SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

(using Terzaghi's theory)

 when we have local shear failure in shallow
foundation the modified equations are used

EXAMPLE

if phi is less than 28 deg it is going through local

shear failure, for which we use terzaghi's modified
equation
But here we are assuming that the soil
fails with general shear failure

qnu = net ultimate bearing capacity

qns = safe bearing capacity
 here we are multiplying it with 1
because the question mentioned per
unit run of the footing, this dimension
would be perpendicular to the screen.

Water table reduces the bearing capacity of soil

if WT increases value if cohesion decreases
gama becomes gama' and bearing capacity decreases, gama' is
almost half of gama

Rq and Rgama are the correction factors

C - cohesion of soil

Rq is the correction factor of soil where foundation is embedded

Rgama is the correction factor of soil below the foundation

If the WT is present at the depth equal to the width of

footing or below, it has no effect

Rgama becomes 0.5 because this is the case of

submerged soil, which has a unit weight half of
gama dry
 the soil below ground level also gets submerged

Rq is 1 because this part of the soil is completely dry

For the part of soil below foundation, since the depth of
water table is less than 'b' the given formula can be used

the value of Rq and Rgama can be seen for any of the

above 5 cases using this graph

WATER TABLE EXAMPLE

Terzaghi equation is valid for strip footing, but here
square footing is given so, we use this formula

First approch

not recomended

Second approch
When the value of gama' is given dont calculate Rq or
Rgama instead put the value of gama' is the equation

in first term gama' is not put because thats dry soil