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Chapter 1 - Accounting in Action
Chapter 1 - Accounting in Action
Fourteenth Edition
Weygandt Kimmel Mitchell
Chapter 1
Accounting in Action
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LEARNING OBJECTIVE 1
Identify the activities and users associated with
accounting.
Accounting consists of three activities
1. Identification - Select economic events (transactions)
2. Recording - Record, classify, and summarize
3. Communication
• Prepare accounting reports
• Analyze and interpret for users
LEARNING OBJECTIVE 2
Explain the building blocks of accounting: ethics,
principles, and assumptions.
Ethics in Financial Reporting
• Financial scandals include: Enron, WorldCom, HealthSouth,
and AIG.
• Regulators and lawmakers concerned that economy would
suffer if investors lost confidence in corporate accounting
o Congress passed Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)
• Effective financial reporting depends on sound ethical
behavior
LEARNING OBJECTIVE 3
State the accounting equation, and define its components.
Assets
• Resources a business owns
• Provide future services or benefits
• Cash, Supplies, Equipment, etc.
Liabilities
• Claims against total assets (debts and obligations)
• Creditors (party to whom money is owed)
• Accounts Payable, Notes Payable, Salaries and Wages
Payable, etc.
Owner’s Equity
• Ownership claim on total assets
• Referred to as residual equity
• Investment by owners and revenues (+)
• Drawings and expenses (−)
ILLUSTRATION 1.7
LEARNING OBJECTIVE 4
Analyze the effects of business transactions on the
accounting equation.
Transactions are a business’s economic events recorded by
accountants.
• May be external or internal
• Not all activities represent transactions
• Have a dual effect on the accounting equation
no number
ILLUSTRATION 1.8
LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5
Describe the four financial statements and how they are
prepared.
ILLUSTRATION 1.10
ILLUSTRATION 1.10
ILLUSTRATION 1.10
LEARNING OBJECTIVE 6
Explain the career opportunities in accounting.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE 7
Describe the impact of international accounting standards
on U.S. financial accounting.
Most agree that there is a need for one set of international accounting standards. Here is why:
Multinational corporations. Today's companies view the entire world as their market. For example,
Coca-Cola, Intel, and McDonald's generate more than 50% of their sales outside the United States.
Many foreign companies, such as Toyota, Nestlé, and Sony, find their largest market to be the United
States.
Mergers and acquisitions. The mergers between Fiat/Chrysler and Vodafone/Mannesmann suggest
that we will see even more such business combinations of companies from different countries in the
future.
Information technology. As communication barriers continue to topple through advances in
technology, companies and individuals in different countries and markets are becoming more
comfortable buying and selling goods and services from one another.
Financial markets. Financial markets are of international significance today. Whether it is currency,
equity securities (stocks), bonds, or derivatives, there are active markets throughout the world trading
these types of instruments.