLtL? _iTLt _@
@MtLhU@L _L MLtL? j i4 %n n
c î TLt|ihLh4i?|i ?|ih@}i UL4 L U@4TL i |ih?L i4 %
UL4TL?i?|i a 3 _L LTih@_Lh _i ULhhi?|i ULhh}_L ?@ Lh_i4 }2 i LM|_L @T@h|h _L LTih@_Lh
ULhh}_L Ti*@ |hLU@ _L MLtL? jc {R}32 c î it|@ hiThiti?|@_L Ti*@ U@it #iTLt _@t
?|i}h@ULit i4 %n n n
c %2 c % i _@ |h@?tuLh4@_@ _i 6Lhihc |ihi4LtG
]
_R3 _,3 d2Eg3 ,3 n ^ 3 o
{R}32 ' f EVS
Egn Rn Egn ,n Eg n ,n Rn E,n Rn ,n

30 30 62 30

Eg 3 R3 nz Eg 3 ,3 nz Eg 3 ,3 Dnz n
6 2 6 2
g 3 Rn g 3, n g 3,

c
ER3
62
2z 30 z 3n0 E,3 62ezn30
E,3 R3 ,nj3
62
Rn R ,
L?_i it|@4Lt _i??_LG & ' g Rc &2 ' Rc & ' g ,c &D ' g ,c &e ' , i &S ' &j '
, Rc i |@4Mi4 f ' 3E3HE2

eE} 2 S
Z 2
L?_i L >?_Ui it|@ ?_U@?_L 4@ |hLU@ UL4 4 MLtL?
?|ih4i_@hL #i?4Ltc |@4Mi4c 62 z UL4L @?|ihLh4i?|ic ti?_L î 62jz ' &j2 z n 62j
S2
6}h@ VG hLT@}@U@L _i _Lt MLtL?t i4 4 U@4TL _i u?_L
6}h@ V2G hL_U@L _i 4 T@h T@h|>U*@@?|T@h|>U*@ Ti*L U@4TL _i u?_L
6}h@ V G AhLU@ _i 4 MLtL? j i4 4 U@4TL _i u?_L

S
4TLh|@?|i *i4Mh@h î UL?t|@?|i f i hit*|@_L _Lt ThL_|Lt

i &j3 ' ,3 R3 ,
i?|hi Lt u@|Lhit _i U@_@ _Lt ThLT@}@_Lhit UL@h@?|it _@ ,ÊWWfc _L u@|Lh e _L
@ULT*@4i?|L _L U@4TL i |ih?Lc _L u@|Lh E}2 i _Lt u@|Lhit _iULhhi?|i _@t ?|i}h@ULit
î ThL_3i4 @t _i*|@t _i #h@U
+itL*ih itt@t ?|i}h@t ?@L i 4@ ?L_@_i T@h@ ?Ltc i*@t t@L @t 4it4@t _Lt U@T>|*Lt
@?|ihLhit 5@Mi4Ltc |@4Mi4c î |i4Lt î |*3@h L 4i|L_L _i tiT@h@U@L i4 uh@ULit
T@hU@tc TLt ti |*3@h4Lt L 4i|L_L _i @U) _hi|@4i?|i ?@L tiT@h@h4Lt @t ThLT@}@ULit
?|ih4i_@h@t ?Lt it|@_Lt _i |hit i ^@|hL ULhTLtc L î 4TLttM*|@h@ @ ?|ihThi|@U@L
_L _@}h@4@ UL4 @ _i?|U@U@L _Lt ThLT@}@_Lhit }*LM@t _Lt it|@_Lt ?|ih4i_

@hLt
t ?|i}h@t i4 &3 t@L ui|@t t@?_Lti L |iLhi4@ _i @U) t TLtULit _Lt TL*Lt
i4 &3 _iTi?_i _i tit hi}Lit _i &n î t@LG
@ f Rn ,n gn g n UL4 ^ n : f hit*|@_L ?@* iG
EeE}2 wERn wE,n wE,n Rn wEgn ,n wEg n gn

{R}@23 '
H Egn Rn Egn ,n Eg n ,n Rn E,n Rn ,n
5 6
2
62
z n ^ 3 3 62 z 62
jz
2g Rn ,n 3Rn n ^
2 3
7 g33,
n n
3 3 3 n 8
g 'f Eg `f Eg 3 ~f3

c EV.
g3 gU3 g 3 gf3
L?_i |@4Mi4 _i?4Lt
R2z n 62 0 Eg R2z n 62 0

'3
f ' n c EVH
Rn gn Rn
,2 n 62 0 Eg ,2z n 62 0
`f3 ' z n c EVb
,n gn ,n
R2z n 62 0 Eg ,2z n 62 0
~f3 ' n n
Rn g n ,n
E, R2z n 62j 0
n c EV2f
,n Rn
Se
R2z n 62 0 Eg ,2z n 62 0

gU3 ' n n
Rn gn ,n
ER ,2z n 62j 0
c EV2
,n Rn
,2 n 62 0 Eg ,2z n 62 0
gf3 ' z n EV22
,n g n ,n
t _@}h@4@t hiThiti?|@?_L @ ,ÊV. t@L 4Lt|h@_Lt ?@ }h@ EVe ?LttL LTih@_Lh

EV. ?U* @t ThLT@}@ULit _i |hit ULhTLt _@_@t TLh 3 3g 3 i TLh
g g 3 3~f3
U
M f ,n Rn gn c itt@ hi}@L |i4 UL4L hit*|@_LG
EeE}2 wERn wE,n wERn ,n wEgn Rn wEg n gn

{R}K3
2 '
H Egn Rn Egn ,n Eg n ,n Rn ERn ,n ,n
% &
2Eg3 ,nez n ^ 3
62

g3 '3f Eg3 `f3

c EV2
g 3 g 3 dR ' ,o g 3 g 3
U f
UL4 |hLU@ i4 gU3 _i R TLh , Vi4Lt î |i4Lt @Ti?@t 4 ThLUittL TLtt>i* T@h@ itt@
T@h@ itt@ hi}@L _i Rn i ,n c TLt @ @?^*@U@L _L MLtL? j @UL?|iUi i4 4 |i4TL ?@ uhi?|i
_i *3 %n n
@?|it _L @ULT*@4i?|L UL4 L U@4TL i |ih?L i4 % }h@ EVD 4Lt|h@ itti
_@}h@4@
t ThL 4@t hi}Lit _i Rn i ,n TLttM*|@4 @ ThLT@}@U@L _i @?|T@h|>U*@tG
U f gn ,n Rn g nc f ,n gn Rn g n itt@t hi}Lit ?@L UL?|hMi4
T@h@ ?|i}h@U@L
_ f gn Rn ,n g n L LTih@_Lh {R}_23 ?itt@ hi}@L i
EeE}2 wERn wE,n wE,n Rn wE,n gn wEg n gn

{R}_23 '
H Egn Rn E,n gn Eg n ,n Rn E,n Rn ,n

3 62Dz 3
2E^ n n^
g 3 ~f3 g 3 gf3 g ,n

c EV2e
^ ~@ ^ g@3
3 3 3
SD
L?_i
E, g 2z n 62 0 Eg ,2z n 62 0
g@3 ' n c EV2D
,n g n g n ,n
ER g 2z n 62 0 Eg ,2z n 62 0
~@3 ' n n
Rn g n g n ,n
E, R2z n 62j 0
n EV2S
,n Rn
@ }h@ EVS it|@ hiThiti?|@_L L _@}h@4@ T@h@ itti LTih@_Lh {R}_23 c UL?|i?_L @
ThLT@}@U@L _i T@h|>U*@t i @?|T@h|>U*@t t ThLT@}@_Lhit ^3 3~ 3 i ^3 3g 3 |i4 ThLT@}@U@L

@ @
_i T@h|>U*@ i @?|T@h|>U*@ ?L it|@_L ?|ih4i_@hL U@ @t i?ih}@t t@L

3
E, g 2 n62
z 30
,n 3gn
i
3
ER g 2 n62
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