VIBRATIONAL ANALYSIS

ReferenceS : 32-SAMSS-004 -Manufacture of Pressure Vessels

JCP-00-D0-GS-1101 -Vessel Design for Wind and Earthquake Loading

Figure-1 Figure-2

Select Tower Type Figure-1

Tan to Tan length of Vessel TL = 40 m
Skirt length from Bottom Tan line SL = 6.096 m
Height of the Tower including the supports H = 46.096 m
Total Empty Weight of the Tower W = 100000 kg
Top third of the tower H/3 = 15.365 m
Outside Diameter with insulation d1 = 4.118 m
d2 = 3.5 m
Length of Shell with Diameter d 1 in H/3 portion L1 = 9 m
Length of Cone in H/3 portion L2 = 5 m
Length of Shell with Diameter d 1 in H/3 portion. L3 = 1.365 m

Average diameter in the top third of the Tower

D = ( L1d1 + L2 (d1+d2)/2 + L3d2 ) / ( L1+L2+L3 ) = 3.963 m

Wind Induced Vibration check as per 32-SAMSS-004 Clause 7.11.2

a) H > 30 m with H/D ratio > 15 = H/D = 11.63, HENCE VIBRATION ANALYSIS IS NOT REQUIRED
b) W/HD² < 400 = W/(HD2) = 138.13, HENCE VIBRATION ANALYSIS IS REQUIRED

Natural Frequency of Tower from COMPRESS / PVELITE Calculations

Operating, Corroded = 0.2000 Hz

Empty, Corroded = 0.2000 Hz
Hydrotest, New, field = 0.2000 Hz
Vacuum, Corroded = 0.2000 Hz

Critical Wind Velocities

Strouhal number ST = 0.2

Natural frequency of tower f = 0.2000 Hz
Diameter of top 1/3 of tower including insulation d = 3.963 m
First critical wind velocity V1 = f×d/ST = 3.963 m/sec
Second critical wind velocity V2 = 6.25 V1 = 24.769 m/sec

V2 < 27.8 m/sec, HENCE ANALYSIS MUST BE PERFORMED USING V1 AND V2

Maximum Wind Pressure at Critical Wind Velocities

Magnification factor = ρ/δ MF = 60

Lift coefficient CL = 0.4
Air mass density at standard condition ρ = 1.23 N sec2/m4
Critical wind velocities V1 = 3.963 m/sec
V2 = 24.769 m/sec
Maximum wind pressure due to V1 P1 = (MF)CLρ(V12/2) = 231.811 N/m2
Maximum wind pressure due to V2 P2 = (MF)CLρ(V22/2) = 9055.31 N/m2

Moment Caused by Critical Winds

(MF/6) CLρV1
The moment caused by V1 M1 = P1(H/3)Dy or 2dHy N-m
(Refer below table for Moment at each section)
The moment caused by V2 M2 = 0.25(MF) CL ρ V22 Dy2
for 0 < y < 0.22H N-m
0.22H < y < H M2 =0.5 (MF)CLρV22 D(-0.048H2+0.44Hy-0.5y2) N-m
(Refer below table for Moment at each section)
 Evaluation of Stresses

longitudinal stress caused by moment Mi = σALT-i = 1000 Mi/Z N/mm2

Evaluation as repeated stress (fatigue evaluation)

Stress concentration factor k = 1.8 for butt welding

= 3 for weld between bottom head and skirt and any partial penetration welding.
The allowable amplitude of alternating stress component Sa = 69 N/mm2 (As per Table 3.F.9 of ASME Sec. VIII Div.1

kσALT-i < Sa
kσALT1 = 3.336 N/mm2 COLUMN IS SAFE IN VIBRATIONAL ANALYSIS
kσALT2 = 26.159 N/mm2 COLUMN IS SAFE IN VIBRATIONAL ANALYSIS

TABLE -1
Mi (N-m) sLLT KsALT
Seam Location ID of Section
y OD of * SECTION
from Bottom TL K Section Shell Thk
(m) Section MODULUS (Z) mm3
(m) M1=Due to V1 M2=Due to V2 (mm) (mm) Due to V1 Due to V2 Due to V1 Due to V2

46.096 -6.096 3.0 650660 -8235266 4000 50 4100 636366467 1.0225 -12.941074 3.067 -38.823
43.646 -3.646 1.8 616077 -6073393 4000 40 4080 507780918 1.2133 -11.960656 2.184 -21.529
41.196 -1.196 1.8 581495 -4126927 4000 45 4090 571989967 1.0166 -7.2150346 1.830 -12.987
40 0 3.0 564613 -3254977 4000 40 4080 507780918 1.1119 -6.4102001 3.336 -19.231
39.95 0.05 1.8 563907 -3219642 4000 40 4080 507780918 1.1105 -6.3406132 1.999 -11.413
37.5 2.5 1.8 529324 -1598133 4000 30 4060 379860650 1.3935 -4.2071569 2.508 -7.573
35.05 4.95 1.8 494742 -192031 4000 25 4050 316147153 1.5649 -0.6074108 2.817 -1.093
32.6 7.4 1.8 460159 998664 4000 25 4050 316147153 1.4555 3.15885849 2.620 5.686
30.15 9.85 1.8 425577 1973953 4000 25 4050 316147153 1.3461 6.24377776 2.423 11.239
27.7 12.3 1.8 390994 2733834 4000 25 4050 316147153 1.2367 8.647347 2.226 15.565
25.25 14.75 1.8 356412 3278309 4000 25 4050 316147153 1.1274 10.3695662 2.029 18.665
22.8 17.2 1.8 321829 3607377 4000 25 4050 316147153 1.0180 11.4104355 1.832 20.539
20.35 19.65 1.8 287247 3721038 4000 25 4050 316147153 0.9086 11.7699547 1.635 21.186
17.9 22.1 1.8 252664 3619292 4000 25 4050 316147153 0.7992 11.4481238 1.439 20.607
15.45 24.55 1.8 218082 3302139 4000 18 4036 227221667 0.9598 14.5326766 1.728 26.159
13 27 1.8 183499 2769579 4000 18 4036 227221667 0.8076 12.1888876 1.454 21.940
10.55 29.45 1.8 148917 2021613 4000 18 4036 227221667 0.6554 8.89709549 1.180 16.015
8.1 31.9 1.8 114334 1177247 4000 18 4036 227221667 0.5032 5.18104872 0.906 9.326
5.65 34.35 1.8 79752 572788 4000 18 4036 227221667 0.3510 2.52083566 0.632 4.538
3.2 36.8 1.8 45169 183737 4000 18 4036 227221667 0.1988 0.8086258 0.358 1.456
0.75 39.25 1.8 10586 10093 4000 18 4036 227221667 0.0466 0.04441914 0.084 0.080
0.05 39.95 1.8 706 45 4000 18 4036 227221667 0.0031 0.00019742 0.006 0.000

Note : Shell course considered 2450 mm as a default

CONDITIONS OF VIBRATION ANALYSIS

1) At Construction
a. Ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure
b. Without corrosion allowance (new wall thickness)
c. Without external attachments such as connecting piping
d. Without trays
e. Without insulation
Note : Check is not necessary if the tower is pre-assembled at shop or on ground.
2) At Start-up/Shut-down
a. Ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure
b. With corrosion allowance (corroded thickness)
c. With external attachments including connecting piping
d. With trays
e. Without process liquid
f. With insulation
3) At Operation
a. Design pressure and temperature
b. With corrosion allowance (corroded thickness)
c. With external attachments including connecting piping
d. With trays and process liquid
e. With insulation