EYE Pharmacological

drugs
For OSPE point of view.

BY Mahnoor Anjum
SIMS’22
Brand Generic Drug class MOA USES ADVERSE
name name EFFECTS
Na+ channel Proparacaine Used to RARE
Procainamide blocker belongs to the numb the ● Blurred
hypochloride group of eye before vision
ALCAINE medicines surgery ,prior
called local to check ● redness of
anesthetics. IOP, or prior the clear
It works by to corneal part of the
blocking the staining ;( in eye
order to
pain signals at prevent pain
the nerve ● sensitivity
during the to light
endings in the following
eye. procedures.) ● severe
stinging in
the eye

● tearing

● throbbing
eye pain

It is Use to Eye itching or

Aminoglycoside bacteriocidal. redness
treat
Antibiotic. It works by
BROMYC Tobramycin Bacterial
stopping the
IN growth of eye
bacteria by infections
inhibiting its only; such
protein
synthesis.
as
•bacterial
conjunctivit
is ,
• corneal
ulcer.
Not in
uveitis
(UVEITIS is
not the
bacterial
infection;
its is the
inflammati
on of uveal
tract)
 Non-selective It block the To treat •Temporary
BLOTIM Timolol BETA-BLOCKER. beta receptors •Ocular blurred vision
on ciliary hypertensi •Temporary
epithelium on ; burning/stinging/
which lead to •In chronic itching of eyes.
decrease open angle •Watery eyes
secretion of glaucoma •Dry eyes
aqueous •In OTHERS
humor. Secondary •Diziness
glaucoma. •Shortness of
breath.
•Broncospasm.
•Cardiac arrest
C/I:-
✓Asthma or
COPD
✓Heart block
Timolol belon Timolol MOA ( •Temporary
g to a class of discuss above) blurred vision
drugs known
Timorax TIMOLOL +
as
D dorzolamide. beta-blockers, Dorzolamide Same as •Temporary
and dorzolami works by above burning/stinging/
de belongs to inhibiting the itching of eyes.
a class of
drugs known
CA in ciliary
as carbonic epithelium •Temporary
anhydrase that lead to redness of eyes.
inhibitor(CA). decrease
production of •Watery eyes.
HCO3- ; and
hence •Dry eyes
decrease
secretion of
aqueous
humor.
Act on alpha-2 In chronic ● Itchy,
Brimonidine receptors on treatment irritated, red,
BRIMSON Tartarate Alpha-2 agonist ciliary of glucoma stinging, or
epithelium; burning eyes
lead to
● dry eyes
decrease
secretion of ● watery or
aqueous runny eyes
humor.
Also increase ● red or
the swollen
uveoscleral eyelids
outflow
 Increase the
blood supply
of optic nerve.
Prostaglandin Increase For the •Iris
F2α analogue outflow of treatment pigmentation
VELATAN Latanoprost aqueous of:- changes
humor •Glucoma •Eyelid skin
•Ocular darkening
HTN •Eyelash
changes
(increased length,
thickness,
pigmentation, and
number of
lashes)
•Iritis/uveitis
Increase
Prostaglandin outflow of Same as Same as above
EYPROST Travoprost F2α analogue aqueous above
humor

Prednisolone Use to RARE; burning&

Glucocorticoid binds to treat stinging of eye
PRED Prednisolone (a steroid) glucocorticoid inflammato that lasts for
FORTE acetate “Topical receptors of ry eye about 1-2 min
anti-inflammat inflammatory conditions after instillation
ory agent” cells and such as:- of eye drops
suppresses ✓
the expression Redness, Long term use
of swelling can lead to
inflammatory and itching •Increase
mediators. of eyes. intra-ocular
✓ Uveitis pressure
✓Conjucti •Cataract
vitis
✓
Keratitis.
 RED CAPS EYE DROPS ARE PUPILLARY DILATORS(MYDRIATIC GROUPS.)
It bind to Phenylephrine •Burning and
Phenylephrine α-1 agonist α-1 is an effective stinging of
mydriatic agent
Phenylephrine hydrochloride receptos on frequently use eyes
hydrochloride DILATOR •Blurred
to facilitate
opthalmic PUPILLAE;
producing examination of vision
solution 10% retina.
contraction
which lead to •Also use as a
DILATION OF decongestant
PUPIL. to produce
local
Vasoconstrictio
n
*Potent •eye irritation
Muscurainic mydriatic & ✓ To produce and redness.
Atropine 1% Atropine antagonist cycloplegic. mydriasis for •swelling of the
Retinal eyelids.
sulphate 1% sulphate *Has slow
examination. •sensitivity to
Ophthalmic onset of bright light.
solution action(30_40
✓ Accurate •dry mouth.
min) measurement •red or dry
*Long lasting of refractive skin.
cycloplegic error in •blurred vision.
effect (7-10 uncooperativ
days) e patients,
In eye; requires fever
atropine ciliary
paralysis.
flushing
binds to M3
receptors( on
✓ To prevent
Iris
Synechia(
constrictor adhesion)
pupillae & formation in
ciliary Iritis &
muscles); Uveitis.
producing
the
relaxation of
both muscles
result in
MYDRIASIS,
CYCLOPLEGI
A.
Mydolate1% Unlike •To produce •eye irritated
or Tropicamide atropine; pupillary and redness
Mydriacyl 1% 1% (derivative Muscurainic tropicamide dilation for •swelling of
of atropine) antagonist. is Quickest diagnostic eyelids
and Briefest. purposes; •sensitivity to
Cycloplegic when short bright light
effect last for term •dry mouth
about 3-6hrs. mydriasis is •red or dry
In eye; needed for skin
tropicamide pre and •blurred
binds to M3 post-operati vision
receptors( on ve purposes.
Iris It is the DOC
constrictor these days
pupillae & as single
ciliary dose of 0.5%
muscles); tropicamide
producing provides
the satisfactory
relaxation of mydriasis for
both muscles majority of
result in patients.
MYDRIASIS,
CYCLOPLEGI
A.
Use to treat Mild pain
Competitively
VIRACYL Acyclovir Anti-viral inhibits viral
the eye Stinging &
(against HSV) DNA infection Burning of
polymerase caused by eyes
and terminate Herpes
the viral
growth. simplex
virus

IT IS Used •Temporary
EXOCIN Ofloxacin Fluoroquinolo BACTERIOCIDAL. to treat blurred
Blocking of bacterial
ne antibiotic. vision.
bacterial infections
DNA of the eye,
replication including •Burning/itch
by binding conjunctivitis ing of eyes.
itself to an (pink eye)
enzyme and ulcers of •Eye
called DNA the cornea.
discomfort.
gyrase.