Professional Documents
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Kriesberg (1982)
Kriesberg (1982)
CONCLUSIONS
The discussion about escalation and deescalation suggests some of the many ways
c o n f l i c t means can become inappropriate f o r t h e i r ostensible purposes. Inducements used
t o pursue conflicting objectives a r e chosen, a t l e a s t in p a r t , t o gain constituency
support. F o r example, i n the 1970s e l i t e groups i n the U.S. competed t o gain governmen-
t a l power by arguing i n favor of greatly increased arms spending (Wolfe and Sanders, 1 9 7 9 ) .
Appearing "tough" was important t o s i g n i f i c a n t elements of the public and elites. Such
considerations can r e s u l t in t h e use of c o n f l i c t means t h a t a r e q u i t e inappropriate f o r
the given adversary and f o r t h e ostensible purposes. Even t h e interaction between t h e
adversaries can generate feelings and reasoning t h a t carry the means of struggle beyond
appropriateness f o r t h e purported goals. Awareness of these processes can suggest ways
of interrupting escalation and fostering deescalation. Awareness may even help t h e p r i -
mary adversaries t o use means t h a t l i m i t and control unwanted escalation.
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