O MPABHOS MPMPOAM NPECYMNUWJE HEBAHOCTM I, FOCTABJbAHbE MPOB/IEMA Mpecymnuyja HesHHocth nojasmyje ce npen nyt y 4a. 9. Mexna- payuje npasa YoBeka x rpatjaHuia 1789. roanne.' Yuna je w y Onuity Aeknapaunjy o npasnma uosexa, Hojy je 10. aeuemOpa 1948. roaune uarnacana Texepanva cxynuiTuna Opraxvsauuje yjeanrbenux Haunja* Oy npecymnujy caapiie u un. 6, ct. 2, Esponcke KOHBeHUMje 0 3a- UITHTH NpaBa 4OBeKA HW OCHOBHUX GnoGoAa OA 4. 11. 1950, Kao n Me- HyHapoqHn nakt o rpahatcxum “ nonmHTH4KnM mpapuma oA 16. 12. 1966. r. y un. 14, cr. 2. (anaes # ap Bora Saarapuh, Jbyacka npasa W jyrocnoseHicKo KpMBNYHO MpaBo, Apxis sa npasHe MW apyurrsene Hayke, 1968/4, ctp. 521). Yaanya hemo je TpaiKuTn y NO3MTHBHOM KpH- BuYHO-NpollecHom npasy MHorMx esponcHux rpahjaHoHNx apHasa. Fran- ois Gorphe objaumbasa opy nojasy Henoctojasem norpeGe 3a yHo- luetbe npecymnuvje HeamHocTH y saKoH. OH nue: ,.Y KpHBMYHO} Ma- Tepiijm NocTojx jeava npecymnunja Koja je OcHOBHa, Mako Huje yHe- ceva y 2avox. To je mpecymnuyja HesMHocTH Ha OcHoBY Koje TepeT Bowasa Naga Ha TyMMO\WZ, CyMiba KOpMcTA oNTyMeHOM Hora TpeGa CMarpaTm 3a HeBMHOF AOK npoTHB ibera He GyAe MspeveHa npaBo- chaiva npecyaa. To Haveno AuuHe rapaHunje, y BesH Ca ONUITOM 10- 1 Uz, 9 naacu: ,lomro ce sa cnaxor ‘oneka mpernocranma ya je ue~ bint Rox ce Me Mpormacn 3a KDuwor, To y cayuajy uyzuocra weronor SaTBa~ para cBaka czporocr Koja wrje uyzmia 3a oGesGeheme (sa cyq) merose mH HoeT, Mopa Glens CIpHKTHO KaxNBa m0 saKolly." 24x, 11. eran 1. Jlexnapayuja mpermsha ya ,cpaxo Ko je ontymen 3a piano geo Mata Hpano Ae ce CuaTpA HeBMEUIM OK ce Ha OCHOBY 3aKOHA PMBMUA He TOKAKe Ha jasuoM mpeTpecy wa Kojem je mac ewe raparTuje Horpesue ga Cvojy oGpany." Ipod. Bajep je yxasao wa norpedy za ce wer pen mponve npanumusje npenexe. (Bua: ap Baammexp Bajep: Hpernocras Ka OKDiayewkone Hemmocrn y jyrociopenckom pyeyiom nocrymy SGopuvx Tpannor caxyarera y BarpeSy, 1960, 6p. 3—4, exp. 188). Haur no- Ryulaj Mpenoza raack: 3a cpaxor Ko je oury2xen 3a KpuBHuHO Aeno sta ce mpemocrasim™ a je nesvM 70x ce Ha OCHOBy SaKONA KpyEMaa He 7O- axe na joniom inperpecy Wa Kojem je smtao cse rapairije morpeOue 3a ceojy onbpany." 4 49TuHoM Aowasa, MapaMeHo je... pewnma: Actori incumbit probatio; actore non probante, reus absolvitur. Mako noctoja Hakea cyMia Beno Hnje AoKesaH0. Mpema Tome Hnje NoTpeGHo ga TaNea jeaHa npe- cymnuyja Gyae yHecena y aaKou."? Karl Schiifert uerwve: ,,Tavossaia npetnoctasia HeauHoctn Koja, HenspeueHa, nein y ocHoan C 7 MO (BGH, 14, 358), nojavasa waveno Aa Bako KPMBMYHO nocTynOsHO Mpaso Mopa BoAMTH payyHa nO OupHBRmeHMYNMa KOjM cy HeBHHM (BGHSt 20, 281, 283). Ona wenn Npe casera cnet” qa Hexo Gye TpeTupaH Kao BUH Ges ROKa- AHOCTA WweroBe NPHBILE y SaKOHGKH perynncaHoM noctynHy (B. Vert. GE 22, 265; BGH NIW 1975, 1831)." Heinz Zipf sactyna muuimere ga je: .y Kopuct oTnymeHor Ba- Neha npetnoctasia HeannocTh (yn. ua. 6 TI Esponcke KoHBeHunje © sauTHTH Mpasa YoBeHa M OcHOBHNX cnoBoAa) ONoEprHyTa TeX OHAa kaga_je HesasMcal cya yTepaMo ApHiasHO opnawheme Ha KasHy.” Theodor Kleinknecht? varnawasa: ,,M Taxoasava npetnoctaaka HeBuHOCTH je SacHOBaHa Ha MpwHuuny npasHe aprase (un. 6 KOH penunje)." Hans Heiner Kiihne? wsaoqu ua npecymnunje Hesunoctn cne- Aehu stavajan sanmyyax: ,OcnoGahajyha npecyna He cme aa byae y TeHOpy cHaOAeseHa AOMAUKMA, HAO WTO Cy YoNeA HEAOCTATHa AOKAzA, 1 YONA HEAOBOMHO YTeMeReHe cyMise", ,.260r AOKasaHe HeBMHOCTHM™ wan 3 MpaBHUX pagnora”, jep ce Tame OHA penaTususupa. Yonen 3a- HOHE npeTnoctasxe a. 6 IT Esponche KoHBeHuMje o aauTHTH npaga Moneka H OcHOBHHX cnoboAa Ha TeMemy cyAcKe npecyae nocroje ca- MO KH M HEBHHM, 2 He M HeBMH Ca MpHAPHaHeM KDMBIbE, Na TAKEe chopmynayyje Hpwe ywTupann un. 6 II.” Y UleajyapcrMm EpHBHYKHM nocTynuMMa RAM NpecyMnunja He- BMHOCTH HAO MHGTHTYT, Hoja je CaM no CeOM pasyMmuB M ONWTe NPA 3HaT, Mako HUje MpM4NTO HOpMUpaH.® Y ua, 383. Hpnsnuno-npoueckor saKonnna ApMiaae Hoyjopx (CAA) croju: .fipemnoctasma ce ja je ocoba oxpasmena sa ugBpuleibe KpH- BMYHOF Ela HEBMHA AOK ce He AOKAHe OBpHYTO; a y cay4ajy pasym- He cyMibe 0 ToMe Aa MH je HberoBA BHHOCT AOBOMHO AOKasaHa, OM MMA npaso ga Gyae ocnoGotjen oa Kpmsise.” Yn, 26. Ycrasa PenyGauKe Hy6e og 1940. roauve npoxnawmpa: ,Okpnomenn ce cMatpa HeaMHuM ce OK ce npoTus Ikera He AoHece ocyhyjyha cyacka npecyaa.” tna Sanaay va Uctoxy nojasmyiy ce npasnuun, counonoan n KpmumHonosn Koj# ce npoTuBe oBoj npecymnunju. TaHo Hanp. I. Calli- son’ Tepau: ,,Teopyja 0 npecymnunjA HeBMHOCTH jana ce Kao @yHK- uuja, YucTa MW enemeHTapHa. To je jeaHa of Tunw4Hux Gecmucanua an- 8 Frangois Gorphe: L'appréciation des preuves en justice, Paris, 1947, 4 Strafprozessrecht, Berlin — New York, 197, p. 7. 5 Strafprozessrecht, Berlin — New York,’ 1977, 'p. 20. { Sirafprozessonining, Milnchen, 1979, p. 4. 7 Strafprozesslehre, Kéln am Rhein, 1978, p. 333. s Peter Huber, Die Stellung des Beschuldigten — insbesondere seine Rechte — in der Strafuntersuchung, Ziirich, 1974, p. 72—75; J. Graven, La protection des Droits de Yaccuse dans les proces penal en Suisse, Revue de droit penal et de criminologie, T. 43/1963, p. 267. #J. Callison: Courts of Injustice, Foyjopx, 1956, exp, 214. P.4, 50cypannx npasnnunux teopyja.” G. Williams'® usname: ,[pecymn- uujm Hema mecTa He CaMo Y eHTeCKOM Hero M y KOHTHHeEHTANHOM npouecy, jep ce npema anuy NosBaHom Ha KpMBUUNY OATOBOPHOCT Tpe- Ga ogHocuTm onpesHo, nowTo Ha wera yxaayje npct nogospeisa.” B. C. Tanesocjai' cmarpa aa .,...npecyMnuja HesMHocTH Hije NOT pebtia copjetckom npoyecy”. Vako ce aytop yHanpea Opa oA exer tyanHor npuropopa fa 3actyna npecymnunjy BuHOCTH, TO je y CTBApA tauno. C. A. Tonyrickn,? noapmasajyhu LWapkosa, pesouyje aa Kpn- suuHO-NpoYecHO Npaso Mopa CanpitaBaTA CBE KOHKpeTHe rapaHunje ApoB npHeTpacHor nipuctyna OXpuBeeHOMe m onacHocTH aa Gyze ocyheHo HeauHO Avue. Mehytum, yHowere npecymnuje HeBAHOCTH y Saxo eMatpa AeHlapatuBHom cbopmynayvjom, ca yCnOBHYM oMi- Gnom, ToanKo HapaKTepnctu4HMM 3a GypxoacKo npaco. ,Osaj Ha 4H Ge VcKOpMuhaBa Sa MaCKMpalbe HCTHHCKe HnacHe cyWITAHe Byp- woackor npaga." Kao ancrpaxtay npasiy copmynaunjy 6es npak- TwuHe BpeAHOCTH NocMaTpaiM cy Npecymnuyjy HeBMHOGTH A. Moxn- yea," M. A. Yemuos" w H. Ja. Kanauhnioga.® Hacynpot opakaum crasoaima jeaxor Gpoja Kpnem4HonpouecHAx TeopetmHapa y WCTONHOeEpONcKUM COUjanncTH4KHM aeMmaMa 3aHO- HOfascTBO Ce OpHjeHTMUe Ha HOpMMpatbe npecymnunje HEBUHOCTH. Tako, cr. 2, § 2. 3KM UCCP oapehyje: Cae ok npasocHaHtiom npecygom He Syae yrepheva auHoct OxpHBmeHor 3a MsBpWIelse KPH BuuHOr AeNa, OH Ce He CMe CMaTpaTH Kao KpuBau.” Cam4an je caap- maj ct. 2. un. 14 SHI HPB w wa. 65. 3KN CPP, tao 4 YnaHa 160. Yora- ga CCCP u 4a. 2, 7, 14, 36 n 43. OcHosa Kpusnunor noctynra CCCP. Un. 3. SKM HPM raacu: ,,Hito ce He CMaTpa KpHBMM AOK nuTaibe Oo Heeroao) KPMANYHO) OAFOBOPHOCTA He GyAe pelueHO NpaBocHaMHiom CYACHOM oaayxom.” Cr. 2 § 6 SKM APH nponneyje: ,HnKo He Mome GuTH CMatpaH BMHWM 3a VsEpUIerbe KDMBMYHOF AeNA CBE AOK HeroBa kpHanuva OAroAopHOcT He Gyme AOKasaHa M yrapheHa npasocHaHlom ognyHom. Y cyMibM MMa ce OAAyYMTA y KOPMCT OKPMBLeHOr WAM one tymenor.” Cr. 3. YaaHa 2. 3HM HPI Hopmupa: ,Ontymexne ce He cMaTpa KpHBHM AOK My KDMBHUA He GyAe AoKasaHa Ha HauMH npeA- eufen oaum Sakonmnom” (naj nocnemtn una npeseo Msiua Kpa- mapwh, 3akonvk o KpuevuHom noctynky HPI, Cucax, 1979, crp. 1). Y wayum jyrocnorerickor HpHeusHor npouecHor npasa npow. AP Bajep (op. cit., crp. 185) us80qM nocrojabe npecymnunje HeBuHocTH M3 TeHcTa Yn. 203, ct. 2 SHM wT. 3. un. 321 3HMl-a. ,OBa asa npo- nuca 3Kil-a y meljycoHo} cmmcneHoj sesa caapie npernoctasny 18 G, Williams: Proof of guilt, Jlonzom, 1958, cmp. 127. 4B. C. Tagenccjan: K sonpocy 06 yetanosmemm matepyanion nent conercxom Mpoyecce, ,ConercKoe rocyaperso x npano", 1948, Ho. 8, exp. 71. 12°C. A. Tosyxekst: Homa octosi yroaosior cyqonporsozerna Cojysa CCP x cojyaux Pecny6t. Conerckoe rocynaperso m mpaso, 1959/1, erp. 54; Bonpoes AokaaaremcreHHoro mpaua B OcHopax yrososuor cygonpow'saox- ema CCCP, sonpocu cynoyerpoxema 1 cyqonpoNSHOACTBA B _HOBOM 3aKoHO- garenerse ‘CCCP, M., 1958, crp. 133-136. 1D TIporvm pesvigyouerHcKEX yBPAMeHAL MapKeHeT#eIKO~seNHCKOTO yuemja 0 rocygaperne 1 upane, M. 1958, crp. 34. 1 Conerexim yrononmar mponece, M. 1969, cmp. 95-96. 18 OGecrevensie oSaisacMoMy pana ua JauTATy, Vuerme samucen Biy- om, pum. 6, M, 1959, exp. 167. o 51OKPHBLEHHHOBE HEBUHOCTM y HaWeM KPMBHYHOM NpouecHOM npapy.” (Cana cy to ua. 218, cr. 2, un. 316, cr. 5 3KM). nllpetnoctaska OKpHBReHMHOBe HEBHHOCTH y HalleM npasy HMA Aakne mBoctpyxo sHavelbe. Ona c jeqhe cTpaNe ogpefyje aa Ha OkpMameHNKy y ToKY NpOUeCA AOKASHBalwa He eM TepeT AOHaSa, ac Apyre ctpate ompefyje Kaxsy he oanyny aonujeTH cya y cny- uajy Aa Ha Kpajy npoueca He GyAe AoKasaHo aa je oKpMamenuk xpms.” (ctp. 185), yon. w ,JyrocnaseHcKo KpMBM4HO Npo\yecKo npaso", Il, 3erpe6, 1978, ctp. 30. Mpoc. T. Bacumesuh'® oppuye noctojane npecymnuyje HesnHocta. Tawra Mapnua (HoMetap Ha saKoHor sa KpweMuHaTa nocTanKa, Chonje, 1978, ctp. 7) cmatpa qa ua. 3 SKM-a npecymupa HeBMHocT OKPMBALEHOF, anv M HerOBy BUHOCT, ,,a NOBHATO je WTO je TO npecymn- uuja 4 Kaeo je wero AejcTB0. Oo nponsnasn on AMKUNje ..He MoHe 6uTM cMaTpaH KpHBMM" 3a pasnMKy Om aMKUMje ,cmatpa ce Aa je Henn" Koja je ynorpedrena y Onuwiroj Aexnapaunjn o npasmma YoBe- ka Opranusaunje Yjequiennx Hapoga on 10. 12. 1948." Aparony6 Aumutpujesuh (Kpneu4Ho-npoyecio npaso, 1976, Beo- rpag, cTp. 131) Harnawasa aa je: .,Y nojam oxpusnexor yrpahera NpetnoctasHa HesMHocTH. Ha Taj HauHH nojam je A06K0 y cBojoj ca- ApiajHoctn, jep Ba Apetnocraska Kasyje na HAKO He MoMme GUTH CMTapaH KpHBUM 3a KPMBMUHO AeAO, AOK Ce TO He yTSpAM npaso- cHaiitiom npecyaom (4A. 181. cr. 4. YJ). Hao oGenexje oxpnemeror Oa 4yBa MouTOBaHbe NpeMa HeroBoj AMYHOCTH, OTKNalba CBakY NpeA- pacyay M AOnpuHOcH HeroBo] pasHonpaBHoctH y copy ca TyHMOUeM." Vis npecywnunje HesnHocti HenoopeaHo npowsnasn jeaaH Apyra cto Taxo BpNO BaMaH NpuHuWN: in dubio pro reo. ,.ApvHuMn in dubio pro reo je jeaaH om Hajsaninjax nownuina YnTasor KpHBHY Hor npouecior npasa.""" Kern Haeoq aa oH noTH4e m3 puMcKOr npa- za (corpus iuris civilis) 4 ywtupa KaHOHCKO npaso: actore non pro- bante reus absolvitur, Schorn'® d@opmynnue oB0 Ha¥eno Ha cnegehn Haun :,,AKO cyauja Hije noTnyHo yGeleH, aHo HecasnannuEo cyMiba Y NPABUAHOCT UMILEHHYHAX yCTAHOBetsa M He MOHe, ynpKoc ynoTpeGH Tloctojehwx qovasHnx cpeactasa, crehn yGelese o onpeljeHom og- Bujaiby Aorafjaja, He CMe OA wera YHMHUTH OcHOBY 3a OmAyKY, Koja 6 Guna HenowonHa 3a Gano Kor OKpuBmeHNKa.” Schmidt" pesonyje Ha cawvaH HaYHH. 3aHWMAnaa je Henkel-opa” wucao: 641” yOehex, yepen sian HeuITO CMaTpaTH MCTUHOM, a Aa ce y TO He cyMiba. ‘Auo ce nojase cymise, He MOHe 6TH yBepeH u cyf KOjU cyMiba y KpHBHEy ONTyMeHOr Mopa ra ocnoGogMTM yoneA HeAocTatKa yGelje- tea: in dubio pro reo. Yecta Tapaisa aa je in dubio pro reo ty} 16 ,Tpecyammrly Henmmocr: we cazpxe KON Hac HM SaKoHeKH TeKcTORIE imi ce ona nocpemio More IByhK 13 chcrena SaKOHMKA MuTH MpaBHOr cHCTe Ma youre, Taxna mecysmupra He ogrosapa HM jOrMipt 1H CreapHoM mOxO™ajy Okpuamentor y Hamiem mpoueckosr npany", (Ciicrem KPHBIeHOr mpouector mpa- a, Beorpag, 1970, crp. 296); Kowerrap 3KII, Beorpaa, 1977, emp. 10—11 x Eduard Kern: Strafverfahrensrecht, Miinchen,” 1967,” p,_ 64. 4s Hubert Schorn; Der Schutz der Menschenwirde iin Strafverfahren, Neuwied am Rhein, 1963, p. A : ‘i Eberhard Schmidt: Deutsches Strafprozessrecht, Gottingen, 1967, 0, ‘0 Henkel: Strafverfahrensrecht, Stuttgart, 1953, p. 404. 52eehmHn KpABNUHMX NOcTynaKa, Na M HawleM, NorpewHa je. Caapite ra MHOrM KPHEMUHN nocTyNuM, ako Ne MSpu4nTO, OHO MMMAMuHTe. Hana BakoHuK 0 HpMBM4HOM noctynKy ynyhyje cyAujy aa Oo aprymentama cyan mo cnoSo_HoM yGehersy, Noa npetnoctasHom oBaxe gecpAHi- unje y6eheroct, cnean in dubio pro reo." Eduard Kern*! noneayje in dubio pro reo ca Tepetom joKasH- Baita, a WcTO TaKO rnega Ha MpoBnem BenKKA Gpo] apyrnx Teoperi 4apa wa Sanagy u Victouy, unp. J. C. Kapes* u J. JI. Metpyxan' Koja Aopoae y Hajreulty Beay npecymnunjy HeanHocTH, in dubio pro reo M Teper AoHasusaiza, Hao H Ha noveTKY YMTHpaHH Gorphe. Heinrich Henkel yvnw to Ha spno jacay HauwH: ,,Jpunyvn (in dubio pro reo, B. B.) jecte, npoyecyanHa oGpryta ctpaka npaHunna KpwoHse: MaTepHjanHoM cTaay Hema HasHe Ges Hpuaise” onrosapa Mpoueckn cras Hema ocyae Ges pokasaHe KpuBibe’. Y StPO Hnje VSpH4uTO WapaHHeH, aM HEMMHOBHO NpOWanagM M3 VHCTPyKLMOHE MaH- cuMe U4 npKHuMna cnoGoAHe cyAcke oueHe AoHasa (§ 261). Mo ceom panry cnaga mehy HajsakHuja Havena KpMaMuHor nocTynHa npashe Apuase. Y cknaay c THM nponucyje un. 11 crap 1. OnuiTe geknapa- unje 0 npasuma Yosexa: »Toute personne, accusée d’un acte delic- tueux est présumée innocente jusqu’a ce que sa culpabilité ait été légalement établie au cours d’un procés public ou toutes les ga- ranties nécessaires, A sa défense lui auront été assurés«, Peter Huber warnawasa: ,[pwnyvn npetnocraske HeswHocTh Haiash CBO} KOHAeHsaT y KPMBHYHMM NocTynuMMa Npe cBera y npMHuWnuMa MaTe- Ppujanne uctuHe, HenocpegHocTH cioboAHe oWeHe AoKasa WM npaBuny in dubio pro reo. Hans Walder pu cpetio nosesupaise: ,,Oxpua- mein Ma, AaJbe, NPABO Ha TO Aa Ce Heroea HeBMHOCT NpeTnocTasEA W Aa TyMANay OAHOCHO cyACKO Behe AoKaMe HeroBy KpUBILY, y CBA KOM cnyyajy qa Ce He TpaiHM Of Hera, Of OXPUBsEHOF, AOKAS HeroBe Hesunoctn. Jpyrmm peuma: oxpusnenn cme npenycTaTH cyay vcnM Tupatbe fa MM NpOTHB wera CNpoBeAeH AOHKASHM MOCTyNaH NpHKasyje a je terona Kpiaiea usa caaKe pasymHe cymibe. Haueno ga, TepeT Molasvaarsa nei CACBMM Ha CTPA TyMMOWA OAHOCHO cya OUITpUje ce copmynnue, Have, y TOM npasuy Aa OXpHBReHM He TpeGa yon- ure gonpueth come pasoTspmparsy: »Nemo tenetur se ipsum 1 Op. cit. p. 62-63. #8 J. C. Rapes: Coneremm yrononin mponecc, Mockna, 1968, cmp. 123. »Ceaxy’ cymmy (pasyany, ocHonany Wa Mavepmjamina y Kpiowe0} crpapA) ‘Theda nymeweNn ¥ KOpHeT OKpHEVReHOT. OITVGA ce He Moxe Mpytotiari ocHO- nav ako ce Ocnawa Ha Guso KaKHe onaTKe, KOji Masunaly cymiLy y cHoly moysqanocr. Obpesiioct AOKASMBamAa He MOM ce MpeOalM Ma OxDIMBICHOT: 8 AKO OKpsiamerst Mje OnOBprac OMTYKOY u mle oKAIIO cHOjy HeBMHOCT, Ono He MORE caymHTHE Kao AOKAS meTOBe xpsMIBe." (erp. 123). #3 Y ,,Teopija moxazarewcra 2 copercxom yroosrom mpoxece", I, Mo- expa, 166, Crp. 451. ,Lpecyumotia nensnocm: exyzm Kao ocHona mpepicra ma oSazesa qoKasunara y conjeTcKom Kprmrmow TocTyMRY we moze GxTHt Mpe- Gavena wa oxpuamenor, M3 mpecyamyrje necimocra soEMpe mpanino 0 Ty- Manewy cymme y Kopver OKpHamenor, Koje mia nemIKO aHayeIse 3a Ges. Geheme, merosnx saxodcmons mmepeca 4 yrephumaee weriae Y KpHEHrHO} erpapsc\ (erp. 45). 2 Strafverfahrensrecht, Stuttgart, 1968, p. 352. 35 Op. cit, p. 74. 28 Dic Vernchmung des Beschuldigten, Hamburg, 1965, p. 59. 53prodere vel accusare«« H. H. Momancxi®” pasmatpa npoGnem Ha Cheaehin Haunn: ,fluTaibe O TOMe Ha KOMe NeKM TepeT AOKAsHBaHA He ga ce O@BOjATA OA ynpaao npixsaheHHx npecywnuuja. OcHosHn cTas 0 Tepety AokasvBaiba rach Ha OGasesa AOKAitBaa BHHOCTH ONpueReHOr HaKO Gu OH Guo OcyheH, nemn Ha TyMMOUy. Oxo je aor Tora WtG Ha CTpaHH OKpHBReHOr crojM Npecymnunja HeBMHOCTH. TaHO anew cTBap 4 y Teopyjn.” Y Jyrocnasnjn npow. Myra wasoqu npunuin in dubio pro reo Mg npernocraske Heannoctn (YuGeHK KaaHeHor nocToBKa @/P Jyro- cnasnje, os. I, JbyGmana, 1956). cro u 11. Hoe (Jyr. pesuja 3a Hpi MuHonorjy 4 KpviBM4HO npago, 1965/3, cTp. 419). TIpotb. Bajep cmatpa aa je in dubio pro reo nocneanua npe- cymnunje HeBuHocTH (op. cit., cp. 192), ann u ,onhe TeHaeHunje aBopusupaba OKPUBAeHMKA y CBMM sBojGeHum cnyyajenumal" (Op. cit. erp. 40, 42). Ap Tpy6mua sactyna rnennwre qa je in dubio pro reo npunuyn MpusmsHor noctynKa, jeAHO npouecHo npaswno, a He aepuBaT npe- cymnuuije HesuHocrn. To je, no Kemy, MeToa 3a ouelMBalLe nocTo- jatsa auennua y Kpnenunom noctynty (cTp. 44). ,Ha¥eno in dubio PTO Teo AOCmeAHO NpMMHjereHO cBOAN Ce Ha TO Ma cee UMeHNYE Hoje nagajy Ha Teper ontymeHom mopajy Gut c wasjecHoulhy ytep- Tete (aokasaxe), a ao ce TaHo He yTapae (aakne ako acTaHe cyMiba y HMXOBO MocTojaite), yaMMa ce Kad fa Oe He nocToje. HanpoTus, 3a OBE UMHLEHMYe KOje May y MpMNOr ONTYHeHOM aKO ce nojaeM cyM- Ya aa 6 Morne noctojat#, a He yenuje ce Ta cyMiba c uaBjecHowhy voKmyuNTA, MMA ce yseTH Aa MocToje.” (,floctynaike NpoTHBHO npHH uuny in dubio pro reo tao nonpega copmanior npase”, (Hawa saKo- surocr, 6p. 1—2, 1963, ctp. 41). Bua om uctor ayropa u:_,,IpuHuAn in dubio pro reo Matepujanin Tepet qonasugatea” (H3, 6p. I— 10, 1958, crp. 435) Ap Damauna wasoqn npwnyxn in dubio pro reo wa un. 321, 7. 3. 3Hf-a (caga 4a. 350 7. 3) 4 Hao TauHujy, npeananie cbopmynaynjy ain dubio reus est definitive absolvendus.« (,3naveie npagiaa in dubio pro reo y noantaiom npasy", 36opHnk npasHor cbakyatera y Sarpeby, Gp. 2/1958, crp. 118). Mefjytum, ap Bpaixo Netpuh He npvavaje npaxunn in dubio Pro reo. TI. MPABHA MPAPOQA NPECYMNMLWJE HEBAHOCTA Kao uiro BHauMo, noctoje ayGoHe Hecyrnacuye 0 npasHoj npH- Poa npecymnunje HeamHoctu. Cacsum je HecnopHo aa je ova Ha- cTana Kao Herauiija npecyMnuje eMHOCTH y cpeqrOBEKOBHOM HHKBH- 3uTOpcKOM Noctynky. YnanwMen cy KPCTAaWHH NOxOAM Ha oBy npe- cymnunjy, Hoje cy HauAHiM HeKM npegcTasHMuN aHTpononowKe W CO\uKonoWKe WkoNe KpHEMYHOr NpaBa, TanujaickKN M HeMAYHH awit 3 Yronoswoe mpawo u yrononmet cya Aurmm, M. 1969, emp. 275. 28 ,Lpypywiom sa mpaxnicny npumexy Saxoruma o kpMBIEHOM noc aynny", Beorpag, 1968, cxp. 5. 54CTW, HaBecHH CaBpeMeHH npaskn TeopeTHYapM, KpHMMHONOSH M COUMO- nosh Ha Sanaay, ant M HERA Aaxaliltba KPABHUHO-NpABHA TeopeTH- Map M HpMMMHaNHH nonuTHYapn y CCCP-y. To Hawem mnumery, npecymnunja HesHHocTH Huje camo Oypitoacko-nMGepanhn npwHuMn hero gaMiHa MaGopeHa TeKoavHa HanpemHOr AeMOKpaTcKor KpMBHM- Hor nocrynia, Hoja je yuna y werose TeMeme H AaHac Npeactasma vaj6omy Tpaamunjy. Osaj nporpecnsHm npwHuyin Hanagaly nojeaunun ynpaso y Bpeme 7oMmeiba Guno GypHoacKe Gyno couMjanucTH4Ke BakOHMTOCTH. a oBaj cy npwnunn seaane mHoroGpojHe anneme. Mppa ce on- HOCK Ha NuTalbe: Aa an je npecymnuvja HesHHOCTH yonwiTe npe- cymnunja? Jou je Cujas roaopvo: praesumptio sumitur de eo quod plerumque fit. Nipecymnunja, npernoctasHa ma cmitena ykonnKo ce ‘omHocn Ha GyayhHocT, Hoja je Bpao BepoBaTHa: OGMYHO ce Tako Ae- asa, ycneg wera nm donasn qo oprogapajyhe npetnocrasne. Jow cy ysen aeya y Opaky npereriHo pesyntaT Tpyaa SakonMTor cynpyra, a He HeHor apyror, OTyAa MW Balelbe OBe NOsHaTe npeTnocTasKe. 36or ceux THx pasnora, npoc. SIyxuh? ann Ham ce, Huje caceuM y npaBy hana ce nosiea Ha npecymnunjy HeaKHocTh Kao wiyctpaunjy 3a oBa- ko AeduHNcaKe npecymnunje. Hus je ayTopa® npumerwio aa Hnje 6aw AOrM4HO NpetnoctasmaTH HEBUHOCT OApelheHor OKpHBLeHMHA Ha- fla ce y Hajeeliem Gpojy cayvajesa yctavosmasa aa cy onM una kpveyu. Tako ce ZOU AO sakuy4Ha Aa je OBAe peY O NpeTNocTaBLuA ca Bpno maiom BeposaTHohom. Byayhin aa ce Hama 4nHH Aa je sennKa Bepopatioha HeHor Hactynaisa ynpaso jeAHO OA CyWTMHCKHx obe- newja npecymnuyyje, ca Kojom je osaj nojam Kpempah man ra Hema, MHCRYMO Aa OBAe y CTBAPN MW HeMaMa nocaa HH ca HaHoOM npecyMn- uunjom. — Mpocb. Jlyxwh jacho Kame: Hane, y cayvajy oGopuBe npetnoctasHe npetnoctasmajy ce Kao Ta4He OHE 4YMWeHKUE, Hoje cy HOpManHo, y Hajsehem Opojy cnyvajesa, savcta m TayHe, Tj. Hoje cy BepoBaTHO TauHe HY AaTOM KOHKPeTHOM caysajy."™ Hansa 64 To Guna npecymnuyyja 3a Hojy CTeapHo yHanpea npernocTastamo aa he ce 4 y HOHNPeTHOM cay¥ajy NoKagaTH Kao norpeulia M TO ynpaso Ha OCHOBY ApeGoraror ucHyiicTBa NpakocyaHe npakce? Ynopeso ca pasaujarsem W ycaspwaealbeM npiMexe KpHMAHacTHKe OBA NpecyMnunja noctaje cae Matbe BeposaTHa. Mano ReponaTHa npeTnocTaska HeBMHOCTH npeT- Bapa ce cHaroM AOrMKe y Npecymnunjy BHHOCTH, WTO HUKO Huje xTeo. Osaj HeMemenn 1M HeOveHnBAHN peayaTaT HoHseHKBeHTHA je nocne- ‘Ava ynopHor ocTajaea np norpeultom TyMa4elty Npupone’ oBor wHeTUTyTa Hao npecymnuynie.* ‘Ako ce He mpoape cacenM aySoxo y cpm npoGnema, GnucHa je nomvcao qa je nO cpeaM Hea HapounTa Bpcra npecymnunje. M. C. Crporosi'® nue: 2 Manomexor wanasx Aa ce MpecyMnunja HeaH- 2 Tip Payowmp Jyxuh: Yoox y npano, Beorpag, 1978, erp. 308—809. 30 Munmmersa HeKux uotera cy y OBOM pazy. 3 Op. cit, exp. 308. * Taxo sacrynamo ammeme ga_je pex o mponeco} rapauorin a ne 0 npapno} mpernocraus, ocraheso mpit yoOruajewom ispasy .npecymmrusia Heswmoct#t", Kojit je TOMMKO OnoMaheH qa Ta je caya TenIKO SaMenvrs We- uM apyrva. # Marepujanuaja scram 0 cyqeOe goxasarex'crna » comercKom yro- AoBHOM upowecce, M, 1955, cmp. 203. 55HocTH He nojasmyje Kao npetnoctasHa y o6H4HOM oMMcAY peuH, Tj. MvuNRelLe, NpeTnocTasmeHO pasjauierse, Harafjaibe UTA. Hero ce Jasna Kao peryaaTnaHn npastin npmuynn, Hojm onpenenyje genar- hoct opraka KpuBMuHOr uenehera H cyga, OGesbehyjyhn npaso OKpHB: seHOM Ha oGpaty." To je no Hemy HNax saHoHcKa Npecymnunja. H. H. Momancnn® pesonyje aa ce npecymnuyyja Heanocta Hanasn Y .HecyMibMBO} BEIM Ca AeMOKpaTeKUM npMHKMNOM npecyMnunje Yec- Turocru copjetcHux rpahata yonwTe. Huje moryhe usrpahusatn couv jaaucrauny AeMoKpauinjy, ako ce He nol og npernoctasxe ma je caann tala 4ecTHT Be AOK Ce He AOHaie cynpoTHo. MpwHunn npecymn- uuje YectHTocTH rpaljana ynasu Kao cacTaBHn geo y cucTeM Havena, Koja men y OcHOBH ycTasHor NpaBa couMjanuctuuKOr ApyusTBa. Tpe- HeceH y yxiy OGnact, ynpaso y KpHaMuHM noctynaK, oBaj ce npHHunN Npersapa y yx npwiyun npecymnunje HeBnHocty.” UI. J. Merpy- xMH™ Say3MMa CAMYHO CTaHOBMUITe. Hecymtenso Ta4Ho objauirere HbeHor noctaHka, mehytim, jou He pagjawibasa M npasiy npmpoay npecymnuje HesHHocTH, Mako Tome gonpnnocn. Jan Buctpiimia® céetpa aa ce oBa mpetnocrasHa no cBojoj cywTMHY He pasauryje og Apyrux npasHux npecymnunja, naxo uma cBojux ocoGenoctu. 3a pasnuky oA apyrix, npecysmunja HeBMHOCTA Renyje no cMnM SaKoHa 4 anpMopHo, ah Ha KpaTKO Bpeme. 3a HeHO ce Aenosaibe He Tpae HMHaKBM Mpeaycnosn. Uncaposa™ onet KpH- Turyje Bucrpyuny, cMarpajyha aa npecymnuyja HeamoctH Huje 3a- KoHcka npeTnoctaska, jep oa sarin 3a uMTaBO BpeMe Tpajarba KpM- BMUHOF MOcTyNKa, a He CAMO 3a AOHAsHBAHe Hao WTO je cAy¥aj ca octanum npecymnunjama. Tagesoojai? tymayn ony npecymnuniy Kao Npeaybeheise, yHanpea crsopeHo Mmumerbe M TEPAN Aa CHa y COB- Jetcxom Kpven4iom noctynay He noctojn. Ao Kaxenx normunux Hanopa “4 MoTesa Mopa moBectH octajabe MPM TspaibM ga oBae wMaMo nocna ca npecymnunjom, noxasyje wgnaraike TaHO eMMHeHTHOr npaBHHUHor yma Kao WTO Je'H. H. Mo- ‘qeaHicHu: Y aucycnja ca M. C. Crporosnuem, on ce He came ca MMWMme- fem ga ce npecymnuja HeavHocTM npoTeme Ha YMTae HpHEMUKA Noctynak. Mpema isemy OMpmamenn ce y ucnehewy ,,He cMatpa He- sun". OH ce, Hacynpor, camo He cMaTpa ,.BMHKM", a TO sHaYM Aonywra ce “ ierosa HesuHocT. OsakBo ce pesoHoBalbe o6pasna- te Beh MosHaTHM aprymeHTama o ToMe ja ce MpeTnoctasKa o BHHO- CTH He MOE AOTHYKK M ACHXOROWKA MUpHTH ca npecymnunjom o HeauHocTH oXpHBREHOr. ,cReAHM, HAO iH TYAN, He MONE Aa Gyge Janyc ca aga JMua h ncTOBpeMeHo aa nonasn of” npetnoctasHe 38K nompocy o mpesyanigit Hemymonnocm: B conercKoM yroqOBHOM mpougcce, ,Conerexoe rocynaperso 1 mpano", 1949/9, exp. 59. 3 Tetpysans: op. cit, exp. 439. 38 Hanexeno no B, E. “yrynon: Vroronm: mponece sapybexumx cow Jamermmicexicx rocyaapers Export, M., 1967, erp. 65. Yen. 4 YroxoReit mpo- Rece 3 esporienicix comprasmermiccanx rocygapersax, M., 1978, erp. 28. 38 yryuop: op. cit, cmp. 65. #7 Op. cit, erp. 71.” Tomascit: op. cit op. cit,, exp. 193—194. 56 erp. 62-63; M. C. Crporoniss,© BMHOCTM OXPUBEHOr M OA NpeTNOCTaBKe O WweroBoj HeBUHOCTH™."* Mlomanckn wapwunto ame: ,,[lpecymnunja HestHocta Hema ysex cMucao HeBvHOCTH, OHa MoHe Aa SHaYM HM CAMO AonyuTaike HeBH- Hoctu." opmynaunja ,aonyuira ce u HeroBa HeBMHOCT” sHau, NO HaweM Muubelby, 4a ayTop npecymnuvjM HeBUHOCTH y CTBapH npn- Aaje asa pasta 3Haverba: jeaHo HeBMHOCTH, a Apyro aonyultalwe He- BuoctH. Mo MomaxicKom, sHa4n, nocroje ABe Bpcre npecymnunje HeBHHOCTY, jeAHa CHaMHHa, NpaBa mM Apyra ocnabmena.” Y tarsom enyyajy y OmHOCy Ha CyMibMBO nMYue AenoBatie AOnywrere, a He npernocraska 0 HeroBo] HeBMHOCTH: cyMHbase y BUHOCT AMA nor- nynio je y ckNagy Ca AOnyuiTeLeM HeeroBe HEBMHOCTU, ANH ce HE MO- ake yCKAaAUTH ca NpeTnocrastom o HeBMHocTH."” Hawa ce uMH ga Tonmancun Gpua Bepsuje o anHoctH, oAHocHO HeMHocTH (auqu KpH- MuvanweTany) 4 npecymnuniy, wro KoMnaMKyje pewere noHaKo seh cnomexor npoGnema. BaTum, teros0 pesoHOBaHe oO Age epcTe npe- cymnuvje HeBMHOCTU Hema OcHoBa y npasHom cucTemy. Kana Gu aytTop NpwxBatvo Hawe pewebe Aa oBAe He NOCcTOjM HuKAaKBa Npecymnuyja, Nero npouecyanva rapanulja, ynyra 3a nocrynatse ca OKpHBACHAM Kao ga je HeBvHH (cae 0 npeBocHamHHocTh ocyge) He Gu nocrojane NoTpeGe 2a sOrHuKMM HaTesalseM Ha Mpoxpyctosy nocTemy nocras- ke 0 noctojaty npecymnunje. Cacaum je jacho na he uctparinn cy- Auja 4 jasHu TyHMAAy NnaHMpaTH paste Bep3uje o BUHOCTH MM HEBMHO- CTH OKpHaReHOr, PyKoBOheHA yuelseM O NaaHMpaiby KpvBHuHOr noc- tynka (swam KpuMinanuctuny) 1 oGenesom na y com pany Byay objexrusHH u ceectpaHi. On ory OuTH Yak u ySeheHM y BAHOCT Tor AMA. aM teyXOBO Yaepele Hema HuMaKEOr sHauaja sa Hale nuraine. Mpeeymnuyja Hesunoctu Bann 4aK m y cnyyajy Haga je YUHHWay M3BPLIMO KPMBAYHO AeRO Ha’ jaBHOM MecTy, Ha ouMrneA Age cToTHHe CBeAoKa — HNp. yOucTso HOHeM Ha Tpry U3 smySOMope. Osge nocroje can qoxasn 0 Tome Aa je Aue usopuIMTO geno (cBe- AWM O4eRMUA, NHaHalbe, HOM, HipTBA, AMUe Mecta), a uNaK ce cTBap Mopa npetpectu Ha rnastoj pacnpasn'M cae go npasocHanime ocyae Baw rapakynja HasBana npecyMnuMjomM HesvHocTH. Ova sHauM fa ce ontyHeHu npeg 3aHoHoM, counjanictu4KMm ~pyuTsom mM ApHasOM uma ,,cMatpaTa" HeBMHMM, Tj. ¢ bum ce MMa NoctynaTH Hao ¢ HeBH: WuM CBe AOK cya He yTepan cynpoTHo. Mpod. Bajep je cacaum npe- uH3HO OAPeAMO Taj caapHaj: 2) Ha OKpuBmeHMHy He nem TepeT Bokasupatva; 6) oppetjena je onayka cyaa ako Ao upaja npoueca He 6yae goxasaHo ga je OMpHameHnK yHRHHO NpEMYHO Aeno. Gorphe w YyryHos Mcto Tao npeuMsHo Aajy oapeady caapmaja. NorpewHo je Haboantn Kao npotusaprymenaT ynyTpaluiee yeeperbe ncTpamnor cyauje (ucnezHinna) w jasHor tyHoua. Cacenm je jacHo aa he onu, Y SaBMCHOCTH OA CHare NpMlyNReHMX AUPEHTHHX H _MHAMpeKTHHX AO- haga, cymibaTa y HeBMHOCT MAM 4ax GnTH yGeheHM y BHHocT ONpHE- enor, jep apyrauuje He 64 HM Hactasunu ca soljeem noctynKa Te HuxoBe Bepauje Hucy y cynpotHocTu ca npecyMnuWjoM HeBHHocTH (ep ce Kpehy y cacsum apyroj pasin u jep saxon Tao oapeliyje). Peanvsaunjn ,npecymnunje” HesuHocts cayne cnegeha npasuna, Kao HweHM epusaTH: 28 Op. cit. exp. 61—62, 3 Tomancias, op. cit., exp. 62—63.Teper AokasnBarsa BxHOCTH OpHBmeHOr naga Ha TyMMOUA M CYA; — oxpuemenn Huje aytan aoKaampatn caojy HeBnHocT; — oKpuBReHH je oBNawTeH anv He u OGaBesaH Aa yuecTByje Y Aowasvsatzy cBoje HesnHoctn; — OKpuBReHH MoHie, Ges HHaKBOr OBjauiseHa, Aa youpaTM MC- Kas y yenmMHn Wan Aa He OArOBapa Ha nojeaHa nuTara, a a ce Weropo hytate He TyMa4 Hao MHAMUMja BUHOCTH; — HeOTKNOHEHe CyMibe TYMaHe Ce CAMO y KOpHcT OKpHBReHOr; — ocyna ce He ome sacHMsaTH Ha rosIOM npHSHalLy OKpHBLe- vor (un. 223, 323 3KM) Opa npasina Hao aa HeHM aytopy MenyuiTajy 43 Buma. Taxo, Huje Gaw npuxeatmuso crajanmmte Hoje gaysuma Eberhard Schmidt: ins Cnyvajy OcnoGalhajyhe npecyge oneT Hactyna HeoKpibeHa npeT- nocTaska HeeMHOcTA M3 YnaHa 6 Esponcke KoHBeHUMje o 3auTuTH npa- 2a YoReHa M OCHOBHUX cnoSona.” Huber" 6uTHo rpeun: ,lilro ce yoctanom Tuye HuWTeHa npeT- Nocraske HesuHoCTH, sanamem ce sajeaHo ca Mcyer-om ga He TpeGa uhw Tako AaneKO Aa Ce OHO Y4HHM SaBMCHHM OA NpasocHanie npe- cyae; cnyuajesn y Kojmma je Kpetba OKpMasLeHOr ycTaHOBseHa jou npe npecyae (np. Ha ocHosy yGemruBHXx M NpOBepeHMX npwsHatba 1 cTBapHux Aokasa) y npaken yonuTe HAcy peTHH.” H. H. Momanckn® cmatpa ga npecymnuvja HeBMHocTH ,,sahyTH™ kaga vcneaun opraH creKHe ysepere aa je npMGasHo AOBORHO AO- kaga_0 BMHOCTA OKpHBReHor. E. T. Mapruiuni" carnenana npecymnuujy HeBMHocTA camo 0 npenowelea OkpHBReHA Hoga 10] Ha cMeHy onasM oBanesa ora suiaaiba HeBMHocTH. VicTo Taxo norpewo Men qa OKas BAHOCTA oupnameHor Jecte HcTo wo m onospryhe npernoctasKe HesMHocTH. Mehytum, awe cxsataise ,npecymnuuje” HesmHocTu, noKasyje Aa ce MoMe onospriyTH KOHKpeTHa enHocT ompehexor OKpABmeHor (npa- BOCHaMHOM NpecysoM), anu HvMKaga Cama ,.npecymnunja” Tj. ynyta © Moctynamy ¢ OxpHEmeHUM. B. Jj. Apcewes“ u Ja. O. Moroauaxep"* cynporcrasnaly npe- cymnujy Keannoctn u oBjentusHy ucTaHy, wo je TaKofhe Heoap- wineo crajanmute. Jlormia B. 1. Apceisesa je caeaeha: ,,"lpnmexa npecymnuuje HeBMHocTH jecte ca cTaHoBMuiTa gagaTaka AoKasnBa- fsa, Yako RONyWTeHA ann Kpajibe HenOMeRmHA nojasa, jep cy oprann kpyeuatior wcnefersa ofapeain TemuTA fa AoKaMy Guo sHHocT Gino HesnHocT OXpHEReHor, MpeMa ToMe, o8M OpraHt yonuTe HHoY AyiH ga ce y cB0joj RenaTHocTu pyxoROAe NpecyMnujoM HeBHHOCTH Hero cy OGasesiM Aa nonase oA saqaTaka NothyHor, cBectpaHor m Deutsches Strafprozessrecht, Gittingen, 1967, p. 1963. 4 Op. cit, cmp. 74. 42 Bonpocit Teopsui coneresoro yroxosnoro mpoyeca, M. 1956, exp. 187. @ Yepantint mpan OOpimpaeworo =» cyge Tepsom uncrampn, “Kiusmes, 1975, cmp. 85. 4 Yeraronnenue ucrusM npyt mpeKpuieHat yromomumx zen mt mpesym- muprja uesmocrs, Tpyan Mpkyrcxore yimmepzrreta, Cop. jyp. 1903, 7. XXIT, wut. 5, 4. 1, erp. 213. 4 Bonpocn teopimt cosercxoro yroaonxore mpoyecea, ‘Tomex, 1971, emp. 32. 58oGjexrueHor yrephueatsa oxonHocTH crsapy. camo y oHoM cayNajy kaga He ucnyHe cBojy npBeHcrBexy saaahy, aymtHn cy la ce pyxosone 3aHOHOM y OCHOBM Kora JEM Npecymnynja HeeMHocTH.” Cav4uHo pe- wasa npoGnem “ Morosunkep. Mpecyaa oapatana Guno vcTHAy Man Apecymnunjy HesuHocts (Hana ce Huje Mora ytapauTa uctana): .,la SaKoHOAaBal CTBapHo He Nosasi oA Tora Aa y NojeAMHMM KpMBMYHKM ctsapmwa ucthHa Hehe Guru yteptena ... He On Guno Mecta ga TaxBe npoGreme kao wro je npecyMnunja HeBMHocTH" (n. 36), Kame nucaL, omano pesirHiparo. Mpecymnuuja HesuHocT Huje Bepsuja Hero onwTh npxHUWN 4 ynyra. Ova He n3pamtasa cySjekTHeHa MulImera yYecHuHa y KpMBHY- HOM noctynty. Ova Huje y cynpoTHoctn ca seposatHohom aa je OxpueseHn BUH. ,Ty sanpaso Hema nporypjeuja... Ta npetnocrasKa KaiKe camo fa he OHO wWTa OHa npeTnocTaama ocTaTH Hao ncTMHA ao ce 40 Kpaja Npoueca AOKasMBalba He AOKAxe NpoTUBHO.” Yak na ce uctiHa ysex ytaphyje, vax aa cy cyacke saGnyae y Mpakew qavac vchmy4exe, npecymnuyja HeBuHocTM Gu ocTana Aa Basin y UeAOKYNHOM ApyuITaeHOM CHCTeMy, NpakHOM cucTeMy uM KOW av4Hom noctynky. Mucaumo aa rpewe TeopeTm4apn KOjM Taj MHCTH: TyT TyMave MoKy4NO Had npouEcHH. Eberhard Wieczorek" cmatpa ja y npouectom npasy mopajy Gutm cagpmiava npasuna Hoja he y caakoj cash uspufaiea BoAUTH PalyHa O OKONHOCTH fa OCyMSHueHK HEH nyT Hyje yaHHUAaL, M. Aamauia' ucyanuie cyiapa npecymnunjy weuHoctu: ,,Tume ce ncupnmyje ajenosaite n. x. na je norpewHo nporaawagatu je npas- Hv MHeTHTYTOM WMper AjenoBatsa. Beha npouechiix wcTuTyTa, na 4 CaM npouec, nounsajy Ha cynpoTHo] nperiocravun 4a je oNpHB- Jee KpMB.’ Tipso, opa .npecymnuyja" je W ycTasHn npmHuKn, oHa uma caoje couvonouKe, nonMTHYKe M HyATypHe AUMeHKje uM acnenTe. a an je caoBoqHo AemoKparcHo apylTao camoynpasmava usMehy ocra- lor, aamucauso u Ges Tor npunuvna Koju je noctao onuita ceojuna NporpecusHor YoBevaHcTea: Huje CyuITHHa nuTatHa y TOME Aa AM je OXPMBREHMK KPHA MAK TO Huje Hero y CeHTeHUM: ”OK HeMa npaBo- cHamHe cyacke npecyae Hema HM BHHOr 3a MaBpuleba KpMBKYHOr ena. Ynpaso npecymnunjy KesuHoct tpeba pasmatpatn He camo. Ka0 NpoulecH Hero M Kao OnuITenpagHu WHCTHTYT, Ta M wHpe. Oso neno carnenasa Robert Hauser:" ,fipesnact apmaenor anapara MohM HenpyMepeHa orpaHwueH¥M MoryhHocTHMa OKpuBRe- Hor yGnawapa ce, Aaie, Hanorom cbep-noctynaisa, »fair triale. Oso ce npe ceera m3pattasa y 4a. 6. Esponcne Howsenuje o sawTuTH Mpasa YoBela M OCHOBHNX cnoGoga. TIpeTnocranka HeaKHocTH aHauu npe cpera Aa cee npouecHe paaise w puiyauM saxeaTn Mopajy 6uTK yemepeHn npema MoryhuocTn KacHije ocnoGahajyhe npecyae.” Hexanywratse cxeaTatba ga je opge pey o npecymnuyjm gosoan M. C. Crporosiva go gocTa KomnanKosarior 4, no HauleM Mmuberby, 48 Bajep, op. cit,, erp. 33. #7 Stratprozessrecht, BKA, Wiesbaden, 1970, p. 20-21 “© B Saarapuh — M. Jamaunca, Pjewins xpumiior npanuor nocrynKa, Sarpe6, 1966, cmp. 257. ag Kiwalehrbush “des schweizerischen Strafprozessrechts, Basel, 1978, PB. 59HeTauHor ormumpatsa. ,fIpeTnoctasa sHMHocTM ONpHBmeHOr capa (npn noxperarsy Hpwenutor noctynka) sHa¥n camo TO Aa je BAHOCT seposatva... Ho, gokne je BHHOCT OHpHBmeHOr camo BepoBaTHa, BeposatHa je m reroBa HeBMHocT. CrBapHo avo ce Bef Hao ocHoBa 3a OHpHBmaBaibe nojasnyje BeposaTHoha BuHOCTA OKpMBMeHOr, oHga ocTaje BepoBaTHoha Wwerose HeBMHOCTH, jep ce CMHcaO ca- mor nojma Beposatiohe (Ges pasnuxe era) w cacTojm y Tome ja octaje m seposatHoha apyre, cynpotHe nocrasKe." Tlomanckn, c npasom, uctwye ga Crporosuy saGopaama jeayy cTeap, Tj. 4a op- rai MojM noxpehe noctynax cmarpa qa je seposarHnja euHocT Hero HeBnHOcT OKpHEseHOr. lok roa ce, mehytum, pasmauimaisa xpehy y ccbepa cy6jexrus- Hor ‘npemnoctasmate, He MOE ce, NO HaweM Mnulmerby, Hahit pewelbe. BeposatHo je ga u cama peu ,,cmaTpa", Hojy ynotpeOmasajy HeHn uNTHpaHH NponcH, OTeMaBa npoHanamere NpasMaHor pewe- tba, jep je wopaaom ,,cmatpa” ce oGyxsahena He camo npecymnunja Hero m npasia dbkunja. VM, ynotuny, nojasmyje ce u cxeaTatee aa je no cpean npasia cbanunja Cwcao npasie npecymnunje HesMHocTH Huje y Tome wro Gu aMue, NoIBAHO Ha KPMBMYHY CATOBOPHOCT, Gitno, MpeMa onuiTeM uc kycTay, HeBvHo. Y cTBapn apno YecTo je O6pHyT cnyuaj, anu je Heon- XOAHO Aa Ce BHHOCT AOKaKe. AoK cbukunja sametyje AoKasHBaLe WcTuHe WM cynpoTHa je ucTMHY, NpecyMnunja HeBMHOCTH TpaiM ga suHocT Gyge goxasava, na joj seh Ta YubeHMYa onysHMa OBnmeEMje npaste cbanunje. KpvBu4nn ce noctynak ynpaso 3aTO HW BOA Kt He- rop pesyatat momic ga G6yac notapAa uAH oGapalLe NopMHOCTH y¥ KoHpeTiom caywajy. Caspemenn passoj pasa Harmise yxnarsaiby cunuyja rae ro_ je ro moryhe, a HapounTo y KpMBKYHOM nocTynKy Ca HeroBMM MpuHunOM ucTHHe. KoA cbuKynje ce HuWTa He AoKa- ayje. Ona je ynpaso sato m KOHCTpyHcaHa na ce MaGerHe AoKaause- te. Pouetbe Hoje Hamehe cbvxuvja He Mopa GuTH y cKnaay ca ucTH- HOM, Koja ce u He vcnuTyje. UctuHa je oBge upenesantHa. Y goKas- HOM NpaBy ce yvcTHHy He MOMe OnepycatH ca cbukunjom. TpewHa je Tonyxcxor, nojn sactyna raeqmute aa je osge nocpean npasia cbvxunja, a He Mpecymnuyja My TOMe WTO BOAM pa4yHa camo oO Nnp- Bom gery cbopMyae, a Huje, X20 WTO My 70 ca npasoM npuropapa Mlerpyxun, cxsarno qa osa mpecymnuvja uma 3a vaBecHO Bpeme He- o6opusu ‘apaktep. Uctpara ofHocHo riasHM npetpec Mopaly ce cnposectn y 3akoHoM oapeheHom nocrynky, ynpxoc Tome WTO cy NPMKYNEHA HECNOpHN AOKAsM AA je OKPUBEHH VaBPLIMO KPUBKYHO Aeno, Hyuita He MOMe vaMeHViTH OAPeAGY Aa npecymnunja HeBH HOCTH npectaje aa Aenyje TeX ca NpasocHartHom ocyfoM. Mpot, Kupan Ta6op®, ca npasom, micnit, aa je nocpequ Keaan- npecymmunja. Mpernoctaska ce no npasuny, 3acHmBa Ha TaKBOM #0 M. C. Cxporome: Ywewie 0 mavepaio) meriate » yrozosuom npo- ecee, 1047, erp. 236. iC. A Tonyscms: Bompocn noxasarex'emmetior pana » ocrosax yro- soanoro ‘eyaonpowsnoxcrsa Colysa CCP x Cojystix pecnyémn, M, 1959, cp. 185, sianeneno no Tlerpysomy, idem, exp. 446. 8 Hapegeno no Yyrynony, op. cit,’ erp. 63-64 60cramwy Hoje je y sehimun vonMpetanx cayyajesa uctHunTo. Ono ce ve Mone peha 3a npecymnynjy HeswHocrH, Hoja y Behunn cnyya- jena, Gusa onosprnyta. MowTo npecymnuyja MesMHocTH MMA HMsaH crenen BeposatHohie ofa M Huje crsapHa, Hero camo KBagunpecymn- uyja. Ona je pyXonopefie npasuno, npouecyanHn npHusn, oGaBesHO npaswno novauarsa. Kao ceaa savioHcHa npecymnunja ona je Hopma oGjentHeHor npasa ca oapelenum agpecatom m cagpiajem. Vis we npousnaze ogpeljena npasa u aymHoct#. Ova uma, natine, oGjen- TwsHK Hapaxtep. Tako NocMarpa npoGnem mM HMS apyrux wahapcHnx aytopa. Merpyxu# cmarpa qa npecymnuyja HeemHocTH HoHKpeTHayje umpy npecyunynjy vectatoct# rpahaxa (Koja Kao MpaBMno ua npeA O4NMa AOOPOHOMHO NPHAPHISBAISe SAKOHCHNX nponMca, a He Hapy- wagaise npasHor nopetka). ,,.Dopmysaunja npecymnunje HeanHocta Nema y Bnay caaKor rpahjanuua, Hero aMye npeMa KoMe ce BoaH xpuanunn noctynax... Mpecymnunja Heemioctn wenyje y conm cTa- Aujymuma KpuBnuHor noctynea ...° fletpyxun wctw4e aa Ao npasocHamne npecyge oNpHemexor He cmatpajy HeaMHMM voneAHAK M jasHH TywMnay, Hero ApMapa Kao cyOjexT npasa, KpMBM4HOr KaNiHaBalba, KOjM SaxTeBa Aa Ce SaKmYYUA MoneaHnka M jasHor TyHiMOUA npoBepe y cyAcHoM npouecy. ,.cnea- Nuk m janHM TyHUNaL, cyOjeHTHaHO yBepeHN y BuHOCT oKpUBReHOr, oGpasnamytin caoje rneqmuite y oaroeapajyhum ucneaNnM axruMa, McToAo6HO cy ayMHK Aa Boge paiyHa O ToMe ga apHiasa jow He Aen HMXxOBO YyBepelse, Aa SaxTesa ieroay KPITUMHY NPOBEpy Om Crpave cya Nao o6aBesHy npeTnoctasHy 3a pellerse nuTarsa O KPH auMHo] HagHM. Tletpyxuh® ce, no Hawem muumery, npwGaumesa cywiTHHM craapn: ,,HeoGopnay KapakTep npecymnunjée HeBMHOCTH cacTojM ce y Tome... wo cyay © BAHOCTH MOpajy npeTxoa~MTH Mcneheme u Cyacko paaMetpaise KpwenYHe cTBapA ca cBHMa cBOjcTseHAM HM TapaHunjama M osaj saKoHOM yraphein nopeaak ne Mowe GAM M3- Meter, Tj. onGa¥eH no Haxoljerby vcnequiia, jasHor Tyntnoua cyna, waHap OHMA M NPAKYNAAN Ca HHXOBe TAME rheaHulTa HecnOpHe Aoxase antoctn oxpuanenor.” (erp. 446). Mucay Harnawasa ga Hnje MeKmy4eHa MoryhHOcT qa ce 6p30 yTEepAN WCTHHa, MoHAa Mv OAMAX Nlocne noxpetarsa nocrynia, ,.enk O80 yonUTe, He SHANA Aa MoneA- HM ToMohy AoHesa ONeBMAHE BMHOCTH OKpHBMEHOr MOME OTKNO- htm HeonXogHOCT Aamer MoTpaNMBara M pasMaTpalsa crBapH y cyay, 1]. cHpaT#T™m no cBOM Haxofelsy OGM npouecyaniux rapan- unja Hoje je 3aH0H yTBpANO 3a nocTynaH HOA CBMX KpMBMMHNX gen Y Tom cwmcny npecywnunja HesnHocTh He 3Ha 3a MOHKMKe. (orp. 447). A. @. Topxmi uaname aa cy veneanMK m jasHh TyMMAay cea Hao y6eleHn y To Aa NpAKynLeHN AoKAsM Aajy OcHOBy 3a saKmy- Yak 0 BuHOCTH, Na 3aTO M Npemajy npeaMeT cyny. ..AnA AoKasnBaTH BUHOCT ONPHBmeHOr — He SHA4A NpMBHATH ra BHHMM; CAMO je CYA 3 Tlerpyxsat, idem, emp. 439—140—447. s Tbidem, exp. 446. 55 Haweaeuo uo Merpyximy, idem, exp. 443444, 61KomnereHtaH Qa y cBOjoj npecyau Hatie qa nu je OMpueReHM BAH 3a W3BpWere KpMBAuHOr Aena.” Hewanw Gpoj ayropa ussoam npecymnunjy HeanHocTH ua nor Me aovasuaaisa. Tako Hnp. A. J. Tpycon®, B. Ja. Apcemea” u M. C. Crporosiu. B. Ja. Apcetses nokywiasa aa sacnyje npecymnunjy HeemHocTH Ha npasiuma copmane nornke. Kaaa y HpHBHuHOM noctynky He 6u eBnagana npecymnunja HeBuHOCTY, NonoMaj OHpHameHor Guo Gu 3HaTHO OTeHaH, jep OM Ce Om Hera TpaMIMNO Aa AOKAKE OHO WTO je No SaKoHWMa NorMke Heworyhe goxasatu. ,OMpyBmeNN ce RoBOAM y nlonomaj fa AoKasyje HeraTHBHe uMbbeHMUe, WTO je, Kao WTO je TosHaro, Hemoryhe jowasatu" (n. 76). Mncuy je npomaxna kpynia rpeuia: Huje TayHO aa ce ompeuHe (HeravsHe) 4uibeHnue He Mory AokaanaaTH. Ynpaso KpuMMHanucTA- Ka spno yoneulHo pewasa To nuratse.*” Hecymisuao je w npakca noxa- syje cBaxor aaHa fa ce ycneuHo yrephyjy u HeraTaaHe umeHHUe. Hemoryhnoct ytephusarsa HeratweHnx cbakata auaywna 64 Bpno ve. Cro m HeMoryhHocT AOKasuBatha yonwTe, na u HeMoryhHoct ecbu- Hache oaGpave. Apceses je cBoj Cras HeXpuTHURM Npeyseo v3 npT- sara cbopmanve normKe. Yuctuy oapmuarse He4era jecte, no npa- ByAy, McTOBpeMeHO Taphee Heyer ppyror. ,,Tex HeHM opedHH cyaosH no cémcny cTBapHo caapie camo oApHuate, 663 noapasy- MesaHior Tapieta." Kpxpuuapu aHajy qa On HeMoryhHoct aoKaan- Batba onpeuHnx HnbeHnya yjeaHo oHeMoryhuna noctynak mo. KpH- BuuHHM AeiuMa uSEpIeHMM HeUMeHeM. Taxomnp Bacumesnh reno Kane: ,HeocHosaHo je Tapherse, Hoje ce Yecto Hyje, Aa je moKan- Bere HEraTMBHHx 4MtbeHMUA HeMoryhe. IleratusHa 4MHbeHnYa Hoja Tpesa Aa ce AOKawKe MMANHYWpAa NOSHTHBHY M ADBORHO je Aa ce Aoxaite cynpotHa nosutveHa uvibeHMua... CybjenT KojM je ayHaH fa AOKaMe HeKy YMiBeHUYY He OMe Ce Tora OcnOOOANTH, 2aTO UITO Je Ha HeratmBHo copMynnicana."* Mefytim, Apceises una, no Ha- lem Muwmelsy, mpaso Haga TapAM Aa 6H KOHCTpyKUMja KPMBMAHOF Nocrynia Ges npecymnunje HeauHocTH, AoBeNa AO Tora Aa ce cBaKa HecnocoGHoct wi HeMoryhHoct joxasHeara OKpMBMmEHHKOBE He- BHHOCTH NpoTyMa4M KaO AOKas HerOBe BMHOCTH, Yak My CAYyYajy Aa je Tyknnay Huje AoKasao. M. C. Crporosi4 nas0qK npecymnunjy HeeMHocTH Ha cyuiTHHe noruuKor npoyeca. Ho xohe aoxasatu Teay 0 BMNOcTH OKpHBmeHOr Mopa onoapriyT Tesy o Herosoj HeeMHocTH. ON Mopa ja y cBjMM MncavMa 3ay3Me rieauuTe CaMOT OKPHBReHKHA, a TO, NO nMuMeBy % A. J. Tpycos: OcHonx reopyn cyqeGumx gokasaren'cms, Mockna, 1960, erp. 149—159, 8 Tapanmirja asrsHoem & yrogosHom mpouecce, HeoGjanmenia auceprasia, erp. 76, Hanesjets0 10 Tiosanckou, ibidem, erp. 58. 8! M. C. Crporomim: Yuerme 0 watepmasmion uenime 2 yrononHos mpo- uecce, M. 1947. % Bint Baago Boammeah: Kpmotiaaversuxa rawryxa, B, 1966, orp. 182; MpoSaem uezarneunx vimwewsiya, Avjanextisa, 1974/3, cmp. 83102. OM. C. Ceporomes: ora, M. 104%, emp. 202; W. Ségeth, Elemeniare Logik, Berlin, 1971, emp. 42—44; Boraan’ Weunh,’ Horaca, Beorpag, 1962, erp. 211, 212; Jlorma, Beorpag, 1977, exp. 217218. © ‘Tuxowusp Bacieesnh: Cuezed xpasuxsor mpoueca mpaza CPJ, Beo- rpag, 1970, exp. 298 62MnuImeiby, aHaun NpecyMMpatH HeeroBy HeaHHocT. MorpeuHocT osor CTaHOBMuITa Hnje TeWHO AOKasATH. TaxTANHO je NPAaBANO ga ce jasHn TymiMaay cTasna y nosmusy oKpAsmeror M npeasuha cee Moryhe apryente name oAGpare. An, Haga OH TaHo NocTyna, wMHM TO 3aTO WTO je MpHynWo MaBecHe AoKAse Sa BHHOCT OKPABKeHOr, WTO cymiba y eeroBy BiHocT, a He OGpaTHo. Tonemmuyhn ca Crporosn- vem, Tomancun Hasoan unter Fopxora: ,Hay4nn pagHnn KojM McTpa- myje opHa Hema notpeSe Aa cede saMuuta Kao OBHa", a ,,opraH noneleta Hema notpeGe a cebe saMmuinma Kao OXpMBMEHOr My TOM cBOjcray Bog cilop ca cammM coboM. Bpno je saxuMmuso m sHauajHo pesoHosatse Tpycosa™, Kojn npecymnujy HeBMHOCTH 380A M3 SaKOHA sOrMHe HM CMaTpa camo MeTOAOM vCniTHBaba KOjy NpMMersyiy McneAHHK HW cyA. Alorasnsaise ce mome spun no Ase sapujante. [Mo npsoj Ba- pujaitH uMaMo cya .oKpuBReHH je KpKB — Tesa Koja ce AoKa- ayje, a cya ,,OKpHBLEHH Huje KMS” Merona anTHTesa. No apyroj sapnjantn cya .oxphanmenn Hnje Kpys' ysHMa ce Kao Tesa Hoja ce Aokaayje, a cyA .OKpMBmeHM je KpuB Kao HeroBa anTnresa. Mowe wsrneaatm Kao na je cBejeaHo Kojom ce eapujanTom nofe, ann To Hj Ta4HO. Tph TesH ,.oKpUBReHH je KpuB" YenoKyNHO Aoxasnaarse nonpuma cbopMy onosprasatna axTuTesa ,oxpHameHH nuje Kpus". Yonos AokasaHoctm ose Tese jecte y notnyHom M HeO- CnopHom onosprasatby HeHe aTurese. [lo apyroj BapwjaxTn ycnoa AoHaaHOcTH Tese jecTe y nyHOM HeCnOpHOM onosprasatby aHTATese woKpHBReNK je BwH. Apyra BapHjanta sHaTHO onaKWaBa AoKasHBa- fee B¥HOCTH OMpHamEHOF, anh Y MCTO BpeMe cTaBma sHaMajHe npe- npene m saqaje o36umHe TeuHohe ieroBoj oAGpaHK oA HeocHoBa- Hor ONpHBRe!Da. 3a nyuy pexadnavraunjy onpHsmexor Hnje goB0%H0 npocro onosprabaise qoxasa onTyHGe Hero HeUTO BuUe, jep AOHagAHA nant HocT apryMewara jeawe Tese cama no ce6u joul He SHAY mM AOHa- Bay HeTa¥HocT. AKO je HecymibMBo Aaa je waBpwiCHO HeKO geno, NoTnyHO onosprasatse Tese oO eHHOCTA oApeReHor oKPHBREHHKA Npetnoctasma ga je cTBapHo peuieHo mutase Ko je yMcTHHy yYMHKO To KpHBHAHO Aen. Y Husy CAYYajeBa He CAMO Aa je TeuIKO Hero je Nak m Hemoryhe ovasaTn ce nyHom HecymibMBOWhy TaKBe Hera THBHE YiieHMe a0 WTO Cy ,,OKPMBLEHM Hije MSBPUINO KPHBHYHO eno", o”HocHO ,,oH Huje KpHB". 3a oNpHameHor Gu Grn0 Beoma Onacho Kaaa Gu ce ceaka cyMiba HeMaGeno ONpeTana npoTHB Hera W noraphusana Tey o weroBoj BuHocTH. SHaYajio npeuMyhcrso uma Mpga sapujaHta pacyhwsata no mMeToay mHaMuMjanHor anarormuxor AoHasnBarba. LleHTpamia v nonasHa Ta¥Ka 3a caB xom pacyhneata © H. H. Tlomancxs; ibidem, erp. 59. AL J. Tpycom: Ocnonsr ‘seopit cynetux qoKazavex'ers, M. 1960, emp. 149159, Koga yuecwuy xpamenor moctynka He pacnoaamy aprymentmta, xo} Ou HenocpeqHo oKasiMam MeTHAGTMOCT HeKe rese, aM 2070 mMaly aprywente Kojima noKasyjy ga Je aHTHTe3a axKHa, m0 SaKOHY HCK-DyyeHa speher wanasx a je resa vermmizra. 63