Study Times

UNIT -VII: DUAL NATURE OF Maximum Time: 2Hrs

RADIATION AND MATTER Maximum Questions: 63

CHAPTER
DUAL NATURE
11 OF RADIATION
AND MATTER
Dual nature of radiation; Photoelectric effect; Hertz and Lenard's observations:
EESylabus Einstein's photoelectric equation: particle nature of light. Experimental studyof
photoelectric effect; Matter waves: Wave nature of particles; de-Broglie relation.

Photoelectric Effect List of Topics

Topic-1: Photoelectric Effect
Concepts Covered "Photoelectric effect, ii Page No. 206
Topic-1 " Hertz and Lenard's observations, Einstein's ! Topic-2:Dual Nature of Matter
Page No. 212
photoelectric equation," Particle nature of light, i
" Experimental study of photoelectric effect

Revision Notes
Electron Emission:
Photoelectric effect: When electron emissiOn
" Free electrons in metals cannot comne out from the
occurred by illumination of metal by the light o
surface due to force by positive ions present in suitable trequency, it is known as photoeletr
metals. Electrons can come out of the metal surface emission. Here, emitted electrons are called ph
only if it has got sufficient energy to overcome the electrons.
attractive pull. When light falls on the metal surface, free electrons
" Work Function of a metal: Work function of a metal absorb energy from light and if this energy is mor
is the minimum amount of work done (energy than the work function of metal, the electronescae
given) to its electron so that it can escape from the from the surface.
metal surface. It is measured in electron volt (eV. study ot
Hallwachs' and Lenard's detailed
" Thermionic emission: When electron emission
occurs by heating the metal, it is known as
Photoelectric effect: Scanto know
moreabout
" In 1888, Lenard observed that thistopi
thermionic emission. Emitted electrons are called
thermionic electrons.
when ultraviolet light falls on zinc
metal, metal becomes
" Field emission: When electron emission occurs by charged. With the discoverypositively
applying a strong electric field, it is known as field ot Electron
electrons, it was
established that Emission
emission and emitted electrons are called field this is due to emission of
electrons. The electrons. photoelectrons
current produced by these
called photoelectric current.
 Einstein, after an averaye cadlemic h/p
well as particle nature wavelength avociated with
Light has both wave character as career put forward quantum
rogli
relation
e

and diffraction can be explained by wave natur theory of light in 1905 while particle orde-Broglie wavelength
" Interference
" When light isof sufficiently small
wavelength, it working as a grade |Iltechnical momentum

behaves as particle. officer in apatent office.

energy and definite J2m KmaY
" Light particles having definite
linear momentum are called "photons"
Energy of each photon = hv = hc/ All matter can exhibit
Momentum of each photon =h/= Elc wave like behaviour
e.g., beamof electrons " When light of sufficient small
can be diffracted
wavelength is incident on metal
surface, electrons are ejected
like awater wave
from the metal, the phenomenon
Dual Nature
If à = o =hc/ of Radiation is called photoelectric effect.
Kmax = 0, i.e., " Ejectedelectrons are called
Electron may just come out onto Contribution photoelectrons
the surface Photoelectric Minimum energy equal to work
Matter waves Effect function (0) must be given to
i.e., E < an electron so as to bring it
out of the metal
no electron willcome out Einstein's
Photoelectric equation
Electrons come out with definite KE.
DUAL
Anode
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Kmax = E- = eVn

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energy material material. Einstein's Slope Einstein's intensity
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 DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER 213

Scan to know
" From this formula, wavelength of more about
V2meV particle is inversely proportional this topic
to the mass of particle and its
Ry putting the value of mass of electron, its
and Planck's constant, it becomes velocity. Hence, heavier particles
charge
1.227 have shorter wavelengths.
nm. This is theoretical calculation of
Wave Model of
an Electron
de-Broglie wavelength of electron,where, Vis the
magnitude of accelerating potential in volts.
O-u Key Formulae
- Key Word
de Broglie wavelength associated with
Matter waves: momentum of particle p as
According to de-Broglie, a wave is associated h
with each moving particle which is called or ) =
MV
matter waves.
(i) Lighter the particle, larger the de-Broglie 1.227 nm, where V is
wavelength. or ,
/2meV
(iü) Faster the particle moves, the smaller is its the magnitude of accelerating potential in !
de-Broglie wavelength.
(ii) de-Broglie's wavelength is independent of Volts.
the charge.

SUBJECTIVE TYPEQUESTIONS

Questions (1 mark each)

O Very Short AnswerType
d-particle are accelerated by the particle of mass m, versus where V is the
Q1. A proton and andifference. Findthe ratio of their
same potential A
de-Broglie's wavelengths (,:,). potential difference through which the particle
h h is accelerated. How does this graph give us the
Ans. =
V2mev V2meV information regarding the magnitude of the
charge of the particles ?
y22:1 A&U[CBSE DEL SET 1, 2019]
J2 x 4mx 2ex V
3.3 x Ans. Plot of the graph showing the variation of
What is the wavelength of photon of energy 1
2. ACBSE 2020] vs 1
10-19 J? what willbe the
IfK.E. of free electron is doubled, A Information regarding magnitude of charge 1
23. change in wavelength?
1
1

Ans.2
V4. Which phenomenon
best supports the theory that
wave nature?
matter has a
momenta. What is the
particles have equal
wavelengths? A
Q.5. Two de-Broglie
ratio of their
ShortAnswerType
(2marks each)
Questions-1
1
variation of de Broglie
showing with a charged
Q.1. Plot a graph associated
(À) available at the end of the chapter.
wavelength their
soluttomsare
practice and
O are for
These Yuestions
 214 Oswaal CBSE Question Bank Chapterwise & Topicwise, PHYSICS, ClasS-Al1 DUAL NATURE OF
Short Answer Type RADIATION AND MATTER 215
Questions-II (3 marks each) Since, a-particle and proton have
J2rngV the wavelength 1¢ same de-Broglie
Draw a graph showing
01. wavelength variation ofq de-broglie
of a particle of
=slope charge
1
V2mq m
m, with the accelerating potential V. An
and mass J2m,(K), 2m,(K).
and a proton have thessame de-Broglie d-particle m(K), = m, (K),
equal to1 ¢. Explain with wavelength
calculations,
which of
h the two has more kinetic energy. m, > m,
q:
2m(slope) A|Delhi Comptt. 20171 .:.
K, > K,
Proton has more kinetic energy.
|CBSE Marking Scheme, 2019) Ans. The graph: Try yourself. See Q. 1of SATO-I 1
h (CBSE Marking Scheme, 2017)
Q.2. Obtain the expression for the ratio of the de 1 de-Broglie wavelength, à = i and Q.2. (i) Draw the graph showing the
Broglie wavelengths associated with the electron As the charge of two particles is same, therefore V2rmqV variation of de
Broglie wavelengthÀ of a particle of charge qand
orbiting in the second and third excited states of 1 1 mass m with the accelerating potential.
ie., slope Kinetic energy K= qV
hydrogen atom. A|CBSE DEL SET 3, 2019) Vm Vm (ii) An electron and proton have the same
de-Broglie
h wavelengths. Explain, which of the two has more
Ans. 2rr = nà.
Hence, the particle with lower mass (m,) will have V2mk kinetic energy. OA|Delhi Comptt. II, 2017]
For second excited state (n=3)
r = 0.529(n)° À greater slope. [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2016] 1
= 0.529(3)
Commonly Made Errors
2r(0.529)(3)² = 3.
For third excited state, n =4
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
Most of the students couldn't relate to the slope
r =0.529 (4)2 values. Q.3. Kinetic energy of electrons emitted in photoelectric
2r(0.529)(4)° = 4., Some students even couldn't draw the graph. A Multiple Choice Questions effect is
(A) directly proportional to the intensity of incident
32, (3)
0.1. The work function for a metal surface is 4.14 eV. light.
42, (4) Answering Tip The threshold wavelength for this metal surface is (B) inversely proportional to the intensity of
(A) 4125 Ä (B) 2062.5 Å inident light.
No need to memorise the expression of slope.
(C) 3000 ¢ (D) 6000 ¢ (C) independent of the intensity of incident light.
The expression of à shows that the graph will |CBSE SQr 2023)
Alternatively, be a straight line with slope 1/Vm. (D) independent of the frequency of light.
2 (0.53n) = nà. Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Q. 5. A proton and a deuteron are accelerated through Ans. Option (C) is correct.
h
the same accelerating potential. Which one of the Explanation: KE = hv -o
(n) for second excited state Explanation: Work function = 4.14 eV = . incident light
two has: So, KE is independent of intensity of
(n)for third excited state (i) greater value of de-Broglie wavelength associated photoelectric emission
with it, and 6.6 x10 x3x10 0.4. Threshold wavelength of a of the following
i.for second excited state (ii) less momentum ? from a material is 600 nm. Which
1 4.14 x 1.6 x1019 illuminating source will emit
photoelectrons? A
9. for thirdexcited state 4 U&E
Give reasons to justify your answer. 1
2.989 x 1073000¢ (A) 400 W, intrared lamp
[CBSE Marking Scheme, 2019] to remove
Ans. (i) de-Broglie wavelength is given by K Ihe wavelength of a photon needed (B) 10 W. ultraviolet lamp
0. 3. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength of the electron lamp
a proton from a nucleus which is bound to the C
(C) 100 W, ultraviolet
orbiting in the n= 2state of hydrogenatom. nucleus with 1 MeV energy is nearly (D) Both(B) &(C)
=

(A) 1.2 nm 10'nm

(B) 1.2 x correct.
OEICBSE OD SET 1, 2016| /2mqV Ans. Option (D) is
(D) 1.2 x 10 nm wavelength shoukd be
As mass of proton < mass of
(C) 1.2 x 10nm Evplanation: The incident
wavelength tor photoelectric
Q.4. Plot a graph showing variation of de-Broglie deuteron
1 and q, = 4, and V is same. Ans. Option (B) is correct. less than threshold wavelength of mone than
wavelength ). versus , where Vis accelerating must be equal emission. IR has a
. > A, for same accelerating potential. Explanation: Energy of the photon wavelength ot less than 00
nm
0nm. UV has a by
to the binding energy of proton. emitted when illuminated
potential for two particles A and B carrying same So, photoelertrons W or l0 W
charge but of masses m,, m, (m, > m,). Which one (ii) = 1 MeV either 100
Momentum = , energy of photon UV lamp metal have
of the two represents a particle of smaller mass L6 x 10 ] Photoelectrons emitted from a 0 to certain
= 1(0* x 0.5. speeds starting from
and why? U[Delhi l, I|, I|L, 2016| ditterent
A)
A, > will be less than that 6.63x3 maximum.
h .. Momentum of proton 6.63 x10 x3x 10*
L60 kinetic energv
Ans. As
V2mqV deuteron. L.6 x10 (B) same
(C) same trequencv.
10 ×l0
19.89 124x lo !"=124 x &(C)
L.60 X
10 (D)Both (B)
F1.24 x l 0 0 - 4 x10 nm
practice andd its wluton is auatlable at the cnd of the
O Thus question is for hapter
ot the chater
Is atMilaeat the Hd
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 PHYSS
216 Oswaal CBSE Ouestion Bank Chapterwise & Topicwise, DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND
correct. de-Broglie wavelength associated with MATTER 217
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Ans. Option (A) is
time is
h
:
electron at S0, electrons coming out from
different levels have
Explanation: When a photon strikesa metal surface, Explanation: Given, v=v,i and BB: different velocities and hence different
the surtace electrons come out with maximum Magnetic force on moving electron the assertion is true. The energies. So,
h electrons coming out from
speed and maximum kinetic energy. But if the =-ly,i x B,0|=-eu,B,k h mu,
inside the metal surface, face collisions
atoms in the metal. So,energies become with the other
electron emission takes place from inner side of
metal, then some energy of the electron is lost due the reason is true and it explains the different.Hence
B)
1+
Q.2. assertion 1
to collision with other electrons and so their speed Assertion (A): Energy of moving photon varies
becomes less. So, ultimately the electrons come out inversely as the wavelength.
X X X
with different speeds. X X
as , Reason (R); Energy of the particle
X
1+
Q. 6. At stopping potential, the kinetic energy of X X X
mU,
Mass x(Speed of light)
X X
emitted photoelectron is X
Q.3. Assertion (A: If the frequency of an
X
The ratio of de-Broglie wavelength associated inident
(A) minimum. (B) maximum. X X X
photon is twice the threshold frequency then two
(C) zero. (D) cannot de predicted X with two electrons accelerated through 25 Vand electrons are emitted.
Ans. Option (C) is correct. X X VX 36 V is A Reason (R): According to Einstein's equation,
X X -axi_ Energy of of photon = Maximum kinetic energy of
(A) 25/36 (B) 36/25
X X
Q.7. A particle is dropped from a height H. The (C) 5/6 (D)65 photo electron - work function.
de-Broglie wavelength of the particle as a function Ans. Option (D) is correct. Q.4. Assertion (A): de-Broglie wavelength is significant
of height is proportional to Explanation: ) < 1/WV for microscopic particles.
(A) H (B) H2 So, the force is perpendicular to v and Bboth. So.
(D)H 12 the magrnitude of v oT mv (p =mV momentum) will ::2,, = V(VV, ) = 65 Reason (R): de-Broglie wavelength is inversely
(C) H° proportional to the mass of a particle when velocity
not change. So, the de-Broglie wavelength remains BAssertion &Reason is kept constant.
Q. 8. A proton, a neutron, an electron and an d-particle same
have same energy. Then, their de-Broglie Ans. Option (A) is correct.
wavelengths compare as Directions : In the following questions, a statement
Q. 10. An electron (mass m) with an initial velocity of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Explanation: de-Broglie wavelength, ). = hmv
(A), =À, >À,> (B) À,, <,=,<à, Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: h and v remaining constant, . lm
(C) , <, = , >hg
V=V,i (U, > 0) is in an electric field E = Ei
(D)À =,= =a (E,= constant > 0). Its de-Broglie wavelength at (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
So, as the mass of the particle becomnes smaller and
Ans. Option (B) is correct. and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of smaller the de-Broglhe wavelength of the particle
time t is given by becomes more and more significant.
Explanation: Assertion (A). Hence, assertion and reason both are true and
E, = E, = E, = E, (A) cE!| (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, reason explains the assertion properly
1 but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
K.E. =K=m' m U, 0.5. Assertion (A): If a proton and electron are moving
Assertion (A). with samne velocitv, then wavelength of de-Broglie
that
2K = m (C) A (D) t (C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. wave associated with electron is longer than
(D) Assertion (A) 0s false, but Reason (R) is true. associated with proton.
2Km = m´v* Ans. Option (A) is correct. wave
Reason (R): The wavelength of de-Broglie
inversely
2mK= p Explanation: According to de-Broglie theory, the Q.1. Assertion (A): The photoelectrons produced by associated with moving particle is
V2mK =P wavelength of de-Broglie wave is given by a monochromatic light beam incident on ametal proportional to its mass.
h
surface have a spread in their kinetic energies. Ans. Option (A) is correct.
=

Keason (R): The energy of electrons emitted trom Explanation: i. =hmt

mU V2mE oving with samne
Inside the metal surface. is lost in collision with the Both proton and electron are
or .= As initial velocity of the electron is y,i ,the initial other atoms in the metal.
|CBSE SQP, 2023] veloity. So, À x lm. So, the reason
is true
V2mK electron.
de-Broglie wavelength of electron, Ans. Option (A) is correct. Mass of proton > mass of wavelength of
Cxplanation: Photoelectrons produced by mono So, wavelength ot electron >
true and reason is the
.". -Jas h and E (K.E.) are constant] .0)
Chromatic light have different velocities and nence proton. So, the assertion is
assertion.
Vm
different energies.electrons do not occupy thesame level proper explanation of the
m, > m, = m, > m, Electrostatic force on electron in electric hela
Actually all the e
of energy.
i,=-eË =--E]=eEi COMPEENCYBASEDOUESTIONS
photocell
0.9. An electron is moving with an initial velocity an electric eve A
also sometimes called photo-sensitive metal
Acceleration of electron, £ consists of a semi-cvlindrical (collector)
V= V,i and is in a magnetic field B-B, j. Then, and a wire loop A
Velocity of the electron after time t, marks each) plate C (emitter) evacuated glass or quartz
bulb
its de-Broglie wavelength
Case based MCOs (4 supported in an
connected to the external irruit having a
as
(A) remains constant. eEi tour of the It is micrO ammeter (uA)
(B) increases with time. Read the below text and answer any high-tension batterv B and
questions that follow: shown in the Figure
(C) decreases with time. applicaation
I. is atechnological
(D) increases and decreases periodically
my,
Photocell: Aphotocelleffect.
of the photoelectric
affected
device
It is a
whose
by light. It
is
OThis Question is for practice and its solution ts available at the rnd d he .
electrical properties are
avilabeat the end
of the chayter
These queqiestons are for practce
and ther
solutmsare
 Sometimes, instead of the late C, a thin SELF ASSESSMENT PAPER
bulh is lett clean laver of 223
art ot the tor he
photvelectrons are emitted. These light to enter it. photosensitive
When lhght ofmateral
is pasted on the inside of the
bulb. A
SELF ASSESSMENT PAPER-7 atew
miCrOanmpere càn be
normallyphotoelectrons are drawn the
obtained from aphoto
suitable
colletorwavelength
A.
falls
on the emitter C
te" into a change in cell. Aphotocell Photucurrent of the order ot
measuring devices. photocurrent. This current converts
can be used to operate a change in intensity of
control systems and in ignt
of
MM: 30 a Photocell isan application
Maximum Time: 1 hour A) thermoelectric ettect.
(C photoresistive etfect. (B) photoelectric effet.
(D) None of the
L. Multiple Choice Questions [1 x4=4] PhotOseensitive material shoula he connected to above
(i)
1. Kinetic energy of electrons emitted in photoelectric ettect is ir terminal of the batterv.
A (B) +v terminal of the batterv
(A) diretlv proportional to the intensity of inident light. (C) anv one of (A)or
(B)
(D)
(B) inverselv proportional to the intensity of incident line. s2 Which ot the tollowng statenment is true) connected to ground
(O independent of the intensity of inident lhght. A) The photocell is totally painted black
(D) independent of the frequencv of light. (B) A part of the
2 Photoelectrons emitted from a metal have The photocell is completely transparent. (D) Apart of the photocell isis left clean.
i The photocurrent generated is in the order of photocell made black
(A) diterent spds starting from 0 to certain maximum.
(B) same kinetic energv (A) ampere (B) millampere
(C) same frequencv () microampere (D) None of the above
(D) Both (B) &(C Aphotocell converts achange in of inident light into a change in
3. A partide is dropped from a height H. The de Brogie wavelength of the particle as a function of height is (A) intensity, photovoltage (B) wavelength. photovoltage
proportional to () frequency. photocurrent (D) intensitv. photocurrent
(A) H (B) H?
(OH
L. Very Short Answer Type Question [1 x4= 4]
(D) H2
4. The ratio of de-Broglie wavelength associated with two electrons accelerated through 25 V and 36 V is 1. In aphotoelectric experiment, the potential required to stop the ejection of electrons from cathode is 4 V. What is
the value of maximum kinetic energy of emitted photoelectrons?
A
(B) 2 Detine the term "Intensity"in photon picture of electromagnetic radiation.
5
3. Twoparticles have equal momenta. What is the ratio of their de-Broglie wavelengths?
(C) IV. Short Answer Tvpe Question-l (2 x3 = 6]
6 (D)
5
IL Assertion and Reason
Llt the trequencv of light inident on the cathode of a photocell is increased, how will following be afferted ?
lustify vour answer.
In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a [1 x 2= 2]
choice as
statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct (i) Energv of the photo electrons
(ii) Photoelectric current
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct show photoelectric
explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct -It light of wavelength 4125 nm is incident on each of the metals given below, which ones will
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
explanation of (A). emission and whv?
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true. Metal Work Function (eVn
Na 1.92
1. Assertion (A): The energy (E) and momentum (p) of a photon are related
asp = = K 215
Reason (R: The photon behaves like a particle. 3.20
Ca
2. Assertion (A): de-Broglie equation is
Reason (R): de-Broglie wavelength issignificant
for microscopic particles. Mo
4.17
inversely proportional to the mass of a particle when light ofwavelength
constant velocity is kept 3 x 10 L.Calculate the number (n) of photons,ot
III. Competency Based Questions OTktunction (W)of a metalX. eouals
Read the following text and answer any 4 of the [1 x 4= 4] b.52 nm,whose total energy equals W. [3 x 2 = 6}
A photocell is a following questions on the . Short Answer Tvpe Question-ll trequencv of photons, calculate
technological application of the photoelectric effect. It is a basis of the same: 1. Using Iotential V, and the incdent
affected by light. It is also sometimes called an electric eye. A device whose electrical properties are the graph shown in the figure tor stoppng
metal plate C(emitter) and a photocell consists of a senmi-cvlindrical photosenstt Planck's constant.
tothe external ircuit havingwire loop A(collector)
a high-tension batterysupported in an evacuated glass or
quartz bulb. It is
B and micro ammeter
(uA) as shown in the Figure.connected
Incident light
It Collector 14+
Emitter

045 x 104Hz
8 10
A photo cell v(104Hz)
224 Oswaal CBSE Question Bank Chapterwise & Topicwise, PHYSICS, Class-XII
orbii.
Z. Obtain the expression for the ratio of the de Broglie wavelengths associated with the electron g in
second and third excited states of hydrogen atom.
VI. Long Answer Type Question
1. () Wrte three observed features of photoelectric effect which cannot be explained by wave theory
Explain how Einstein's photoelectric equation is used to describe these features satisfactorily.
([1X5=5
of a
(ii) Figure shows a plot of stopping ppotential (V) with frequency (v) of incident radiation for two
materials M, and M,. photosensitive
M1 M2

’V

Explain
(a) Why the slope of both the lines is same ?
(b) radiation
For which? material emitted electrons have greater kinetic energy for the same frequency of incddent

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 Ans. Ans. Ans. Ans. 218
4. 3. 2. 1.
Explanation:
Option Ampere
Microampere () Explanation:
(A) The light Option
A (D) A) emitter
() (B) (Which emitter Option (D) Photosensitive
battery
Explanation: (C) photoelectric Optionphotoelectric
theof
(B) Explanation:
(A) (D)effect(©
photoresistive Photocell
effect Converts
(B) (A) devices. change
to
Photocurrent falls lightSometimes,
a beThesephotosensitiveto of OSWaal
operate normally the
photocurrent to A
The A The Connected Any +ve -ve None
thermoelectric effect on Emitter
enter part part of so photoelectrons bulb.
(C) (B) photophotocell and should (A) terminal
one terminal (B) in a theenter CBSE
the that of is
is is of of collected is isthe control change
photocurrent.obtained emitter instead
correct.
Photocurrent incorrect. the the
following the be
of Photocell
correct. to (A) material correct.
an of it. part A photo A
part
it. photocellphotocellcell Photosensitive application the When material Question
of above
generated connected
istotally is emitted ground or of systems in order
of
completely by the the effect.
intensity from
C, of of ICollector
the
(B) is photoelectrons are light the the cell
statement battery
battery Incident
Milliampere (D) (B) collector. should a of
drawn is Bank
bulb is painted is electrons technological of and This a bulb plate
of None is made left to photo few a ofpasted
suitable is
the in transparent. is clean.
material
-ve be in of
current
to C,
Chapterwise
light
order of the left is terminal connected light microampere
illumination cell. the
left
on a
black. black. true are
these order clean
repelled application can Awavelength
collector are clean the thin
measuring photocell
of ? used emitted.
of for of
be for layer
inside &
a to used into Topicwise,
few can the
the bythe as 1 A. of

Ans. Ans. Ans. Ans.

I. PHYSICS,Cias
5.
4. 3. 2. 1.
(D) Mass(C)of(B) Which
(A) Option (D) (C) 0(B)+e (A)-eOption
Charge (A ) The
Explanation:
frequency Option (C) Photons
(A ) (vi)
free In (vii) (iv) They
(ii) photons. According
Theintensity to quantum
basic
photocurrent. Explanation: Option
the photo-current
A photo-current
Intensity, (D
Frequency,) (
photo-voltageC)
Wavelength, (B
photo-voltage)
Intensity,
(A) light photA ocell.
Energy(C)of (vi) (V) (i) (i)
their photon
microampere
photocell
Photons Photons
Photons None Number
intensity Avogadro's
Rydberg's They only They basic intensity into
such They They They
natural They dependent
is mass.
rest unit
of(C) of(A) (B) absorbed (D)
have ascan haveno properties
exist frequency of of of a
the of a is times is can carry are are have the to all is is change
converts
photon carry only is the photon space, processes,electrons, electromagnetic
Einstein, correct.
travel following correct. correct. of of correct.
Photons constant energy have stable.elementary as the of A can
photons
photonsPlanck´s constant or be energy
on zero light light.
photocell
above the moving illumination
exist in
atenergy
is is light equal
they destroyed
emitted. interactions the charge. electric
corresponds
mass
of times smallest
a
be
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(D) (B) travel
speed statements
moving
and corresponds (B)
(D) constant. to instance
particles.
particles and Planck's converts
to Speed energy
BoltzmannPlanck'stheir at as
momentumwhichare discrete
momentum.
Frequency or the radiation. into in
ofthe the created with rest are:
to
have obtained
light. massparticles. E frequencyspeed when Compton despite energy. constant. the energy
is of equal other a a
wrong photons to = constant number amount change change
incident of
electrol.of of hv. constant radiation by the is
It
photons to of particles lacking They from
times light. manyeffect. equal
The
their of or in in a

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ns.
that Read L rádiation byOption D) ) (B) A) Option
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Ins properties?
any wave-like
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NATURE
5. 4. In Zinc current. current
Which
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measurement =h/m
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plate negative If coul
circuit.
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itate radiation. allowed
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reach and AltWhat iscompared an the ultraviolet which plate
the is A plate does reach repel C exhibits in
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219
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