H IOVLlAIKH EI:XATOAOflA

TQN XPONQN THI: KAINHI: LlIAE>HKHI: *

(KPITJKH TQN NEQTEPQN Em TOY 8EMATOl: 8EQPIQN)
vno
XP. ArOYPIAH 8. e.
KASHr. TOY nANEn. SEI:/NIKHI:

3. To tou Nathaniel Messel «II€ QL Lo'Ubu'C-

an:oteA.€I O''Ul'€ :reil :reQoO'1ta{}€
LaV tou
EV tQ.'> twv y€ yoVOtcol' til; xa1 tou
to:reo'U 'Ku1 SX 'I.oubc.c'ixrov :reQoiLro{}sO'scov I .
'0 Messe1 V:reOO'tllQ't€ t Ott oMef,A.tu QUO'tuO''t't'Ki} btaq:>oQa f,A.€ taSV
'Kat O''UYXQovo'U tii Kutvii Ata{)t1xtl u:reaQxet :reAi}V
BV tli tavttl :re€
QL
'Evto; autou tou :reAaLO'tOU 'Lb€ rov EQWllveuEL 0 Messel xaL ti}v sO'xatOAoy(av
troy to'Ubo.brov 'A:reo'KaAu1jJEcov. 'Ev O''UV€ XE(q. b((\Of,A.EV u€Q'UtsQav 1t€Q(-
At).\jItV twV a1to1jJecov tou Messel tou tcov.
'0 Messel bsv atU'KQI.V€ t tLVa 1\ 8>; O''UVt1{}co; My€ t(lt U:rtE(r
tlVa taO'lv EV tn to'Uba'ixij sO'xatOAoyLq.. Movov
n; :reQo; tOY ihof,A.LO'f,A.OV :reaQatt)QEltat, S'Kq:>QdtuaL bs avtt) EV tli bLbaO'xa-
:resgt 'AAA' taO't; avtt) (lev sq:>{}aO'e :reote L€; to O'llf,A.EtOV
va v1to'KataO'l:'l]O'tl ti}l' O''UAAOytX1}V :rteQt O'cot1jQta; tMuv :reaAuta; 60'XatO-
AoyLa;. 'AU' sal' oMEf,A.(a bLUQ)'.t'Ki) taO'L; tl1tUVtataL SV tli
:reQOO'(lOXLq., tOtE tL at EV toi; EO'xatot; 'KULQoi; 'KatuO'tQOq:>!XL tou
q:>'UO'L'KOU 'KoO'f,A.Otl; Ah 1ln:o(ll'}Aoiil' on dVaJ.1.SvEt:at ii tou 1taQov'
to; q:>'UO'txou xOO'J.1.o'U, tvu {}to'LY to'U 'KutaA.ci{3n dUo; xOO'f,A.O; (llaq:>OQo'U
"OXt, drcavtij 0 MesseI. Et; to.; {}EOq:>UVetU; to;; 'Iu{38 SV tn IT.

1l:reaQXEl E5ro ii evvota :rtaQa'Kf,A.fi; toii 'KoO'f,A.O'IJ. Ai. q:>'UO'L'KUl. 'KataatQoq:>al

elvaL a:reAru; cO'lweia» (Vorzeichen) MEUO'ECO; tfj; O'cott)Ql.a;. Ta. «at)·
f,A.sia» tauta (lev u:reaLVtO'O'ovtat ti}v dvayxt)v EVo; veo'U :revE'Uf,A.a'f:LXOv xOO'f,A.o'U.
n svvoouv Ot a:reo'KaA'U:ren'Kol O'uYYQaq:>d; aLa troy stxovcov :reEQI. q:>'IJO'LXWV
'KataO'tQoq:>rov q:>atVEtut Ex tfi; tou 'Kata'KA'UO'f,A.OU.
'H Boo toil xOO'f,A.o'U a'll

*
1. Die Einheitlichkeit der Judischen Eschatologie, Verlag VOll Alfred
Topelmann, Giessen, 1915.
 391

svgrrrut fJ,6vov tOU mXAutO'ttVOU f 0 tooV

(3-5) Mx€ t at ott tOU Xgovo'U O'rotl)gLU; {}u 3tgo'Y}Y'Y}{}'fj
fJ tOU xOO'fJ,o'U. 'R {}srogLa aih'l1 bev dvaL Lo'Uba'Lxl1' xato3ttV
Lxavf\; Elts;sgyacr(a; 'Ulo{}etsLtaL ihro rou O''UYYQa<pero; touto'U, ()LOtt
gEtSt tilv ltgoltayuvbav to'U fJ,sta;u tooV il3vtxwv 0{J; a:n:s'U{}uVetlH. ·0
Messel fJ,UALO'ta :rtQoO':n:a{}sL v· «3toI)S(;lI Ott xat ilbw bev 8XOfJ,€ V
tLva :rtSg!. Grot'Y}gta; &vtLA'lJllnv, I)e OtL to 40v toov
bev stvaL YV'llO'LOV.
•AAt..a Kat ti 'lMa tOU «xaLVOU ougavov» xaL yf\;» bev G'Y}fJ,a('
vouv ott <> 3tagwv KOO'fJ,O; :rtQo<;; to tEQfJ,[l to'U; Ka1 aL EX<pgUGSL; a1'itaL,
xara tOV Messel, O''Y}fJ,aLvo'Uv, altAouO't(ltU, OtL SL; tilv veav E:rtolilv O'rot'Y}"
gea; oAa {}a stVut tou :n:agovtO;, XrogL; tOUtO va O''I1).tULVll aAAuyilv
tilv <p'UO'LX-nV ta;Lv. «ALat1 fJ &vdyx'l1 xat 'toov ougavoov;»
stx,sv a:n:oBfi agltouvtro; 1.

"'O,tL Sl.bLXwreQOv E:n:S{}UfJ,O'Uv OL altOXaA'U3ttLXOt ti

tooV {}ewv Ol <>ltOLOL O''UvsMovto
'0 O'1JfJ,aLVSL il:n:L :n:Mov fJ,LaV vEav GXE-
O'LV tljv yfjv fJ,e a:rtotEAeO'fJ,a tilv 3tAo'UO'Lav 'l«lg:n:o<pogLav
xal &v EXll to 3tQaYfJ,a, i) :rtQOGaOXLa taut'Y}; aEV EXSL GXEGtV
t-nv KataQY'Y}O'Lv tOU 1}AtXOU d>; XatrotEQO'U 8va\,tL toil :n:vs'UfJ,atLxou, aAA' dvaL
fJ,(u sLKWV tij; tou &v{}gw:n:ou. A( 3tsQl xa'tacrtQO<pwv
x(.tl SLXOVS; toov a:n:oKaAu:n:t:LKfOV aEv ava<pEQoVtat
aU' OuX1 <> aAA' ij :n:oQoUGa tG'tOQLxlj
xataGtaO'L; aVafJ,EVetut va. KaralJtQa<pij. 'R EVVOLa 'tij; stVtlt
(G'tOglKO - (<<rein geschichtlich - politisch zu verstehen
ist»)·. «To tou <pllagtou xul ti &Qx-n tOu r
&<p{}agtou» A:n:ox. Bagoux.
74, 2} oMev aUo GI1).t'lLVEL to tooV s'1.aroAoil.a'tgoov
KaL tljv aQxilv :n:sQLobou cfi; xalbuva·
fJ,sro;! al: • OfJ,LAOUV :n:SQL aUG aiffivrov, tou
Kat tou aAA' 01. OVtOL at Mv GI1).taLvouv aUG aLa<poQstt-
1'ou; aAAa auo aLa<poQStLKa; xat'tou autov x6GfJ,ou •
•AXOAOU'<)WV 'tov Dalman 6 Messel {}sroQsI tljv EVVOLav «atrov» d>;
f!vvOLav (Zeitbegriff). '0 «fJ,SA.Arov aLwv» (Olam Haba) /illsroQl1{}11 1)3t0 XgL"
O'tLavoov tLVroV xaL Louaal.rov AOY(rov v:n:sQBatLXOu O''I1fJ,aC-
vrov to aLwvLov EVaVtL tou :n:QoaxatQou. ·EA.'I1GfJ,ovll{}'Il {lit' alltoov Ott 0 Lou-
tooV XQovrov K. L\lallllK'I1; etx,Ev sLcrEn "(f1v EvvoLav tou U:n:EQ-
pctnxoii oR aLaxgI.O'sro;to-u altO tou

1. A,j.6&t, GilA. 34,

2, Ai,.6&t, GSA. 42.
 Mv StVUL !!stU<p'UI1LXtl. dAA' eyxSLt<lL twv
8/}VLXWV t'UX,WV tou 'II1QutlA. cy1t0 tov.; 1tQerrSL va vowvtat
xu1 aAAaL «to tov XOI1!!ov» x. t.A.
"0 aEv stVat <> dAA' yij. rrUI1UL aL BKcpQa-
1tSQL tou oVQavoii 1'oii t01tO'\J oMsv stsQov
1taQa MVU!!lV XUt toii 811x,atoAoYLKOii al.wvo;;.
<> Messel XUta twv L01)Or1'Cxwv 8I1Xo:toAOYL-
XWV BVVOLWV )((Il SLxOVOlV -U1t' O'ljJLV OA'I')V tilv 11'1')!!aI1LUV
I1Vl11'aI1LV tov Reimarus, xu{f 1]V -u<p' OAa; dVOltEQOl o <pEL'
AO!!8'\! va 8VVOtl<10l!!SV 1tOAV OAlYWtSQa OI1OlV <paLVOVtaL va AeY01)V 1, Ta
au1'a LI1X,VO'\JV xal 1tEQl KaL «o1.lQav(a <IeQO'IJO'aAll!!».
asv 11'I'J!!a(vsL tOY 1'0'£0" UAA' auto toiito
to aya{}ov OEv SLVUl Heilsort, Etval Heilsgut. to'IJ'
voO'taAy(a aEv avacpEQstat
xUL 1'ilv l1'Uvex,lcHv atO!!LKii(; 1tEQav tou ta<po'U
<lAA' l"ij; 8Jtl sMat!!ov(u;. 1) Evvola «1taQa'
aVVU1'al va SKCPQUO''tl xaL vofj/.tata' aLa a1tOKaA'U'
oMsv to cQ; tilY oVQavu:w
cIsQo1)O'aAy)!!. {}a 8A/)1I 81t1 avtl\ osv M eLVat 1tcxQa 1) 1taAaw
'IsQo'UO'aAil!! aYSVSOl!!EVl\, OLOt'L 1) 1taAata {}sOlQsLtaL ala tilv BO'x,ato-
AOYlXilv ibtox,ilv O'Olt'I'JQLU;. 'H vEa 'IsQo'UO'aAil!! {}& xtLG{}ii xanl to 1tQ6·
1'1)1tOV OVQUVLO'U "IeQO'IJO'aAy)!!, tov oi'JQavov, xa1'a tilv
{}soAoytav. vrrijQx'ov ta 1tQot'U1ta KaL 1tOUWV aAAOlV 1tQay!!(itOlv dilv
·IeQo'UO'aM!!·
'H {}SOlQLU 1tsQl tWV 'A1tOXaAv'ljJEOlv aEv elx,s
O'KOJt()V va tilv 1taAataV 8VOOKOGf-tLOV vEav
SO'X.atOAoyLav 3. 'H !!EG'I') xa1 1) tEAlX1] 1tEQtOOO; ovosf-tLaV OElXVUO'IJV
tOlV oLacpoQtlV, 'H {}EOlQLa 1tEQl xuta tOV Messel,

IlUAAOV va {}eOlQ'I'){}ii 1tQO<1JttlfJsLa

1taQa6soot-tEvOlV 1tsQl toii sLXOVOlV. Kata
ot Sx'/)QOL toii 'IO'QailA 1)1'twVtaL xa1 1'LI1OlQoiiv1'aL 1tQo SAsV<1SOl; tii; GOl-
t'I'JQLa;' f-tOVOV EV 38 xa1 'l!aAf-t. 2 YLVETaL AOyO; 1tsQl
xata 1'WV ()LKaLOlV !-tEta EAE'UO'LV fi-eo !-tovov 1) -eaO'l;

1. cDenn das kann Mann iiberhaupt festsetzen:. Die Hebraischen Re-

densarten der Juden klingen noch orientalischerweise hoch und schwiilstig

borgen ware; sie bedeuten aber aIle Zeit weniger als wie die Worte
deuten scheinen (ev Lessings'Theologische Schriften, .. 6/A-. 3, oSA, 310).
2. Messel, "Evil-. 'Avon., GSA. 101.
 393

aQIAOVtx'llV O'tlYX,OOVE'llO'LV &vt'!{hho>Y rea(lai)6O'EOlv, &A.A.tl xai to

OtL "ata. troy 'AltoxaA.v1jJEOlv 01. sx'{)Qol toii 'IO'Qa'llA. aLl]"
,
Ql})lEVOL s:'
u'110 e ... 'S: ' p t s: " " ' 1
ul}lI.. xal ta «EUV1)>> - "anva
x(dHO'tOlv O'acpij t'llv tMa.v on ta. reavta Mv {)a. EtEA.tLOlvav lAs ti)v
(lOllJ,a'LX'll OU COl xa1 LOVaa'LX'll uutOltQarogLa {)a. EIx6
va. reOA.6wtlO'U svavtLov reoA.A.rov A.aroy. tH aUtl} IAEta. trov «A.arov»
t-Yjv VLXllV xata. tGw Gog, OU()EIJ,La OJ!Ol; reowtLx-Yj atacpOQa
vcpLO'tatCU toov reEQloaOlV. tOY {)avatOv toii MEO'O'LO'll
xata to BV t<1> 4 "EO'a(lQ. d Messel ataX(lLV6t
dvnxgtO'navlx-Yjv reOA.EI-UX'llV tov cr'UYYQacpEOlt;, (Scrnt; to EQYov tov
MEO"O'Lo'U ata va. En J!aA.A.ov t'llV SVEQY6taV autoii tOVtO'U toii SEoii·
•An' et; tat; •ArroXllA.v1jJEtt; dvaYLvoocrxOIJ,EV re!!QL «aLOlvLO'll
rr6Q[ dcpavLcrJ!oii toii i1avaro'U, rrEQt IAEtaJ!oQcpwO'EOl'; tOOl' dv{)goorrrov
tL O"l}J!a(votlv at atitaL ; ,My ex.ouv oih!! autal vrrEQ13u-
tLXOV vOllJ!a; 'H toii MesseI ELvaL 'Ka1 rruAtv dgvl}tLX11. 'ExcpQa-
cO,; «1;;Ol11» , «aLOOVLOt; I;:Oltl», «XA.llQOVOJ!6l v t1)V «ELm€QXEO'{)aL
.1!]V XtA.. ouafv to {,lt6Q13cm;cov <11JlAaLVOtlv. «ZOllJ» <11JlAaLV6t
xatacp«<1LV dvaggOlcrLv 6X tij; crOltJ')QLav 6X tij;
il toil xwlh,vou, 6YYUl}crW dltocpuyij; a'UO't'Uxiaq, Eut'UXLav, cpm;, xaQav.
tH Sy tt$ J!8MOVtL dva)levo'llcra tOUt; «tro-Yj» aav rrgerrEL va. voijtat
6V VltEQ13anxu 6VVOLq. dAA' €v dvn{}EcrSt tOV dvaJ!Evovta xata. tOY veov
airova tov; {)avamv. °H afv EXEL rrol.oux!]V dAM
reocrotlx-YjV crlllAacrLav'. tOY Lovlia'lO'J!ov ELvat micra
XQOVO\l xal crTJJ!a(vEL drrAwt; to &vtL{)EtOv
toii °H «atoovwt; t'llV IAEcrO'laVtx'llv 13acrtA6Lav oMsv rrAEo'V
cr1}IAUtVEt il t'llv EreavOaOv tij£ rrgo toii xataXAtlO'J!oV

1. Ko:td :1taQoJ.LotO'V "tQO:1to'V a'V"tLJ.LI!'too:1tLtl!l 'to (}eJ.La Kal 0 Oscar Cull.

mann, Christ et Ie Temps, 1947. '160u J.LLa J.LL%Qa :1tBQI%O:1tT) Ell. "toil O'xe"tLxoil XI!q:>.
xai aLoo'VtOnlt;: «Atd 'tT)'V 8AA1J'VLXT)V O'xe'ljtL'V, xata,;T)'V U:1tO "toil IUchoo'Voc,;
v af!"tijt;, U1GttQXllL 1GOLO'tIXT) 6!C1.q:>oQd J.Ls'ta;u XQo'VO'll %aL "tT)v
o1Gota'V 6Laq:>oQdv ailv xa'td "tQon;o'V :1tAtlQ1J 1] a'V'tt{}I!O',-\; J-lsta;u :1t1!;1l;8QaO'J.LSVo'll
xai a1GI!£Qo'U. 'R aLoo"Lo'tljt; ail'V elva I , 6La oov 1] :1tQOtl%"taO'Lt; 'toil XQo'VO'll
"to a'tsAw"t1j'tov, aAAa"tL oAoot; auicpoQo'V. 11tol 1] a.:rro'llO'La 'toll XQOV01J... 'R aVy-
O'X€'ljttt; 1GQOtlQX8taL E% "toiJ 0 6E J.LIXQcl'V
t]O'XljO'IW S:1tLaQ(J.OW. Toiho ata?tqCV0J.LB'V ot! xat J.L8"ta;u
'tOO'V :1tA80'V 8'OQsoo'V XQt<J"tla'VL%OO'V S%%A1jO'La0'1:I%oo'V %aL {}soAoyt%OO'V %11%Aoo'V YLvl!'tat 6Lo.
XQLO'Lt; J.Ll!ta;u XQo'Vou %aL %a'td 'to'V IIAatoo'VL%o'V 't1111;0'V. At O'uv81GSLa-
L
';OOT01J elvaL cmouaa1;aL, O1Jvemiyo'VtaL M aAAoLooO'L'V "toil dQXlxoiI XQLO'tlCl.'VL%oil %lj.
QUYJ.Laoot;, lha'V 1i a{it1j 6:1t1jQl!o.t€1 ';T)V :1tQOO:1t1:lXT)'V 'rije;
to'toQLat; 'tijt; O'oo"t1jQLae;, ot :1tQootOL XQt<Jt!a'VoL %aL ot 'I01JaaLoL M'V aLaxQ£'V01J'V, 011;00c,;
ot QEAA1jvst;, J.Ls'ta;u XQOVO'll xaL ••• ' O'I!A. 43.
394

toil aV{}Qlo1CO'U' ot X(1L 1\ u/!{(QtlU {}eroQoiivt<XI EV •A1COXUAV'

'IjIecrtV 1\ uh LU 'H tOu
{}uvato'U ()SV crl1/!{(LVEL S;UcpavLcrLv tij;; 0
1Mvuto<; xul 1\ cp(}oQa VOOiiVtUL S()lO cD;; llrc01:EAecr/A<X1;U troy
()at/!ovrov, too\, EL()roAOAutQOOV xul. twv XutucrtQOCPWV, cr'UYEllELYStO
1\ X'UQLUQXLU uiStl1, cD; xul1\ XUMAO'U -(.1C'
Asv ELVat AOL1COV 1\ toii aV{}Qoorco'U iln; {}a xutuQY'I1{}ii xuta tOY
/!MAOVtU uioovu, aA.A' ut 1CUy(SE<; toii {}uv(ho'U {}u xutucrtQucpoiiv.
"OtL E; aAAO'U OL ()(XatOL {}a Aa/!1jJo'Uv cD; uYYEAoL EL;; tT]V
()SV cr'l1/!uh SL /!Stu/!OQcprocrLV troy CPVcrEro<; 1CV81JJlU
aAM /!ovov /!LUV M;uv. Toiito SLvUL ll/lcpovecrtEQov ta XroQtO
E'XSL'o'U 01CO'U 1\ aVVEALXT] acrtQLXT] M;u to')V ()LXOLrov EV tn aVtL"
1CuQuBcUAEtOL a{}A(uv XUL 1CEQLCPQOV'I1IAEVljV troy llQO tii;; /!w-
crLUVLXij;; 1C. X. Ev 'Evrox. 104,2). "OAu ta UllEQuv{}Qoomvu xaQa-
Xt'l1QLcrnxa tou av3Qoorw'U tou V80U llQ8JtEL va xotavooov·
tUL an:' uutij;; arco'ljlEro<;. 'E1Clcrl1; 1\ a1CaLcrLO()O;ta fito ;evov tL
tOY CPUQLcrU'Lcr/!OV' ot ()b(ULOL ficruv aQxouvtro;; 1tEJtELcr/!8VOL :1TEQl ()IXatO-
I
troy. O'
'UuSY to 'UJtEIJI-'UtLXOV xutu tOl'
11' ' . (.l , " M 1
esse 'UJtatVLcrcrOVtUL U1Cat-
e I •

crLO()O;OL
ITQE1CEL va cr'f)/lSLro{}ii Il()w OtL Ilvri> xuta BdcrLV 1\ toii Messel
eiVUL qirogiitUL EV to'U 1CUQU{}EroQroV tT]V E1C1. toov
a1CoxaA'UrctLxoov XSLJ,tiVroV J,.tEtUYEVscrtSQuv
E[vaL on 1CAsicrtat OcruL XQLanuvLxoil Mv
slvat aQXLxuL, aAA' SLtE aVt]xo'Uv EL; tS!J.aXLu fmo 1COAU
/lEtUYSVEcrtEQro;; Ev tui;; •A1tOXuAv'ljlScrL 1CQOcrtS{}fvtU, sLts EXo'Uv Mta tT]V
J,.tstacpQMLv fl aVtLYQocpi]v arco()o{}ij /!sta XQLcrtLaVLxij;; U1CO 1COA:U
/!Etayevecrt8Qrov, EvLOtE MOVOqJ'UcrLtOOV XQLcrtLaVroV /!EtocpQacrtoov ')tal. aVtL'
YQocpsrov. KAacrLxov 1CuQa()SLYJ,.tu t'Uyxavo'UV
ta xEcpaAat(l 'EvcOx 97 . 108, atLVa ts ti]v XUL ti]v

1\ -o1CO toii Messel 1CaQuyvcOQLaL;; tou XQL<ltLUVL'XOii

tOLOutroV ExcpQacrsoov, EQXOVtat sL;; tSA.slUV avtWEal v 1CQO;; to xu{}6-
AO'U 1tvEiiJ,.ta tij;; toov Ev toi:;; XSIJ,tiVOL<;, tocrounp J,.tiiAAOV xa{}oaov
o 1tsQl tOU oQo'U toii tlV{}gc01CO'U» EV ITa-
toii t'ou 'EvcOx cr'UJ,.t1CSQUtVSL Ott, ()VO 1tSQL1Ct'cOcrSroV,
BV 0 (SQo;; ofito;; crl1/!ULVEL EV L()wt'n /!oQCPU tOY tcrQa'l1ALtLxov AMV, €v
tai;; AOL1CaL<; 1CSQL1CtcOcrScrL to XSL/leVOV EXSl U1CMt'ij :1TOAV /!stayevs-

1. •Ayo'UQ£Ilt), 'E'VcOx. Tj.OL 0 Xo.Qo.)t1;1)Q neQ), tOO'll 'EO'xano'V ALIlCt.O')t(l·

,;oil ,;oil 'E'VcOx, ' A1lfjvo.L 1955, as)" 12
 895

()"fs(lav )((lLO'tlaVLXnV fj sivaL )((lLO'tLavLxij\;

:n:(lOSAEVO'Ero\; 1. Tn'\' a:n:01jlLv tavtfJV tOV Messel xaL 1)J.tEL\; EV
tq) avrot. J.tVfJJ.t. YIJ.trov 2. 'O<pllLAllL va. J.tEta. tot; Messel
OtL EV t(tL\; troy 1) :n:S(lL aV{}(lwrro'U xat 1) O')(S-
)((lOVO'U -aLroVtOtfJtO\; eivaL EV io'USa'LxaL";; •ArroxaAV'ljJS<iLV EVtSAro.,;; at
aural :n:(lo,,;; ta..,;; yvroO'ta..,;; 1)J.tLv EX tij.,;; II. "OO'OL O'tSVO)(ro(lOvvtaL
BLOtt EV tal";; •An:OXetAv'ljJEO'LV EAAfJvLO'nxaL :n:s(ll aV{}Qwrro'U fj :n:EQt )(Qovou av-
tLAll'IjJEt.,;; a.,;; O'tllVO)(roQovVtat tOLavtaL a:n:o'U'
urro dA.6xAfJgov tYJV II. €v :n:etQo5<p, tOtaVtaL
arrO'IjJllt.,;; urro OAOXAlIQOV tYJV 'Ayta'\' 9.

'A',).a. xal :n:goxSLJlSVOU :n:s(ll toti O'atava xal trov BatJ.tovrov 00:;; xaL rrEgl
tfj\; UVtt{}sO'sw.,;; autrov :n:go.,;; tov Bsov 6 Messel, EVq) u:n:o J.tLa.,;; UJtO'IjJllO>";; oO'a
ygci<pEL shaL og{}ci, rrOAV tYJv O'y}J.tetO'lUV trov Bta. LOU; O''Uyygu<PEL'';;
troy an:oxuAv'ljJllO>V xat BLa. tYJv O'vyxgovov tu KaLvu EO')(atoAoytuv
XU&OAO'U. Kuta. tov Messel, 1) t'lJ.t(J)(lLa trov BUL!!OVroV 1hto toti BEOt; l!)(SL
O'l1JA,aaLaV BLa. toil; uJtoxaA'UJtrLXOV;, lhon alltl'J xut' EtBLxOV t(lo:n:ov 8X-
tYJv XatllO't(l0<Pnv tfj; S'UVciJ.tEro.,;; trov dBroAoAat(lrov. 'R
vJt' autrov EV tq) xoO'J.tq) uaxo'UJ.tEVI') BUvaJ.tt";; sivaL (SUtJ.tOVLXll. OR uVtWSO'L:;;
tou Bsoii :n:Qo:;; tou; ButJA,ova.,;; SiVUL, xata. tOY Messel, &:n:Aro\;
{}(1)O'XE'UtLXn tij:;; YEVLXij.,;; S{}VLXO • {}(l110'X6'UtLXij; uvtLMO'Ero:;;
'Io'U8uLO>v xal E{}VLXroV', 'H ogyavroJ.tsvov O'VO'tllJ.tU EJ.t<pcivLO't.,;; trov BUL-
J.tol'rol' 00; avruvcixACtO'L";; tfj; oQyul'O>J.tSV1)";; 5'UvciJ.tEro; troy s{}Vtxrov.
"OJtro.,;; 1) MVilJ.tl";; troy WVtxrov JtoAAov,,;; AuO"";; xul x(lcit1). olltro
xal Ot BLci<po(lot !i{}vLxol {}eol oQyavouvtCtL v:n:o trtV tOU BEOti toti
x'UgtciQ)(o'U s{}vo'U";;. Outro:;; 1) trol' ButJ.tovrov, d :n:QSJtEL va. {}sO>-
QfjtCtL 00; {(JtoAtnxov J.tByS{}O:;;» 6. 'R xatCtO't(lo<PYJ tou xal troy BaLJ.to·
vrov xal 1) XCttetO't(lo<pYJ trov E{}VlXroV O'1)J.tatvo'UY xal to auto :n:QayJ.tu.
Movov liv taL.,;; ALa{}llXat:;; trov 12 ITUt(lLU(l)(roV 1) J.tVSLU toW 5CtL!!ovrov
My /lVyUtUl ta. XUt' autov tov tQoJtov, :n:a(laae)(EtUt d Messel. II(lo'
XEttUt, xu.' uutOV, JtE(lL 'EBro ta. XUXa. JtvEVJ.tatu oMsJ.tLav S)(OVV
O')(SO'lV Jt(lo,,;; to".,;; M}VLX01J£, uJtOt'EAOVV 01..00";; t't BLa<po(lOV troy xuxrov :n:vsv-
!!citrov xat troy <pVO'LXroy BCtLuoyrov tfj; Au·Lxii.,;; BSLO'LBatJ.tovtu.,;;. Aey stVCtL xav
O'VYXEX(lLJ.tSVUt J.tO(l<puC· siyCtL Jt(loo-O>JtO:n:OL1)O't.,;; BlU<POQO)V s<paJ.tciQtO>v xACO'so>v.

1. Der Menschensohn in den Bilderreden des Henoch, Giessen, Topel-

man, 1922.
2. "Ev{P dVIDt. 'A&i'jV(lL 1955.
3. BA. Oscar CuUmann, Christ et Ie Temps, 1947, a£A. 36 C. Tresmon
tant, Essai sur Ia Pensee Hebraique, Imprimatur, Paris, 1953·
4, wEw' liVID'!:. a8A. 164.
5. AutMh, a8A. 167.
396

•AAAa Ilsllovro!dvov to qJaLV61lEVOV t01;';0 BV

to')'II 12 IIu'tQLu(;txooV ()Ev avVutuL, KUfa tOY Messel, va {}EroQ1]{}ii 6>; avn-
:n:QOO'roltE;;OV tTjv to'UaU'LX'llV a:n:Ol!nV KU'tU K.
EtVUL qJUVeQOV an BltL 'to;; 0 Messel
BiC()1]AOL 'tu.; B; cOy acpoQ!liitat.
E'£aOIlEV to :n:Qo1]YOV!lSVOV XecpUAIlLOV o:n:o(u !11]Il(lO'LU a:n:oM8stut
tTjv LaBuv KQL!1Ero; ()Ul 1:Tjv toii IlS'tUYEVSO'tEQO'U LO'U()O."(O"IlOii.
'0 Messel, !1'UvsJtTj; tTjv YQulllltlv to'U, ,'lSroQeL tTjv KQtO"l'\' 6>; tLllroQLUV
EJtt toov BX{}QooV toii '!crQUtlA, to}V eLaroAoAutQooV. cH 8LKUVLKTj 1l0QqJTj {lqJ'
r)v JtuQt!1tatUL 11 asv !11]IlCLlVEL KQl!1LV Eltl tooV aV{}Qro:n:rov a't6wov
aVE'U «oH StVUL :n:a.V'totE aLKuvLKijr; lloQcpijr;, ()l6tL EivuL
:n:uvtOtS IlLU eLKroV' 'to clVnKELIlSVOV u-utijr; I'tVCLL :n:UVtO'te fJ BLa(a {l:n:eQ-
tooV EX{}Qoov» I , 'H llLaqJoQu 'tij::: touau'LiCijr; Kul XQL!1tlU-
JtfQl KQtaero; EVVOLU; StvUL ott, BVt$ aL' 1I1liX; 11 KQtaL; 'toii eEoii EX-
()l1Aoiitat cllleQOAt1:n:tro; e:n:l clVt}Qro:n:O'U 6>; (h61l0'U, (hu 'tov toU()u'(-
!11l()V ii xQtaL; EI..EL 6>; !1KOJtOV 'tYJv clltOAVr:Qro(}W 'tou '1 rrQ'lTjA tj tooV aLKuLrov,
'toil1:O ()S ouXl 6>; EiCqJQaI1LV tij; ()LKULOavVl']; toii ecou BV YEVEL dll' {lltO to
:n:QL!1IlU OU()BVa 'tij; XQL!1Sc.o; KaL oMe-
:n:8Ql LMa; !1rotl1QLa; a'Lcrt}u\,ovraL Ot MXULot 2. Ta. :n:QO
toii XgL rou clVOLy61lEVa Mv llaQt'UQoiiv :n:egL 'toov atollLKwV dllaQtLCov
'toov av-3QroJtrov dAAU JtsQ!. toov Ka.t 'toov KQLIl(itrov TooV et}vLKmv
xa.ta. 'tou ·I!1QotlA. MVataL va. aQV1]t}ii ott 11
{}tI'llO'KELU; 81xsv aQXta8L ev tt$ LO'U()U·LO'Ilt$. 'H ()L()UaKaALa
:n:sQl clvtaJtoM!1ero; lbtl tij; -11 1£grot'll tou atOIlL-
O"lloii - uJtoKatl!aru{}'ll ijJto ()L()aI1KaALa; :n:EQl &.lA· 11
EO'xatoAoYLKTj xQtaL; a€v «'0 ()SV
tTjv "Mav tij; dll' tTjv EA:n:L()a clVa!1'tuO'Ero;» 8.
·Eltl 'tEAo'l.l;, 11 KQLO'l; y(vs'taL nQo; to O"'UllqJEQOV toov ()Lxa(rov' touto

:n:QO!1roJtLKtlV to'U sut'UXlav, ()La. tTjv AVtQro!1LV 'to'U altO toov KaKo'UXlOOV tij;
sUQLaxsv nAtlQt} txavoJtoL1]!1LV 8V tii !1'UflIlE'toxii to'U SL; 'tTjv Ka{}oALKYJV
EVt'Ux,Lav toil Aaoii €v tii !lIl(HHavlK'fj d; tTjv oJtQLav {}a st!1a.yuy'lJ
()LKaLo'U; ii clVU!1t'U!1l;.
'Et}sroQtlaaIlEV avuyxaLov va. ()ro!1roIlEV AEJttOIlEQii JtEQLArJWLV 'twv d:n:6-
WEroV 'toli Messel, Kai ()L6tL Kunlv't1\O'sv ii EQS'U"(I. va IQ'll'
C1LIlOJtotii ()la va eW1\vsvO"'lJ 'tOv; 'Io'U-
6>;
1. Air.Mh, GIlA. 182.
2. Air.6ih, GsA. 184.
3. Au,;6{h. GSA. 185.
 397

krat til'v EuatOXLaV 'Xat (l'XQLBEtav tWV EQ!-t'l1VEtOh' toil Messel. To O''I1!-tuvtt'Xov
eLvat ott ODtOt;; W1t;; /HI)Et !-tLUV EI.'Xovu toil &:n:o'XaAv:n:tla!-tou toil yvoo-
arou taroQliwil {,:n:oBcH}Qov tOV 'Xat &q:>LVEt va I)tuq:>uLv'Yjtal E'X twv
, Arro'XaA,hjJEOOV 0, n rot;; tf)v xVQ(av 'XCf.tF.v{}vvat'V t1jt;; 'Xal
tilt;; O')(E1{JEOO;; tou 'Iovl)aLov twv XQovoov eXELvoov, tlJV :n:Qocr:n:(HlEtCf.V toii
'Iovl)uLov va ibtL tv;W tlJV to'IJ &:n:oxcn:uatao't'V xal tlJV {}Q'I1O'XEVtl'X'l]V
to'll &'vuyvooQtmv. '0 Ett;; 'Xul J.l.6vo; 9EO; twv 'Iovl)aLOOv OME:n:Otll {}a 1)l)v-
vuto va &vayvOOQtO'f}i1 v:n:o twv el}vtxwv rot;; totoiitot;;, sq:>oO'ov (} 'IaQulJA
xul 0 9EOt;; to'IJ fjO'uv vJtoteAdt;; to. 8{}V'I1 'Xal EJtO!-tEVOOt;; U:n:OtEAElt;; roO'uv-
tOO; d; to Vt;; 9EOV; twV E/}vwv. 'H &:toxutuO'taO'tt;; tou 'IO'QulJA fjto
I)la tOY EVO'I'Bii 'Io'IJl)uLov to sine qtla 110n tilt;; uJto twV €f}Vt'Xwv &va-
YVOOQLO'EOO; tou !-tOVO'IJ &Al']ihvoil 9colL Auto Etvat to XLV'I1tQov t()V 'Iov'
I)ULOV tijt;; 8JtOXi]t;; tou KVQLOV. '0 Messel tlJv tavt'l1v,
to I)E 8QYOV to'IJ, :n:aQa tat;; ?fAAa; SAAetljJEtt;; tOll, AOY£p 'X'lJQLlllt;; twv OQ{}OAO-
YLO'ttXWV JtQOiiJtO{}EO'EOOV tOU SQEllV'l']toii tOVtOV, &:n:OtEAEL xa{}' 1!J.l.Ut;; !-tLav ex
twv O':n:ovl)atOtEQOOV :n:QoO'Jtal'JEtWV aVtLxQovO'lloot;; twV a:1toJtELQwv XQIO'tlaV(OV
tlVOOV Aoyf,oov va :n:A'fJQooao'Uv 1)10. JtVEV!-tatt'Xov 'Xat {,:n:EQBatLxOv Mj{}EV
vOll!-taro; tat;; £'VVOLUt;; tfit;; aVYX,Qovo'U tfj K. Eax.atOAoyLat;;. 9EroQEL-
taL OAoot;; q:>VO'LXf) 1! toLuvt'l'] f,lEtaXElQLcrlt;; twv eaxutoAOYL'XWV EVVOlWV
€V til K. '0 'EBgalot;; toii IIavE:n:tO'tr}J.l.tOV tijt;; 'IEQov-
O'aAf)!-t Joseph Klausner EV tei> :n:EQL tov BLov tou 'Ir}O'ou EQY£p auwu, av(.t·
O'xo:n:WV tlJV8QIlvvav tWV XQlO'tlaVWV AOYlOOV xuta tat;; :1t"oltat;; /)Vo I)IlXUEttat;;
•-
tov moovot;; ,
J.l.a<;, J.l.f/.tq:>Etal " "00; axoJl.ovuOO<;;:«
a'IJtoVt;; ,.(\ K'at Ote xaJl.vtEQOl l
I it·
1:'':) avo

tWV», YQUq:>EL, «ot o:tolot £f,lEAEtr}aav Ba{}€OOt;; to {}hLa, 'Xat€BaAav J.l.llyUAr}V

:tQOO'Jtu{}WXV, roO'tE va EVQOVV Ev tei> 'Ir}O'oii 'XUn !-tlJ 'Iovl)a'';xov'
aU' €v til :1tQaYJ.l.atLxil i:atoQ 'I1}O'o1) oMEv tOLQvtov EDQOV, aq:>oii 1]
LO'tOQLU uvtr} I)la tovt;; xQltL'Xovt;; tovtOVt;; O'x.eMv IlLt;; to I-A'I1Mv.
'Ot;; E'X tovtov oMoAOOt;; EtVat f}av[,taO'tov on ett;; tat;; uQXat;; toii atwvot;; /.tat;;
uVIlBL(oO'EV 1] toii 18 'XaL 19 aLWVOt;; OtL 0 'I1}O'oiit;; oME:1totE I.

'H €aq:>aA!1EV'l'] uq:>Et'l']Qla I)vvatat va El; ta :n:AEOV a:n:f.{}ava O'V/.t:1tE-

QUO'J.l.ata.
ToO'auta xut :n:EQl twv a:n:01{JEOOV toii N. Messel.
4. '0 George Foot Moore ElvaL xata ta<;; ll/.tEQCl<;; !lat;; sit;; S'l( twv 0'0-
BaOoot6QOOV sQs'Uvr}twv tou O'vYXQovov til K. 'l.o'IJ{)a·ia!-toii. To J.l.Eya
2to/.tov 8QYOV tOV :tEQ1. tou ·Iovl)a'iO'J.l.oii xata toVt;; :n:Qo'>to'Ut;; alwvat;; J.I.. X.
€YVOOQLO'EV u:n:o tou 1927 loot;; to 1946 lIEVtS

1. Jesus of Najareth, Eng!. Transl by H. Dandy, N. York, the Mac Mil-

lan Co, 1926,
2. Judaism, in the First Centuries of the Christian Era, the Age of the
Tannaim, 5'1') ii'Ka, Harvard U niv. Press, 1946.
S98

'0 Moore CPQOVEL ott i\ {)QI'jO'XE'UttKiI O'I'j/lMIU troy :n:Egt troy /lEAAOV-
tow Lov8utKrov troy XgavOll' K. fiYXEttUt (If,-
trol' oQtO'tlKill' aE/A.E'UOlcrtl' :rtEgl &VtUltOMcrEOl<; /A.Eta {}UVUtOV,
ol'Xl till' :n:OLXtAtUV troy tga:n:wv xua' ECPUVtUO'l'l'l1O'Ul' tuvt'l1V ot aui·
CPOQOt 1, At LaEUL :n:Egt xUL &vta:n:oMcrEtO<; tij tavtn
x'UQtaQXoiiv tro'V tE :n:uAeXLOt6gOl'V xat troy /A.EtUYEVEcrtEQOl'V BLBALOl'V II, dLa-
<PULl'EtaL ex :rtgrot'l1<; O'IjJEOl<; :n:EQLEQYOl' OtL 0'1 'Iov()uloL, :n:aQa. til'V
O'tEQQa.'V :n:LO'ttl' tOOl' d<; till' 8txaLoO'o'Vl'jl' tou 0eou, BQu8UtEQOV il uL aQ'l'J-
O'XELaL O/A.6QOlV Aa:'Ov (Al.yu1tdOl'V, IIEQO'rov, tilv O'cpaiQu'V
tij<; &'VtUltOMO'EOl; :n:sQal' tij<; :n:UQOlJcrl'j<; AttLU tOU cput'VO/A.El'O'l.l tovto'U
EtVUL to'YEYO'VO<; on «iJ tou LOUaU'LCi/A.OU
(hucpoQD<; tij<; :rtaQa S8V80'tl' " at :n:gocpijtC(L tou'IO'Qa.qA
to lWl'o;, iJ M aLaacrxaALa tOOl' :n:EQL avtan:oM0'80l:. :n:EQ!. /A.EtU-
vOLa<; xa!. :n:EQ1 a:n:oxafacrtacrEOl;, w; &cpog!i)cra to €8l'O<;, EI.<;
tij<; Xi'lL &v lmijQ;Ev iJ 8XtUO'L<; E.1tL()ga-
O'EOl; tOOl' lAA'l1'VLXroV Aa'ixrov aC}'l')O'XEUtLxrol' r] CPLAOO'OCPLXrol' l.aEQW :rtEQ!. &aava-
crLa<; tij<; 'IjJ'I.Ixij<; xal :rtEg!. al'ta:n:oMO'EOl; 8:n:1 trol' 'IO'l.laaLOl'V tij<;
xata to'V U' :n:, X, atwvu, to Etl'UL otL i\ troy
taEOOl' :rtEg!. tGw /A.EA.A,6vtOlV €v tcP aV8EVtLXcP to'U8a'icr/A.cP i)'(OAOValjO'E :n:o-
QELU'V ex trov btaQaO'EOl'V a.
'H /lEMt'l1 1.0'Uaa'Lxij<; CPLAOAOYLa<; &:n:0 :n:.X.
()ELX'V'OEL :n:UQa. toi<; 'Io'Uaatm<; tij<; IIuAmcrtf;V'll<; €l'EcpaVLO'il'll i\ :n:LatL<;
Et<; tl}V XUAutSgUV tvX'll'V tro'V aLXaLCOV. <H :n:tO'tL<; uvt'll :n:ug' "EAA'llcrL 0''I.I'VEM8'll
:n:QO<; aVagOl:n:OAOYLXa.<; :n:EQl tOu a'VaQro:n:O'l.l
&ilavato'l.l xal. ex {lV'ljtou °H aut'll avO't'l')"
atOIlLO'tLXll, At e:n:LO'TJIlOL aO'llO'xELaL tro'V :n:6AEOlV tije; <EAMao<; :n:OAV !lAtyO'V
ijcrX.OAOUl'tO :n:E!}!. too'V /A.Eta. to'V {lavato'V, titL'Va &:n:EtEAoVV to :n:EaLOl' tOU EL8L-
xou el'aLacpsQol'to<; to'n ihacpoQOlv IlvcrtTJQrOl'V xal trov «O'Olt'llQLOAOYLXooV o/A.a-
()0l'V» (salvationist sects), r] E:n:acptEl'to ta<; :n:vEvllanxa.<; tOW

tOU iovaa'lO'/A.ou EtveXL i\ tMa xaL

<H tij<; :n:EQ!. /A.Eml'oLa<; xal {l8ta; O''I.IYYl'rof.,t'l1<; (haa-
trol' IIQo!P'lltw'V 0''I.Ivst8A8O'al'j ov)(.1. ala &:n:OQQL'ljJEOl<; t11<;
&AAa :n:aguAA..,AOl; :n:oo<; aih:"'v. «'H tMa O'Olt'llQLa<; tOU
&t6f.,to'U fito /A.B tiJl' €V'VoLav O'Olt'llQLa<; OA.OKA"'QOV

1. Mrr:61h, as:\., 389.

S, Mn;61h, os:\., 295.

4, Au-coirt, OilA-. Sl1.
 39(}

tOv Aaov. Tovt'o LOXVOE Kal Kata tf)v [LBtaYEVEOtEgIlV tii:; eoxatoAo-
YLa;;, ltaOOKE M EL<; ta<; LOVaa'Cxu<; tMa<; 3tEgl tooV /-tEAAOVtOOV tOY
a,hoov xagaxtf]ga»'.
eH OV/-t/-tEtOXf) el<; tOv XQvO'ovv atQlVa Et<; tu<; 11/-tBga<; tot) MEOO'LOV
lito 0 3tofto<; 3ta.vto<; '101.1aaLo1.1, '0 aiwv o-oto<; ij aL a-otal
ah EtVaL 3tagu 3tEQ'OaO<; tf]:; &'vftQOOltLVfl:; lO'tog'a<; e1tl tii; yij:; t 0:0 t11:;'
«'H aJtEAE1.1-8EQooO'u; tov 'logaf)A altO toil toov ELaOOAOACtl:Qoov xal 0 vBo:;
almv 0 oltoio<;{}u 3tOALtLxoo<;, xmVOOVlKoo<;,OLKOVO!-tLKoo<;, {}Q11O'KS1.1tt-
XOO<; Kal ij{hKoo<; U31:otEAEL 0, tL xaAELtaL d;; ta<; rQaqJa<; O'OOt11g(a», «11 O'OOt'llQLa
tov 'IO'gaf)A» (WaA/-t. 14,7), «11 O'oot'llg'a tov 0€Oii 11/-tooV» CHO'. 52,10),
I-tOYOV C6€XELVOL 01, o3toLodtu xata tov aLoova exsLvov {ta 3tELga.V
tfj;; O'oot'llQ'a<; 2. 'AgyotEgov o/-too; 01.00; qJVO'LXf) 11 O'1.1/-tI-tHoxl)
Et<; tOV /-tBAAovta. a.twva 3tgQ)tOV !-LEv toov /-ta.gtvgoov tov fbm ta. BE
3tavtoov tooV aLxa.LOOV €v avtc$. '0 !lovo<; tQ03tO; xa11' OV ij3Vvavto 01. '101.1-
aai:oL va Evvot]O'ovv 'tf)V EX3tAtlQOOO'LV 'tij<; 3tgo<; tou; aLxaLov; V3tOO'XEO'EOO<; 'tOV
0sov lito 11 JtgoO'aoXLa. va O-otOL 'l(a.l 3taALV e:n:1 'tij; Yii; 'tavt'll<; EV 'tc$
EgXO/-tEVCP atoovL KaL va
/-tEtaO'xovv 'tij<; O'oot11g(a.<; tou 'loga.t]A, «eH &'vaO''ta.crL<;
3tgay/-ta't'L 00; 1\ avayxa.(a. ovve:n:ELa. 'til<; OAl1<; aLaa.crX(lALa<; tij<;
rgaqJii<; :n:EgL O'OOt'llgLa.; toov aLxa(oov Kal :n:EgL tii<; /-tEya'.11:; tOOV
WOtE OVMAOO<; va civaL otL 01. IDaQLO'a.LoL E-oQOV taut'l1v oaqJoo<;
a LaqJaLVOI.l.Ev'l1V il u:n:oAav{}aV01.1O'av EL<; u3tavta 'ta /-tEQ'll tii<; 'toov» s,
Aoycp tii;; 'tOL(lut'lj<; O'XEO'SOO<; E-8VOU<; xal &to/-t01.1, O'1.1[LCPWVOO; xa.l 3tQo<;
to 3tQoqJ'ljttXOV xtlQ1.1y/-ta, 1\ O'OOt'l1QLa. 'tov (hoJ,AoV «:n:W'tEQOV EX tii;
/-tEtaVoLa<; il 'tij<; IkKaLoO'uvfl<; tov IWvov<; OVMOYLKoo;, «'H xat 0 "I.aga-
xtf)g exaOt01.1 a'to/-t01.1 asv aqJEwga /-tovov Et<,; ea1.1'to, aAA' EL<; OAOXAflQOV tov
t01.1aa'tXDv Aaov» '. El<; ta €AA'llVtO'tLXa MuO'ttlgLa 'to «'to/-tov E[L1.1sL'tO 00<; «'to-
/-tov «VEV XQLt'l1gLOOV xal xoog1<; KUV va ytvEtaL /-tMO<; oQyavwO'Ew<; tL-
VO<;, Bta va tvxn til<; EMaL/-toVta<; til; /-tEAAovO''l']<; /-tE'ta as 't'nv /-tV'ljOLV
El<; 'tf)V tEAEO'Lv tii.; xOLvii<; xal aVEyvooOLO'/-tEV'l1<; Aatoda<; tii; :n:OJ.EOO<;
fl; t1v aviixE' () LOUa(x'LO'/-tO<;, avtLl1stoo<;, lito 1] a'll/-toO"a u/-ta. xal :n:goO'OO:n;LXf)
{}Ql1O'xELa. tov tovaa'txov Aa.oil 4. "A<; 0''1'] /-tEL0011ii. 'tEAO<;, O'XEtLKUl<; Jtgo<; tl)v aLaa-
O'KaALa:v :n:Egl av'tan:oMO'Eoo<; BV tc$ [L8AAOVtL OtL a.1JC'l1 tilv :n:et-
Aaulv aLaaO'xaALetv avta:n:oMO'EOO<; evtii tooii tavtu, Mv tf)V vJtoxatEO't'ljO's 6 •
'Exto; tii<; :n:sg1 dVa.O't<lO'EOO<; aLaa.crXetALa; aEv V3tiiQXEV EV tc$ Louaa.·tO'!1c$

1. A{'r!;'o{h, 0'81... 312.

2. A.ll'1;o{h, O'BI... 312.
3. M)'to{h. O'BI... 314 )GUt 382.
4. Au'tOfh, (181... 319.
5. Mn;o{h, (1BI... 320.
6. Afl1;6{h, (181... 322.
400

MYfJa 11 xavrov ta scrx.ata. OL Tannaim

fJ. X, S{}EcrUV tf]V )'tOtXtAlav tooV )'tEQ! 'tOU ELXO-
VOlV. Kata tf]V )'tgo tou 70 fJ. X. )'tEQL030Y JAEcrcrtaVlXf] )'tgocrSoxLa
SS\' SLExgLVEtO troy lcrxatoov BV ySVEt. Movov x.agLY tfj;
IhaxgLVOfJEY mlfJEQov to'lJtoov. IIaga tf]V 3LU)'tLcrtoocrLV
BV ta )'tsQ1 toi:i XQ'Ucrou xat toil Mscrcrto'U SLXOcrLV t1JV
crootOfJSV'I'}V Lo'U3a'ix1Jv <PLAOAOYLUV o·i'JSUJAOU 0 G, F. Moore 0''1'}'
fJSlOt BAA'I'}VtO'tLX1lV tLVa B)'tl to Xl'll v)'tSgXOO'JALOV S)'tLSgaO'LV
Sv 3tagXLxil /A.og<pf] 'toil oga/A.cl'tLO'tou )'tgoO'Sw'
gLteL 1. IIgoO'<p'U€O'tuta 0 Moore 7Cagat'l'}get:
«'0 7Cgoet7CE t1Jv SAe'UO'tV toil MSO'O'LO'IJ SY t<'9 ii /A.Startgo·
O'ElEt /A.€AAOvtt· 0 oQa/A.anO'tf]; Utl't()y E7Cl tfj; ougavLo'U O'x'I'}Vll;'
'0 )'tgOMYEt tf]V &'7CoxataO'taO'tv 'Iego'UO'aA1l/A.,
xat mxga )'tOtS' 6 oga/A.anqtf]; JALUV Nsay 'IEgoUO'aAf]lt
xatEQXO/A.SV'l'}V SX troy ougav.rov Sta va {}S(\'tV
Tt aAAO {}il Muvato va XUWll; 'E<pavtuO'{}'I'}, AOL7COV, on 0 7C!}O;;·
7ClIQXS 7CgaY/A.an Ev (lva/A.syoov t1Jv rogay tOU 8eoii Sta va &'7Coxa-
A'U<p{}fi, ii ott Nsa w; 7CQuYfJatt SV ovguvot; EXttO'/A.SV'l')
{}a XatsA{}n /A.Lav troy f1/A.egooy 87C1 I'll;; A1Jt1J /A.aAAoV fi ta€a.
O'Ots OfJOO; 0 tQ67CO; auto; 3tat'U7CwO'soo; d)'toxaA'U7CtlXO; tu'
W{.HO'/A.EvOL O''Uyyga<pet; gsaAtO'tLxro; ta; troy
7CQO'l'}Y0'U/.Isvoov, to auto as sxaf!s. <p'UO'txa. xat (\ av{}goo7CO;» 2, Asv
V1fugXSt mlYil; troY Tannaim fi iSBa tou MSO'O'LOU w; )'tgo
tij; 'tou xOO'/A.o'U· oMa/A.ou o{;tO; {}6COgSLtat aUco; 11 XOLVO;
9, "E'V taL; "A7CoxaAU'WEO't )'ttOOO'ECO; 'IeQo'UO'aAf]/A.
(70 /A.. X,) Xl'll 81favUO'tuO'eco; 8)'tL •ASQlavou (135 /A.. X.) 0
&'va/A.s'Vetat va {}sO'n at; t1J'V Qco/A.all<f]v atltoxQa'togta'V, <pOVEUOOV EVLote
tOY tEA6UtaLov autoxgatoga 0
IIaga til 7COAt tLxfi tavtn 7Cgo0'30XLQ. tou XQ'UO'ou 3la tOY "IO'(mf]A

tegoy {}Q'I'}O'X6'UtLXOU 6. Kata tf]V a7Co'WLV tavt'l'}v, 1\

tOW otlQavrov O''UvLO'tatat x'Ug(oo; 61,; tf]V Otx01.l/A.E'VlX1Jv 3l(HlOO'LV tij; &'AI1{}OU;
{}g'l'}O'XcLl'l<;, fi o)'tOI.U xa{}l.crtutctt )'tLO'tL; xul EV tii tooij )'tuvtoov trov
sOvliJV 6, on Mv v7CagX6t &'O'l.lf!<pooyLU n; tij; &.vnA1l'

1. B)', 'Ayo'UQUI1J, 'Evrox, 'A{}ijvat, 1955, XE<p. B',

2. "Evil·. o.vro,;., as).. 343· 314.
3. Au,;o{h, as).. 349,

5. Au,;6{}t, asl. 371.

6. AU,;6{}L, ast 371.
 401

3tEQl /AEAAOUcr'rlt;; toti 8EOii xu1 tijt;; 3tQocr8ox(uG

- Ba.crLAEroG ·cov 'IcrQ(1)A f.V 'tq> XQ'Ucrq> utam, E<POcrOV (, toil
{j3tEtL6sto 0 dcruyrov tf)V tiiG 3tuyxocr/Al,o'U X1JQLUQXI,UG toil 8eoil 1 •
«<H io'U8u'LXf) EcrXUtOAOYI,U ELVctL 'to tEAE1JtULOV 8V tii
crEt {}!:)1]crXELUG, uL toil MWcrL01J &3totEAo13v to a3toxoQv<Pro/AU
E3vLXij; 2. "03tro;; xut StoVLcr{}'ll, oMe
tf)V /AEtUYEVWtBQUV {}EOAOytUV troy Tannaim to13 &to-
/AO'U &VtLXUtBO't1jcrE 3tOtE tl}V S{}VLXf)V ltQOO'/)OXLUV. Toilto XU6LcrtUtUL <pUVS-
QOv EX ltaQ' O'1JYXVO'EroG xut aO'u<pELuG tl}V XQijO'LV
taw 80'XUCOAOYLKWV oQrov. '0 «/AMArov uLwv» 83tl 3tuQu/). EXEL f.V tii
: (J'lll!U(VEL t1)\' tEAlX1}V EU/)o.L/AOVU )tutu-
O'tctcrlV /-lEta t1}V &VUO''tUO'LV xut 't1}V XQtO'LV' ii O''l1fJ,UtVEL taG 'toii
MEO'O'I,O'U' il &XO/Al1 O'TI/AatVEL t1}V SLafJ,OV1}V twV /)LXUtroV xuta t1}V ltEQLO/)OV
to;' {}Uva-tO'U XUL TO. uuta LO'Xvo'Uv xut 3tEQl
·E/)s/A». «EtvctL 3tL{}uvov», YQa<pEL (, Moore, «on to. O'tcfSLU
tuilra toil Sev SLEXQLVOVtO tooov GO'ov i1/AEtG {}a f.3tE6'UfJ,oil-
J.tEV» 4 _ O'l1fJ,UtVEL t1)V E3tUQUtOV SLUfJ,OV1}V trov 1jJ1JXWV tftlV &-
Mxrov {}uvat01J Kul O''l1J.tUI,VELO/AroG Ml t1}V teALK1}V
dB'UO'O'ov toil OltOLUG {}a. O-otOL, 1jJ'UX1} xUL crW/AU
o/-loii, [tEta tl}V tEAIXf]V XQI,O'w 6. Ka-6E ltQoO'3tcf3EIU trov
LO'U/)C(LKroV f.VVOLWV 3tEQl ,t(OV ltEguv toil ta<po1J /lLUV tcf!;w
xul O'1JVE1t:ELUV, t1}v OltOI,UV Mv Ex0'Uv. 'H O''l1[tUO'tu troy l:!YXELtctL t1)V 8V
uutULG /)lU3tLC1t01J!.u1v'l1v OQLO'tlXf]V {}E/lEA(roO'LV tnG mgt J.tEta {}uvutov uVtU3tO-
oux,l t1}V 3tOU<LAtUV troy. m f.XQ'l1O'L/AO-
3tOLO'U'V to. XEI,!!!:VU 3tOA,) EAE'U{}EQroG. a<poil. <lUroO'rE, to OAOV {}E/lU f.O'XUto·
&VijXEV t1)V t01Jllct'LX1}V Haggadah 8.
ToO'a1ha xui ltEQl trov Ult61jJEroV tou G. P. Moore, ut 03tOiaL altOrE-.
AOUV o,n ltMov O'uY;Wovov l:!XEL YQu<Pij ltEQl, O''UYXQO\o'U tii
K. f.O'xutOAOyI,UG.

1. Aut6-&I, GSi,., 373.

2. Au.Mh, (J8A. 377.
3. Au.Mh, GSA. 379,
4. Aut6-&t, (J8A. 39J.
5, Au.6-&1.
6. Aut6-&t, asA. 389.
 402

nAPAPTHMA
H opr ANIKH BIBAIKH2

'EK ALIlV O''UVCO(,to'U taW rrllQa

xat 8xAoyilv 8llE'6V1JC; xlllltO'U O'WV &rrO'ljlErov
rrEll) O''UY'X.llOVOU tn K. ALIl{}'l]KU Lo'U3u'Cxijc; XlltEO't1\, vo(,tL'
tOIlEV, !PUVEllOV, ott YJ 't01JtroV ()'UO't'U'X.wC; tlrro aUXll'X.LXWV xulsAA'llvL'
O'tLXWV &n:O'ljlEroV OQ(,tiXtUL sQ!l'llvduv tWY EO';(.UtOAOytXWV 8VVOLWV xul
E'LltOVroV tijc; O''UY'X.QOVO'U til K. Am{}'l]xu O'rotoIlEV1)C;
Kut60't'll 8rrLO"l')e; !p\xVEQOV ott arrllVteC; 01' EllE'UV1\tul OiitoL, aVE'U
., '" , J.
't'IV u'Ut'llV ULUQ'X.tX'llV Xa.l, EI\I\'llVLO'tllhIV
<1'
Ulto'ljlt'V (,tEtU!p8QO'UV KilL EV t1) <
>I " , N ,

troy 'tije; K. ALaXllLVO'UV {)'llA. Ot EQIlUV1)tUr. O-otOL

tije; nElll tWV 80'Xatrov ITuAuLiie; Kill 'tije; <h{)(l()'xu-
ALae; tije; K. rrEQl uVtwv, tiJv tEAIl'U CULUV &no tfie; O''UY-
;Wovou LOU{)U'C'Kije; 80''X.utOAOyLIle;, 8vtoe; tijc; onotlle; IlVQLO'XO'UV 81tl{)QaO'ELe; tijc;
{)lullX.LIlC; ')((11 toU &VlltoALXOV O''UyxQ'llttO'(,tov.
'E'K tije; uno'ljleroe; 'tllvt'lle; EV tULe; Allltto(,tEQELClLe; t'lle;,
roe; 8X{)'ll)..OVtIlL nUQa 'tOLe; Xllt' tMuv vnoO''t'llQLXtute; uvtij;, on
(ha A.6yo'Ue; !PLAoAoYL'lmUe; xul to'tOQLX01Je; {)EV 3VVIltUL va tlnoO't'llQL'
'lail {)LUllXLXfJ •AVIll'OAWV 8rrl tije; Lou8u'CK1je; 80'x.((toAO-
tOu O''UYx.llOVO'U tii K. ALU{}'l]Y.U LO'U{)U'CO'(,to13 xal n€O(,t8VClle; oMIl(,tLU 8lt
-,
tCAIl'Utll ( "
tOLU'Ut1\ I", , ,
E1tl t'IV K • LUU"'llXT]V.
A (t , "'0 O'U U!p
, . EtEllOU
<, ,\: '-<1
e."E'tEu'll-
O'UV ev tULe; &'rro'ljlSO't'V tWV 8)( t{j)V !pLAIlAIl'U{}8llWV 8gll'UV'l')tWV vnoO't'llQLXtWV
tije; V€OtT]tO; tij; EO''X.UtOAoyLae;, t{)U:fi.tUtll EV &no'ljlEO'Lv toV
G. F. Moore, tilv OQYUVl'KfJV 8vOtT]tU tWV EO'x,atrov Ev tn
IIaAatij ALU''}'l]Ktl xaL EV tiP 1.0'U{)u'CO'!liP.
"Eq>6O'ov tl rcOO't'll{)LtlltUL Svtu13{}u 11 ev nQo'ihw{}80'llO'LV hot'lle;
II, 1.0'U{)u'CO'!lOV 'Kat K. &'1tOXAIlLO(,t8VroV
nOte {)LIlJ'X.L'KWV 8/tl5QuO'Ilrov 8nL t&v {)vo 'tSAB'UtULroV, {}a nQEnlll xll'ta tQonov

sivaL aXQro; Sv{)LIl!pEQ\JV, ()LOn &!poQij tae; O'x.€ creu; twv avo Aw.{}T]xwv. 'Em}-
VELAT]f.,t(,tEvroe; 8V tii !lEA.6tU tcuJt't} f] EV tii •AyLq. rQu!pij hOtT]e; fuvof.,taO'{)1\ «ollYu'
VLX1]». Awtl; Al(hL hacrtov vEov O'tQWf.,tCl ete; tflv itll'llO'ltE'UtLXi]V I.crtOQLUV
tov nEQLo'UO'LO'U A!lOV &.rrotet..sL O''U!lnA1]QroO'L'V 'Kat E'K vEo" 8Qf.,t'llVStUV toil nQO'l')"
YO'Uf.,tEVO'U vrro t-YJv xU{}O()'l]Y'llcrLV to13 IIveuf.,tutoe; t013 esoil. Toiito
Lcr'X.VEL 'Ka3' o;"T]v tljv Yllct(,t!lfJV &.no 1(al tow ITu-
'tQLUQX. WV {)La die; 6QT]O'Kslae; tou Mroij0'8ro;, tOU 'HALU xal twv &llxaLrov
'twv
uvaXULVLO'tWv 11I1t« ti]v EX ErrLO''tQo!p'l]V, 'Cwv :ko!pwv xal tWV
WaA(,tcpBwv t013 sitvo'Ue;, ,...8XQL tov AUVL'l]A.
 403

'E:n:'ll?<oAOV{}'llcrEv fJ 6x VEOU EQJ.,f,'llV€ta ':n:atQo:n:aQaMtou xal 6A:n:t"

6v tti d:n:OXQVqJO,? aUC'll AOYO,? troy Hltal tEo
Qrov :n:OAl tLXWV crUV1'l'llXroV Kat troy :n:lEcrEroV troy s:n:l cruYYQa-
troy u:n:OXQVqJrov toutrov SQYrov, EJ.,f,ElVEV 8XtO;
toil €lEOV, to K'l]QUYJ.,f,a, Kat ()UX
tOUtO :n:aQEJ.,f,ELV€ hto; tov trov {}€O:n:VEVcrtroV
TI. eR Kat fJ tou :n:EQLO'UcrLOU ],aoil 8tUX,€ t€ABU"
crUJ.,f,:n:A'llQrocr€ro; xal 8v til K. L\lU{}'l]Kn.
Tov NoJ.,f,oV xal cruV€:n:A'l]Qrocr€V xal v:n:oxatEcrt'llcr€V (} K
tov ()S xat& cruQxu uvtlxutecrt'l1crEv 0 'IcrQu1]A XUtU :n:vEiiJ.,f,u, l1foL
'ExxA'llcrCa toii XQLatOii.
eR OQYUVLX1] a{)t'll tii; xal f.l,€tct;V
xal Mv a/tot€A€i tEX,Vr)tOV n XatctcrKEUCl<rJ.,f,a,
8:n:l twv f.l,uQtuQouV'trov t1]v {}Q'Y)crKEUtlxfJv iaroQtuv to;:; 'I<1QafJA I.EQroV
XELJ.,f,EVroV· dvn{}Etro;;, xata t1]v aXE'\jJlv twV TIatEQrov 'Ex"
to to;:; fhoii.
t1]V :n:ul()ayroytav taut'Y)v 0 &()'l]y'llaE tOV AaOV-L()LaLtutu to 6v ti{)
Aai{) «Vl£OAELI1J.,f,a»-()L& 't& uQx,Lxa {}Q'I1aKEUt'LX(t YEYO"
vota xal ()la 8V vEo'U "Exctcrtov :n:QOllYOU-
f.l,EVOV <1ta()LOV XaLl£Qot'U:n:rovIlL to E:n:OJ.,f,EVOV. eY:n:' aVf1]V 8V-
VOLaV 1\ IIuAtlLa L\La{}'l]K'll Etvm :n:QorruQ<XaxE'lJi) xat 'tou
XQLatoU ?tal Toiito ()€ tax:uEL d:n:o toil :n:Qroto'U crtQrof.l,a,to;
J.,f,ex,QL toil t€AIl'UtaLou. L\h dqJoQ(i f.l,OVOV dl1eao'U; l£QOqJ'Y)'tELU;
<lAA' OAOXATlQOV tljv II. L\LU{}'l]XTlV, 1\ o:n:oLa OAOXAt')QO; oMh £1:sQov sivat
rrQoqJt]TELa :n:EQt toil XQLcrtOu xat 1. tfJV :n:EQLl£troaLv avtilv
{}& l)()uvato va €''::n:non i\ tfJV qJ'UAO-
yevEcrLv. Kut ta I1BV IhaqJoQa cft'Qrof.l,atu 8V til :n:(atEro;; xal
()UVatul va ()lEQEUV'l]crn 1\ LatOQLXfJ xal qJL 1..0AOYLXfJ xQmK'l]. To yEyO-
{}sCa;; <11£0 tou 6VO; to 8TEQOV uqJL<1taWL t1i1:
avay€taL ()8 aqJalQav twv crxeMrov toil eEO;:;
(Prof.l,. 11, 33). METa tou tovtou cruV()eEtaL xul 1\ u:n:o tou Ex&'-
(itOtE vEo'U ata6(ou tOil :n:Qot')ymlf.l,Evou ovX1 &; tou qJuaLxw;; :n:QOt')you'
,.,.,evou crta,{}f.l,oii f.l,l<l<; qJ'Ucrtx1i;; xal aAA' 00; :n:QO-
xal .TfJV VitO tfJV xa{}O()'l]Yl1<1lV
wii elloil to :n:Qo'Y)YO'UJ.,f,EVI1;; vot')J.,f,a.
Ta :n:QOl1youJ.,f,llva crtOLx,llla xaAoilvtat 8v f.l,EV tii K. L\La-
«tV:n:OL» (A' KOQ. 10,6), «crxLa 'Cow /1EAAOvtroV» (KOA. 2,17), <dJ:n:o'
()ELYJ.,f,U xal crxLa» 8,5), «<1XlU» 10,1), :n:aQa ()8 TIatQaat

1. BA. R. V. G. Tasker, The Old testament in the New Testament, 1946.

 401

«:JtQotv nrofJ,Il», «l'CQrotOtUl'CrofJ,Il», «JtQOXEv"t'fjfJ.\l», «JtQOIlVllt'Ul'CrocrW';» Xt}.. °H

uutfJ xllL EQ!1'fjVELIl lOi) eEOii
QVOfJ,UtEtUL Vl'CO twV I1llt£Qrov <d}EroQLu» 1\ «aAA'fjyoQlu» '. 'Yl'C'
1] 11. Lhuihlx'fj l)Sv fjto fJ,OVOV EV tii JtQrotU xull)sv JtIlQUIJ.€-
VEL JtanotE 'AYLU rQ(l.{pl) 't'WV XQLcrnuvwv, aAA' al'CEtEAEcrE to VAlXOV
di xa1. tl)V AUtQElllV fJ,EXQL mifJ,EQOV xu1
AELtO'UQYL'lCOV uvtij\; XE(fJ,EVOV". Mv EivUl 1] l1u-
SV tii KllLvU 9. OUtE 1] l'CVE'UfJ,UtLXl) EQ!1'fjVElU
XUtUQYEt to ([QYOV xul •AfJ,q>ouQuL £lA-
A'fjAOVl'Cocrt'fjQLtovtllL xul dAA'fjAocr'UfJ,l'CA'fjQoiivtllL. 'Eq>ocrov 0 EV€QYEL XUL
a1tOXaAUl'CtEtUL toii tcrtoQlxoii Y(YVEcr{}IlL, EiVUL q>'UcrLXOV va xu"tuvorov-
tat «ta LcrtoQLxa «ta l)f, JtVE1J!!UtLXa to SQro-
1. Henri de Lubac, S. J. Catholicisme, seme ed., 1952 O'SA. 134 (L'Inter-
pretation de l'Ecriture), evau xul dvttTtuQa{}sO'Le;; -rije;; xUL\'olhu{}'llXLltfje;; o.i..A'llYo-
QLUe;; :1tQoe;; 1:i}v WLAroVLlLi}V xal ,;i}v ei..i..'llVLO'nXT]V «di..i..'llyoQta'V». 'Ev i..£uv 1I:SQL-
O':1touMO't<p 8QY<P 1:oii Jean Danielou, Sacramentum Futuri, Etudes sur les
origines de la Typologie Biblique, IQSO, O'1J'Vayo'Vl(lL 1:a dltOAou{}a
O'llutu : a) °H ii..-r:o tOOV IIa'tiQrov 8S.qY'I)0'L<;; 1:fje;; II. (111:01:£i..llt 811:8%t(1O'LV
1:ije;; flIlO'O'LUvLxfje;; 1:0l'V llQocp'l11:ooV lfjc;; n. 0\ 01l:0LOL 1I:CQLsYQa"Va'V
tT]V flsl..i..oUO'uv flaO'Li..lltUV roe;; e'Vu vsov IIuQ<.i,acLO'o'V, roC;; fltaV vsav "Esoaov, roe;; evu
wov X(l1;uxi..UO'flOV. 13) To UQXlXOV XQLO'tLavLxov x""QuYflu stxs roe;; eva ex 1:00V O'X01l:00V
1:0U t.q'V MOaSLSL'V tijc;; Ev 1I:QoO'O)1t<P 1:0U 'I'I)O'oU 1'£QaYf.t(lt01l:0L.qO'sroC;; too'V 1:U:1too'V
II. A iO'OJ<;; va eXQ'I)O'Lfl0:TtOLOUVtO :TtQOC;; 1:0uto ltut stalxut O'UAAOYUt, Testimonia,
O:1tOtUe;; O'UVEi..SyO'VtO tOLOUtOL 1:mOL ex 1:00V rQacpoov. y) 'Ev 1:0te;; flLj3AtOL<;;
K. aLClltQLvOV1:CH aUG XUQlaL tU:1tOAoYLx.al taO'EL<;;. c·H I1La, ex:TtQoO'ro1l:0UflSV'I) ir.n:o
toU Evayysi..Lou 1:0ii Ma1:6-aLou, fli..S:1tSL 1:0UC;; 1:U:1tOUe;; :TtQuYfla1:0:TtOLOUfl6VOU<;; ev
tije;; a:Tti. l;roijc;; 1:0ii XQLO'tOU' Ti aAA'll. tilv O:Tto(a'l' 1:0
EvaYY6ALOV 1:oU 'IcotlVVOlJ, fli..SttSL a>01:0Ue;; :Tti..lJQou!16VOUC;; !!iii..AOV 8'1' 1:01:e;; flUO't'l1QLOL<;;
'EXXA'llO'£ae;;» (O'tlA. 257). a) IIaQa tOte;; IIa1:QaO'L dflCPOtBQaL at t<lO'tlLC;; O'uvEx£l;o'l'taL.
E) 'H Elc;; tT]V :1tVEUflU1:Llt7]V l;roilv 1:1\e;; 8cpaQlloyi} 1:00V tU:1trov dw-
mUX{}'I) e'V tn :TtvEuflanx01:'I)n 1:ije;; :Ixoi..ije;; tije;; 'AAs;aVaQStOe;;. 0'1:) 'H W1I:0AO-
ytxi} tOOV IIa1;sQrov, 8'1' O'UVOMp t'l1C;; XQL'I'Ofl8V'!}, d1l:scpuys tae;;

ni..o'UO'La 8:1ti. 1:oU 1:ije;; I3LI3ALOYQacpLa.

2. IIOAil I.lLacprotLO'n%aL MO 1:ij<;; a>Otije;; atd ti}'I' 8'1' 1:n XQijO'w
II. EtvaL ut flSAtltaL tou Louis Bouyer, Le Mystere Pascale, Medi-
tation sur la Liturgie des trois derniers jours de la semaine Sainte. 3eme ed,
1950, &to'll roQ<llotat(l dvai..-oov1:at at uxoi..ou{}CaL 1:00'1' tQLOOV 1:l:!AIl'UtOL(IlV TiflSQOOV tije;;
fl8 j3tlO'w 1:0V '¥aAtijQa, 1:0Ue;; IIQocp""tae;; xaL ai..Aa j3Lj3Aia
II. 1:00 A>Otou, Liturgie et Exegese Spirituelle, 8V La Maison-
Dieu, 3eme Trimestre, 1946, O'SA. 27·50.
3. Av{}aLQIlO'(at O'uwj3'l1O'av 8XtoC;; K. sre;; ts t.qv UQxaLOt'l1ta (BA.

XQ6volJ {}Eoi..oyCac;;. ('0 IIQotsO'ta'VtLO'floc;; Et'VaL :n:a'Vtotll e:rtLQQE:n:.qC;; de;;

1:ae;; u1I:sQfloMc;;). Bi... Wilhelm Vischer, Christuszeugniss.
 405

t1'\f,1a, 1tOLal' a1'\f,1Mlav Buvatat vr) exn 3ta tTiv El' to 1tugovtt O'COtY\QLav tOii
XQtO'tLavoil ft XQOVtxTi 31.u/loxTi YEYO\>OtCOV 'Kat /lt3M'XflltiilV t'ij.; II. Ata1hl'
X1'\';, EaV ft II. ALa{hl'K1) eivat f,10VOV 1tg01taQMXE'Ui} EXELVO'IJ 01tEg EV Xglat0
«€nA1'\gw{hp>, 0 Cullmann anavtlj : «Ta 3uo YEyoVOta-ft xa{)a'IJto O'1'\f,1a'
aLa to f,1oHt3t'KOV uflto naQM{)ov a1tO'KaAU1ttEt £v axsaEt ngo<; till' {O'to'
QLav tfj.; O'oot1'\Ql.a.; (1tQOltaQMxE'Ui}) xal ft O'Xsat.; au'coil f,1Eta toii f,1ova·
3t'KOU xEvtQt'Koii YEyoVOtO'; (1tA1!gooO't.;)-xal-tvo'IJV matE, £l' tii K. Ata{).qxn,
to naQEAt%v totito, {)EoogOtlf,1EVOV &.; «IIaAaLa Ata{)1!xij», va 3tat1'\QU till' €v,
to 1tagovn 'to'IJ 3ta till' aoot1'\Q'av. To xEvtgtXOV YEYOVO';, ft €/tqJal't·
at.; toii XQtO'toti IhaqJootitEtat nQaY/tan /lui tfj.; nQon:agaaxs'Ufj.; to'U El' tii
II. Ata{).qxn, aqJoil 'l'j tEAt'UtaLa a{lt1'\ AaBu to qJro.; t1'\'; EX tij.; alhfj.; EO'tLa.;.
ITgoxEttat n:sQL 'KVXAO'IJ. ·0 {)uvato.; 'KaL ft avaO'raal'; toii XQtatoii anttQ8'
no'Uv ELC; tOl' XQlatLavLa/tov va avayvoogl.tn EV til toti •AMf,1 'Kat
EV tii toii 'IO'gcti}A. till' n:go1tag:lax€'Ui}v til; O'ta'UQwO'soo; xal tfj.;
al'aaraasoo; tou 'l1'\aou. TavaltaAlv, ft tat02La tou 'AMf,1 'Kat ft LO'toQLa toil
06too va
El'mgslto1! II 101.; tov xgLanaVLaf,1(l'\'
tWQa to EQyol' tou 'l1)aoti XQlO'tOii, Etrta'UgOOf,18l'O'U xal avaaravto.;, 8V til
aXSO'Et to'U f,1Eta tOU {JELO'U O'x,EMo'U til.; O'OOt1)g(a.;» 1. 'H U1to\jJt<; a{)t1) tOU
Cullmann M ErvaL oQ{)1!, EaV auf,t1tA1'\Qoo{)ii V1tO tfj.; avayvOOQLaEOO'; on Ihd till'
K. xal 3La tou.; ITatEQa.; UMgX,O'UV 8V til II. Ala31!xtI 8'KtO'; 'trol'
ulloov xal nQoQQt]trEL'; AsntOf,tsgrol' nvoov YEYOl'Otoov tfj.; tooil.; tOU Kug1,0'U,
Xgovlxol xal toltL'Kol ngoa/llOgtaf,tol" t3LaL-tEgaL 'tLVS; €xqJgaO'ELC; xaL YEYO'
vOta, anva mxvta al'aqJ8gol'tat af,tfaoo; lOt; till' 'tov'I1'\O'oti XQLO'toii.
Ala tTiv ihnO'tOLxial' 'taut'lll' {)a 1t(lE1tSl va avaYl'oogtO't'}u
EL3LX.q tl'; ngovoLa toti 8soii, d1toBU\jJaaa at; till' ouxl f,tOVOl'
tOU YEYOl'OtO; Ott ft VS(l {)QijO'xEl,a EivaL ft nAflQOOO'LC; 'tij.; LO'togLa.; 'tij; 0'00-
t'llgLa;, dUa 'Kat on dvat {JEl,ac; 1tgoMEtlO'EOO; 2.
Ala till' K. ALa{).qXijl' OAOXAIJQO; ft IT. ALat'}J]X1'\, 'Ka'ta to O'XE/lwv 'KaL till'
ngovolav 'toil E>Eoii, sygaqJij &; exa ()ta va ngoStoqlaO'n, 1tQoqJ'lltEuan 'Kat nQo·
t'U1tWO'u ta nEgL 'toii XQLatoii 'KaL tij; 8V Aut0 {)ela; OLXol'of,tLa;. Toiito
d1tOtSAtL, f,1'Uat.qQLOv aV{)QooltLl'OO;. A"ti) stVaL 'KaiJ6Aou
ft nsgL IT. Ata{).qx1'\<; aVtLA'I'\ \In; tfj.; x,QLO'tLal'lxijc; niO't(;OO;, 'Kat' afltilv M
at ()l'lly-rlaSt.; tij; II. ALa{).qJ('ll; axo'Uv 31,1tAOVV 11 tQt1tAoiiv vOl'}f,1a,
-il't0l exoul' to Xata vOljl-ta, till' Sv avaqJoglj ngo; toV XgLO'tOV 'KaL till'
'E )('KAljaLaV 't'U1tOAOYl'K1}V avtrov El'l'oLav 'Kat 'till' avaAoYLxilv EV\,OLav, ()1'\A..
tf)v s'i.; ftf.1ii; toil; a'Kgo(lta.; 11 avayvwO'ta; toii A6yo'U dvaqJEQOf,tfv1'\l'. Aflto

1. Oscar Cullmann. Christ et Ie Temps, Paris, 1947. as'J... 97.

2. B'J... Vincent Henry Stanton, The Jewish and the Christian Messiah,
A Study in the earliest History of Christianity, Edinburgh, 1886, as'J... 199.
9EOAOrIA, T6f.J.oC; KZ' TsOxoC; r' 26
406

EtVCtL 't'o Triplex Sensus tV:rto TO :rtQLO'(.ta 't'OVt'O XQ1'\O'l(.t01tOLEL

(\ KVQlOe; tYJV IT. ALaihl'K1'\v (MaAax. 4,4), (S't'av :rtEQl tov ITQoaQO(.to'U MYEL:
«KaL Et {}EAEtE autOe; fO'tLV 'RALac; (\ I1MAWV SQXEO'{}(ll» (Mati),
11,14), ij (Stav MYn (StL E'te; trt y YEVEav taVt'l1V Mv -Ba ao-Bii f:tEQOV O''l1(.tEiov
«Et (.tYJ to O'fl(.tELOV 'Iwvii TOV (Mati). 12,39). tV:rt' (1)'t'o 't'o
:rtvEv(.ta :rtQOC; 't'oile; Etc; 'EI1(.taoilc; Mai}'l1't'ac; a:rto MW1i'
O'SWC; 'Xal a:rto :rtdVtwv trov :rtQoqHl t'rov aLEQ(.t'l1VEVEV aut'ote; fV :rtdcraLC; talC;
YQaIJmte; ta :rtEQL €a'Utov» (Ao'U'K. 24,27). 'V:rto tac; autae; :rtQo1irroi}EO'ELe;
:rtQE:rtBL va €Q(.t1'\VEVWytaL X((t 01. AOYOL TOV K'UQLO'U EV 'Iwav. 5,45, 01t0'U
oi'it;oe; roe; tfje; a1tLcrttae; 't'rov 'Io'UBaLwv auto'll tovt'OV
to'll Mw1icrfjv (<<Et VaQ f:rtLcrtEVEtE MWi.iO'EL, ElttcrtEUEtll. av E(.tOL' :rtEQL yaQ
EXEivoe; eYQcnjJEv. Et M toie; E'XeLVO'U VQa(.t!1acrLv ou mcrtEVEtS, :rtroe; tote;
E(.tOLe; Q'I1(.taO'Lv 1tLcrtSUO'EtE ;»), Ev 3,14 :rtEQL tiie; tnjJroO'Ewe; tOv O<pEWe; EV 't'ij
'XaL tiie; ihjJroO'swe; tov V'iov tov &v{}Qro1to'U, 'Xal EV 8,56 «'
(\ :rta'tYJQ UJlOOv llyaAALaO'ato Lva tan YtJ-tSQav 'trtv xal dasv xaL
€xaQ'l1»' EtvaL yvwcrt'ov E:rtLO''l1C; (),(L <Xl'ta'llt'sc; OL E-O((YVEALcrt'Ctl xa'ta 't'OY auto'll
't'gO:rtO'll XQ'l'JcrLJl0:rtOLOV'II t'rt'll IT. 'I/lLaLt(J.ta (\ EuaYYEAL<1'trte;
Ma't'i}atoe; aLa l'ta'llta O'xEMv A6yo'll 'XaL Ilia :rtiicra'll tOV 1toil
I" 'll""
Jl'll1'\JlO'llE'UEL avmpSQEL 'XaL 't'"v uVtLcrtOLX0'll :rtQ0<P'I'JtSW'II'1 to'll a'll'UcrtoLX0'll t'U"
:rtO'll. Etc; tae; tOO'll •A:rtOO'tOAWV a:rtllvtiiHl EY taL'; (\IlLALcnc; trov • A:rto>
crtOAW'II yt :rtAoMLa XQf)O'Le; tiie; IT. 'E'X troy :rtOA>
A(O'll E:rtt tou {}sIlatOe; tovt'o'U XWQLW'II EV 't'aie; E1tLcrtoAaLe; tOV IIa:vAO'U i}a
<1'I'JJlSLrocrwllE'II JlOVO'll Mo XOQaXt'l1QLO'tLXa: a) B' KOQLV{}. 3, 12 «"Exo'llt'se;
o{iv tOL((Ut'I'J'II EAn:(aa :rtOAAij XQroJlEi}a, 'Xal. 01J xa-Ba1tEQ Mwv(Jijr;
hUh, XaAVI'I'CJ. enl TO ne6awnov :rtQOC; to (.tt} at'svLO'aL 't'ove; 'ULOVC;
'IcrQaYJA :rtQOC; '"'0 tEAoC; tOU xataQyo'UJls'IIo'U. ' AAAa . E1tWQroi}'I'J ta v0'l1Jlata
autro'll. "AXQL yag tfje; rJJlfQae; to aut'o 'XaA'UIlJla E1tt tijavaY'llrocrEt
tfjc; ITuAaLac; JlEvEL, Ill) a:vaxaA'U1tt'o(.tE'IIOV OtL E'II XQlO'tiP xataQ"
yeitaL' aAA' Ewe; rJvL'Xa a'll ayaYLVrocrx'l'Jt'aL MWi.iO'fjc; 'Xai.'U(.tJla E:rtL

'to xaAvl'l'a. '0 M KUQtOe; 't'o ITvEUJla EO'tLV' oi'i M TO ITvEvJla K'UQto'U,
EAE'U{}SQLa... ». j3) A' KOQLV3. 9,8, €'IIi}a (\ , A:rtocrtoAoe; (\(.tLArov :rtEQl. tfje;
cl/lOtBiic; trov EQyatOOv tOu EuayysALo'U a'lla<psQst'aL GLe; to XWQLOV tou AS'Ut'EQ'
25,4: «IlTJ 'XaTa aV{}Qwn:ov tauta AaA.ro, fl xaL (\ 'II0ll0e; taut'(l 01'1 MYEL;
'E'II yaQ tiP Mwilcrswe; 'II0Jl'll YSYQalt'taL: Oll X'll'wustr; /JofJv aAoroVta. MTJ
tro'll BoOOv JlSAEL tiP 0eiP; fl aL' rJJlac; 1ta'lltWe; MYEL; At' yaQ SYQcl<P'l1'
OtL OqJELAEL E:rt' EA1I:LBt (\ aQo'tQtWV aQotQliiv, X(lt (\ aA.orov E1t' EA1I:Lat ,",0;;

eR :rtQoe; aA.A.o'U oME'II StEQO'll Et'll(lL fl yt aAA'l1YO"

't'ou LO'Uall'':XOU tEAEtO'UQYLXOV sv O'XBO'Et 1tQoe; to'll XQLO'TO'll xat
tTJ'II E1I:L 't'ou ota'UQou {}'Ucr(l'll.
 407

MSXQt tou XQtGtOU i\ II. Llm{}1l'K11 -1ito ')(SKaAV(,tJA,6VOV as heo'

tou /3at}vtsQov t'l']'; tH (,tSXQt tou XQLG1;OU 'Kat
vsta II. ureo tWV 'Iov3aLrov reQO'l'jtoL(,tMS
tOv aXAS'KtOV Aaov tou Bsou €V XQtGtql obovo'
cH toil XQLGtOU til;
A A" ''i"
II . A J\ ' 0'
SVScpaVlGSV 0'
aut'l1V e
pLpll.LOV xat • SsOX'l1V
OJ: ,
reQOStOL(,tasOV, reQo'
tvn:oilv xat reQOASYOv ta tou XQLGtOU xat €V A fJtql
<Q £:; reQoreaQaG'K€'UasOVGa
''i" 0 XQLGtoV
' 'le1 II • LlLau'l1)(l'j
A -<:1 , ,
uuvatctL va,tux:n
I -

i\(,to)V 3lon i1 reQostOl(,tMLa tOU

,hIo 1:0U 9sou 3la tilv tou MSGGeou €YSVEto EV XQOVQ,) , EVql i\ reQo'
Jtal x(X{}(XVtO stval ysyovora 1)n6Q XQovov xat 3La 1:0vto
resgav 1:WV sn:LtQEretwv tilv sQsvyav ogtrov. EtvaL as <pavsQov {)1:L i\ 1)reo GO'
sreOl./ltV dV1:(/.,'l1'IjJL; Kat II.
CiYSL B')(S1 oreov 0 KVQLO; Kat ot •An:OGtOAOt BY 1:U

IIsQ!' EV 1tQoilno{}SGS(iLV
8VOtl'j1:0; (,tEta;U iou3a'LGI10u Kat K. n:OAAd
{}a ii3uvavto vd; YQa<po;;v. Ai areo'IjJsl; n:IlQL avt}Qroreou xat XQovov sLvaL
at avtat dts Ev 1:U II. EttB EV tij K. sLts By tql
Lov3a'LG(,tql', 'Evtaii&a .oreo 'tUltOV ltaQa(). ad; aGXOA'l1{}w/-tsv (,tovov (,t£
/-toQCPijv 1:0U eLO''l1Yl1l:OU 'Kat t('OV BGXcXtrov, tou MeO'Geou. IIoLa 1]tO
1&sQe1&OV ft SL'KOW 'tou MSGGeov reaQa 'Iov()a(OL; areox:ii; tOU K'IIQLOV
alto
II. LlLa{}t1Kl'j<;;, SKr({}S(,tSV BV Kat SV aHaxou 9.
EtVctL {)tL 'to 'tou 'Iov8aLov Eltoxfi; 'tou Kv'
QLOV 1)no QSVG1:0tl'jtD;. "'Ott I1StaSV 1:ooV GVYYQa'
<psrov 1:WV • A1&OXaAv'ljJsrov it8roxav (,tLav to;; MSGcrLOV
1:Tj<;; €V tii xal 1:0i;
xa{}i,crta1:ctL a/-tSGro; cpavsQov EK GVYXQtcrEro;. "OtL M (,tEtasV 1:0U
Aaov Mvvav1:o VCt 8XOVV 1&vsv/-tanxrotSQav resgl 1:0;; MScrcrLO'll
1] ot AOLrtOt sivaL Bn:LO"I'j; avtOV0'l11:0V. EX 'toov crro:ol-t8vrov 1:ii.; E.1toXii;
XELf,lSVroV. 1]tOL 13K K. LlLa{}t1'Kl'j;, 1:ooV an:ox(J'o<Prov' A.1tOKUAV'IjJEroV. 1:ij;

1. flui tijv IhliaaxaA(av 1t8Ql civt}Qdm:o'U Claude Tresmontant,

Essai sur la Pensee Hebralque, Paris, 1953, Chap, II, Schema de l'Anthro-
pologie Biblique, a8A. 87 6;. flLa ,;ijv Ihl>acrxaAtav 1t8QL XQovo'U Oscar
Cullmann, 8'\1'&. &vro,;., Chap. II, Conception Biblique et Conception Greque
du Temps, allA, 36
2, 'EvroX. ij';OL {;, Xf1Qax't1)Q ,;oil 'toil 'EvooX
(l:'UItPOAij ,;ijv 8Q6'lIVaV O'UYXQovo'U ,;tl Ko.wn fltalNjlG'U
'Afriivat, 1955, allA. 75 -19.
408

IT. g'XeLVf) tou

gv tii> avtou tov q)LAOO'OCPOV 'Xal. l-I-aQt'l)Qr,( 'Io'l)O'tivov,
OtL tQ(a 1jO'av ta 'Xata 'XvQL(X XUQa'Xt'Y)QL(rn'Xa tOu aVUIJ,8VO-
j.tEVO'U MSO'O'LO'l) I. u) '0 e\.VUL 0 ev
",:n:o toii eeoii toii Aaou. {}& &'v't'EAalJ,pavovto 'Ka{)uQw'
tSQov troy aAAO)v t1)V fmo toii MEO'O'LOV O'o)t'Y)Qtav &':n:uAAaY1)v &:n:o
:n:avtec; (lvt1)V 'Xal. e{)vL-
'X1)V O'O)'C'Y) Qlav. tOVLtEtaL
o XUQu'Xt1)Q toii MEO'O'LOV, fmo to :n:QLO'j.ta toUtO 'Xata-
voOiivtaL 'XaL at :n:aAuLotEQaL :n:EQt toii MSO'O'LOV :n:Qocp'Y)'t'ELaL. '0
u:n:o t"IV eWOLav avt1)v '3« 1jtO to :n:Qot't):n:ov toli flEoxQatL'Xoii
AOYQ} s:n:' autov tou eEO;:;. B) 'H e:n:oX1)
tou MEO'O'(ov {)EO)QSltm 0 OAo)V troy :n:6{)O)v
'Xul. u:n:1aO)v tou 'IovaaLo'U. 'H tou MEO'O'(O'U
'Xal. () to eQYov autOii xaQa'Xt1)Q
tOY MEO'O'tav liAAOV OMaj.tou () xa-
Qaxt1)Q 'XaL {}elJ,sAwutrlL
lJ,aALO'ta' ala
troy :n:aAllwt8QO)v :n:QoCP'Y)tEtrov, '£0'0); oj.tO); &'Xoj.tlJ 'Xa!. aLa
xata tov XQLO'tLavlxoii MeO'O'to't), «at toii MeO'O'to'U» to:n:o{)stouv'CaL
to tou to-6tov». eLVaL on 1\ ')«(\
3tQo:raoxla toV 'IovaaLov &'vacpEQEtaL IJ,LaV tSALX1)V S)(
toii MeO'O'(o'U. y) ta &'VO)tEQO) Mov va 3tQoO'ts{)ij xaL 'X'UQLaQXLa toii
MeO'O'L01.l S3t!. troy (3MtAEo)V xal trov s{}vrov Kal Mro 6>QlO'j.t810L
dvteAalABdvQ1lto tilv 'X'UQLaQXlav ta-utf)v 5Ao)v troy sfl'vrov xal
un080-uAO)O'LV autrov uno tOY MsO'O'tav, v€ii> «AAOL aLEBAEnov autiJv :n:SQLO'.
O'OtsQOV t1)V uno troY f€lvwv &'vayvwQLO'LV toii eeoii
Taiita 1teQLnO'l) S3t(O''t'E'US'V 3teQL tOU avalJ,SVOIJ,EVOV MsO'o(ov A
toii K'\lQtov 'Xa!. taiita aVE-UQLO''XE nQoAEY0lJ,eva ev :n:EQl. toU

1. V. H. Stanton, o.vro't., asA.. 194. 11;.

2. '0 't013 KUQtou T)YV68L 'tljv :n:sQl 't013 MsO'a(ou
IMaaxa:Uav, fiE 'ti'j<; IT. ALa{}..,x,!]<; avsuQuJ'KSV '0<; &:n:o'tuxofJaa Mov
va {}sroQ'!]6i) fj :n:QoO'lta{}sLa 8QIlUV,!]'troV 'tLVrov va cllQouv 'tau't,!]v
et<; 'tu veroad 'K€tf,teva 'tfi<; NsxQa.<; ElaMO'O'7J<;, tBLa£'ta'ta 8V 't(i> 'Y:n:o-
st<; 'tOY OltOU & A. Dupont - Sommer o.vayvOJQ£tet 8V t(i> :n:Qo.
aro:n:Q,) 'too {}ava'tro{}evto<; 'tij<; 'tOv dvaf,tsv6f,tevov -unO
'Kow6't'!]to<; 'ti'j<; <v8a<; BLa{}..,lI.,!]<;:> ,'a 8:1HatQ81\1U EV ll6;n Meaaeav, BtU vd O'roan 'to'O<;

Dead Sea Scrolls, Engl. Transl. by M. Rowley, Oxford, 19M, 25 - 44)

IltU a:n:ouB1jv /t6vov, dUu 'KaL
BLaxQLvoV'taL 'to 'KeLf,tIlVOV.
 409

'0 xata tfJV avttA'Yl'l!nv uirrfJv 1hx i'jtO d;

S'K tou AUOU to'U, <:h' L()UUtsgrov {tel.rov ()llvci)..Lsrov xaL Lxa-
vot'rltrov. touto'U 1tQSn:SL va tovL0'8ii OtL XCtL 8X 'frov {hVI1AOtSQrov 1tsgL
toii MsaaLO'U aVttA:r}'ljJSWV oMsn:ots a'tu'UaLcitu to S8VLXOn:OALtLXOV
atOLl(.Il!OV, ii}tOL il 1tgOO'()oxl.a tij; an:SA€'U{}IlQroallro; tou 'IO'QUfJA &; 88vo'U;
'Kat tij; a1tO'Kutucrtam,ro; avtou.
IIoLav oQyavl XfJV O'l(.scrn· {ta. l1()uvatO va {}eroQ1j{}ii 6;(0'UO'a )..Ll.a tOLaUt1j
avtLA'fj'ljJL; 1tIlQL tOU MEO'O'I.O'U 1tQO; tfJV sv tii K(mii 'Kal SV til 'Ex"
1tEgL tou XQLO'tOU avtLA1j'ljJLV ; cI>'UO'Lxa, )..Lovov
ALon to 1tA1jQI!<; 'Kat aA1j{}s; vOI1fJ.a trov tU1trov X(lt n:gogg't]crsrov tijt; n. Ala"
1t8Ql t'OU MS(TO'LO'U an:S'KciA'U'ljJSV il KaLvfJ A La{hlX1j, ou;(l 0 cruYXQovo;
avtii Lo'U()a·LO'f.tO;. ALa tfJv K. xat tfJV n:LO'tL v tij; 'ExXAl\crla<; 8V
ysvet a 'Ir)O'ov; sivaL Ev{lu; &; a 880;, to
()sutsQov 1tQoO'roltOV tij; TQLci()o;, to M 8Qyov To'U ()Ev stVaL
il trov ·Io'U()al.rov an:o toil t'Uyou tij; ()O'UAeLll; xal il 8Y'K·t{}L·
()Q'UO'L; )..LLa; avs'U d)..LaQtLa<;, f.t8ta. xal sMaL-
)..LOVLa;, xal 'KuQrro; il ()ux tij; svO'aQX(oO'Ero;, troij;, toil
{}avcito'U 'KaL tij; aVctl1taO'Ero; AutQroO'L; trov aV{}Q(01trov EV YSVEL alto trov
1tQoaLroYLrov iil(.8grov trov, lltOL ,;ou {}avato'U, tij; q:>{}oQa; xal tij; d)..LaQtl.a;,
1tgoayroyoL troy 01t01.roY EY tq} 'KoO'WP stvaL 01: 'KoO')..LoxgcitOgE; toil aLrovo;
touto'U, ta. 1tYEUW-Ha tij; 1tOV1jgLa;, '0 XQLO'tLaVLxO; MSI1O'La; Mv 1tOAEf.tIlL
d1tAro; «n:go; aLf.ta xal O'agxa» 'Kat ()sv E1tL()LroXEL tfJV AVtQroO'LV 8ltLq:>€QroV
aAAaya.; Eltl O'x1jvij; tOV xOO'f,lo'U. IIoAEf.tEL to 'KaXOV Et;
tfJV Q(tav to'U, VL)(q. SV 'Ea'Utq} tOY {}avatov, tfJV q:>{}oQciv, tfJV df.tagtl.av 'Kat
tfJV ()vva)..LLV tOV O'(ltuva. '0 Lo'U()a'Lxo; MEO'O'l.a; an:OtsAEL ItQO"
1taQaO''Ks'UfJv toil XQLO'tlaVLO'f.tov, ()t6tL at EX tov O''UVOAO'U tij; {}wAoYLa; .ijl;
II. Et; tfJV ItQoO'()OXLaV 'tOU MsO'O'l.o'U EA1t(()S; Mv
altoQQI,1ttOvtaL V1tO tOV XQLO'tLavLxoil MSO'O'LO'U, Eq:>OO'OV xal EivaL a1ts-
O'taAf.t€vo; vn;o 'tOU 8sou aAr)-ItfJ; O'rotfJQ toil 6xAExtoil Aaou tou 8soii. EV tar;
ilf.tEQctL; to'U 'KaL EV tfj f.tSt· Avtov 0 Aao; EVQLO''KEL tfJV
trov 1to-ltrov 'Kat S1tL-Itllf.tLOOV 'lOU, il M X1JQLagxia to'U EltL Itavtrov
trov 'Kat trov e{}vrov EtvaL Ai. eAIt«)E; tou "Io'U()al.o'U ()sv
a:n:oQQL1rtovtat 8v tii K. O''Uf.tltA'I1QoUvtUt xaL n;vE'Uf.tatL'Kro;
VEvOVtUt o.ox1 ()La tii; dltAij; 1tQosxracrsw; autrov 8VtO; tij; 'lOU f]-ItL'
xou 'Kat :n:VE'Uf.tUtL'Koii aAAa ()la tij; trov EltL tij; fJ.6vn; QEaAl-
O'tLxij; tltOL tij; avuyvroQI.O'sro; trov ahLrov xmml)at-
toil aV{}Qro':n:o'U (-Itavaw;, q:>{}oQa, dJjUQtLU, xa.l ()ta. tij; 6V
til avaO'taO'EL tou ytov toii 8E011 &1tOtfAEO'f.tUtL'Kij; UVtLf.tEtroltlO'sro; avtrov,
.yIt' auta; ta; elval q:>avEQov 3tt o"uYXQovo; til K. ALa-ltrjxu
:n:eQl. tou MEO'O'LO'U &VtlA11'ljJL;, oaov atEAfJS xa1 O'xLro31j; xaL UV
410

vItiiQ;ev, ItgOItUgEO'%8VaO"S tOY B'KAIlXtOV tOU Bsou AUOV t.qV VItoBoX.qv

tOU &Al'\,{}oil; MEO'O'(O'U, tou 'h'jO'ou XQLO'tOU O'tgbpuO'u lUll' t.qV
ItQOO'OX.qV tOU AaOU to ltgOO'roItO'V XUL to sgyov tou UVa/-Ulvo!!Bvo'U A'U-
tgrotou,
•An' 1\ ItgOItUQUO'XS'U.q Bsv .fjto J.tOVl] lxav.q BLa ti)v €V t4> 3tQoO'W1t(:!.l
toil 'llJO'ou uvayvWQLO'LV toil MeaO'(o'U VItO tow O''UYXQovrov to'll 'Io'UBaLrov.
EiVaL J.t«ALO'ra ott oMs ot Ma:Ol]tal tou K'UQio'U UVEYVWQLO'UV
1:0 :lTgoO'roItOV To'll ItQo uvaO'1:«O'llro; tOY tV1tOV tou MwaLo'U K.LlLU·
('Iro«vv. 2, 17' 12, 16' 20, 9). At xcd 1tQOtlJltw,
xI11 II. Ll 1tEQL tou UVUJ.tEVOJ.tEVO'U MEaaio'U &1tO"
X(lAU<p{}'l1O'UV to 1tQrotOV BV tu V1tO toU tBto'U tou 'r'l1O'ou BV t4> 1tQoaw1t£1,l To'll
EQJ.t'l1VEIQ; II. xUL BV tij tavt'l1v EQJ.t'l1VELQ; wii a'U-
vOAo'U II. LlLa{)ijXl]G u<p' oArov troy a'UYYQa<psrov K. LlLO.{}ijX'l1C;, OvXl
J,tOvov ul yvroatal 1\(.tCic; O'ijJ.tEQOV &; 'KAMLXai xal 1tQOt'UltW-
1tEQL toil MEaaLo'U BV IIQ0<P'l1taLc; xal €v toic; \{'uAJ.totC; U1tExuAv<p{}'l1'
O'(xV uva<pEQoJ.tEVUL uJ.tEaroc; etc; to 1tQoO'roltOV tou 'I'l1O'ou XQLcrcoii, &.1.1..'
1\ II. Llw{}ijX'l1 &'VEYVroQLO'Ol] 1tQo<P'l1to(a, 1tQot'U1toilO'a xul1tQo·
Myo'UO'u ta toU XQLatoil xul 'Kat' A{l1:ov OLXOVO(.tLUC;. 'Y1t0 t.qv
tEAE'Utatav tavt'l1v EVVOLUV 1\ II. LllaOijXl] asv etvat U1tAfj 1tQoItaQaa)(E'Uij, sivaL
1tQo<P'l1tSLU xul tou XQLatoil
Ta CtltoxQ'U<pu O'vYXQovu tii K. LlLa{}ijxn LouBu'ty.a xll(J.tllva, &ttva xal.
auta xut' '{BLOV, BAEx8'l1, tg01tOV EQWI1Vllvo'Uv t.qv ltaAULOtSQav BV tij
II. LlLa{}'I1Xll J.tEO'aLaVLx.qv ltQoO'Box(av, EVQiaxOVIUL t.qv aElQav tou <put-
VO(.tEVO'U tfj; oMsv i5(.tro; ltEQL tou XQLO'tLUVLXOU MIlO'aLo'U
ItQot'UJtt)uv 1i :n:QoMyo'Uv, BlO'L Bsv &.vijxo'Uv tOY x(lvova trov
{}SOltVE'I!O'trov XElJ.tEVroV II. xal BLa touto OUtE {)]to toil K'U·
Q(o'U 01JtE VItO troy •AltoO'toArov Xata xuvova XQtj(iL(.tOItOLOuvtaL. IIaQ' oAov
ollroC; {)n 1\ BV UltOXQV<POLC; •AItOXaAU1jJEaLv ELxroV tOU MW(j(o'U Vlto·
Asi:n:E'tat 8v xal 'l'uAJ.totC;

BLaBOXLxro; VltO xal P roJ.tato'Uc;, ItQEltEL va tovLa{}ii

OtL ta xEllAEVa 'tailfu VItEQ :nav (lAAO ti)v uv«yx'l1V tfjc; UJ.tEO'O'U
'tou BEOU etc; td aV{}QwmVa,1tEQLyg«1jJuvta J.tEtd troy (.tE'avrotEQrov XQ(()-
(.t«trov tijv MO'XOAOV {}EaLV tou BV 1'ij to'UBa'Lxij XOLVOtl]tL «VItO'
xaL O'tQE1jJ.:xVta OAOXA'l1Qov 't.qv 1tQoaox.qv tijv AV'
tgroO'lV 1'OU BEOU.
'H BV 'tU K. LlLa{}ijxlI xaL BV tij 'EXXAl]O'lQ; BLBaO')(aA(cl 1tEQl tou MEO"

lAal'lxfjp> II. Bh M ltQE1tEL vd {}EroQ'l1{}ouv (.tE·

ta{}EtoVta 1\(.ta£ E; Blt01jJEro; ItQoU1to{}EaErov et£ StEQOV 1tEatOV 1i tou
 411

yvOOO'toti 'l)f,l.lV fIUAaLae; xut tOu LO'Uaa'LO'f,l.oii. ·0 OUQU'

vwv MEO'O'Lae; twV %QLO'tlUVroV,o aLa tfie; tfie; toofie;, tfie;
Ih3acrxuALue;, toii 3avato'U xal tfie; dVaO'taO'EOOe; BV <Eu'UtrQ tOY -1M·
VUtOV, f,I.€ta3Caoov as aep3aQO'Lav xal &3aVaO'Lav de; toile; f,l.Et' Autoii l1voo,
f,l.eVOUe; 3tLO'toile; BV tOLe; f,l.UO't'fJQLOle;, Mv xataO'cQEepEL tOY ilMQXOvta x60'f,l.ov
roe; xaxov xul (OutOOe; e3tQuttov OL O'ootl1QEe; toti EA.AfjVLO'nxoii xo·
0'f,l.0'U xul 0 MEO'sLae; troy y.QlO'nuvrov aLQEttxrov, OL orcoiOL XUQUxt'fJQlO'nxWe;
d:rtEQQl:rttOV t11v IT. dAA' BV tn tooll tfie; 'EXxA:I1O'Lae;, BV tij dva·
O'taO'EL tii f,l.Etaf,l.oQepoL tOY XQO'f,l.OV xaL toile; uv3Qw3toue;
3La tfie; toii{}a;vato'U Xill tfie; ep{}o¢e;. Asv 8X(lf,l.8V 3laQ-
xLx11v avtLA'fJ'¢LV :rtEQL MEO'O'LO'U aAAa xx{}uQro; xata
to 3tQOtU3tOV troy O'OOtr]Q(oov toti @EOti EvEQYELrov BV tn to'QUl]Atr.Lxij
toti 3t':lQEA36vtoe; xal 1mo twv ITQoepl]trov XUL troy &3tOXUAU3tnKrov O''Uy-
YQueppoov avuf,tSvOf,l.EV'l1e; f,l.EyaA'l1e; A'UtQcOO'EOO; toti f,l.EAAOV tOe; , 'R a:rt6:rtELQU
EQEUVfjtwV I roe; BKELVOL troY O:rtOLOOY tae; U3tO'¢8le; 8V tiii W XEep.
tfie; 3taQouO''l1; f,l.EA.8tr]e;, 03tOOe; eilQouv etc; ta O'vYXQova tfie; K. ALa3-rlx'Y)C; LOU-
aa'Lxa a:rtoxQ'Uep-x XELf,l.EVU 3LUQXLXa aVatOALxa O'toLXELa 8V tij 3tEQL MEO'O'tOU
EtxOVL xUL 'l) 3tQoO'3taitELa tOOY autrov va SQf,I.'lIVIlVO'ouv t11V 8V tii K. ALa-
{}-rlxr] :rtEQl toti M"O'O'LOU etxova (t:rtEaetx3'l1O'uv OAOOC; aVE3tLtUXEic;. 'Ev taTe;
a3tOxQUcpOLe; •A3tOXIXAV,¢EO'L Mv eLO'aYEtIXL vEa tLe; 'AvatoArov 3taQXLx113tBQl
xOO'f,l.OU, av3Qw3to'U xaL arco'¢Le;. ota a3tavt!j 8V tOLe; toO'ov €VaLU-
epeQov 3tQoxaAOUGL xata tae; 'l)!AEQae; f,l.ae; f,I.<lv3a'ixo'i:e; XELf,l.8VOLe;, &AAa cr'UVEXL'
03tOOC; xu), 8V tii KaLVn ALa3-rlxn 11 a:rto'¢Le;
'3tEQt xOO'f,l.o'U, aV{}Qw3tOU, ;(.Qovou xal tfie; BV tiii xocrf,l.CV BVEQYELUe; toti @wti.
'H XQLO'tLuvLx11 3tfQl MEO'O'LOU 3t3acrxaALa Mv EtVaL dVULQ80'Le; tfie; 'ITuAUW"
aL(x{}'f]xLxfie; xal Louau'ixfie; :rtEQL toti ME<T<TLOU ELxovoe; aHa xal
3tEQUV MO''f]e; 3tQocraoxLuC; :rtQuYf,l.utO:rtOt'f]O'Le; autfie;.