CLARISSE

DURING PROCEDURE Welcome to the world of dialysis,

a crucial step towards managing
RAMOS
Embarking on Dialysis kidney disease.
Before the procedure, it's essential
HEMODIALYSIS to understand the preparations
Large bore needles (14 to 16 involved to ensure a smooth
gauge) in fistula, graft, or catheter. experience.
Heparin Use: Added to prevent
clotting when blood encounters
the dialyzer. PRE-PROCEDURE
Prepare for a Lifesaving Journey
System Function: Dialysate
pumped through the dialyzer,
countercurrent to blood flow.
Vital Signs: Monitored at least HEMODIALYSIS
every 30 to 60 minutes. Fluid Status Assessment:
Maintained aseptic technique to Components:
prevent infections, particularly Weight measurement
peritonitis. Blood pressure evaluation
Regular assessments of fluid Peripheral edema inspection
status, including weight, to guide Lung and heart sounds
ultrafiltration. examination
Activities: Patients often engage Purpose: Determine baseline fluid
in relaxing activities during
treatment, such as reading,
status.
UNDERSTANDING
watching TV, or sleeping.
Pain Management: Adjust needle
Vascular Access Evaluation:
Check: Condition of the vascular
HEMODIALYSIS &
insertion site or blood flow rate if
the patient experiences pain.
access (fistula, graft, or catheter).
Ensure: Adequacy and
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
functionality of access for dialysis.
Common Side Effect:
Low Blood Pressure: Most frequent Temperature Check: This brochure aims to guide you
complication. through the various stages of dialysis,
Purpose: Identify signs of infection ensuring you are well-informed and
Symptoms: or abnormal temperature. prepared for every step.
Lightheadedness, Shortness of
Breath, Abdominal Cramps,
Muscle Cramps, Nausea, Vomiting. PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
Empty bladder and bowel, weigh BSN 4A | LPDH WARD | RLE A2
the patient, obtain signed consent.

PERITONEAL DIALYSIS (CONTINU.. DURING)
PD Cycle Phases:
Inflow (Fill): Prescribed solution (usually 2
L) infused through catheter over 10
minutes.
Dwell (Equilibration): Lasts 4 to 6 hours;
diffusion and osmosis between blood and
peritoneal cavity.
Drain: Takes 15 to 30 minutes; may be
facilitated by massaging the abdomen or
changing position.
Exchange Duration (Manual PD):
Time: Approximately 30 to 50 minutes to
complete one exchange.
Inflow Adjustment: Flow rate may be
decreased if the patient experiences pain.
Infusion of Solution:
Procedure: Infuse another 2 L of solution
to start a new cycle.
Inflow Clamp: Closed after the solution
has been infused.
PD Solutions:
Volume Determination: Primarily based
on the size of the peritoneal cavity.
Discomfort Management:
Pain Monitoring: Adjust inflow rate if the
patient experiences pain.
Abdominal Discomfort: Normal during
dwell phase; may be alleviated by
position changes.
Daily Life:
PD offers flexibility, allowing patients to
perform exchanges at home.
APD allows for overnight cycles, providing
more freedom during the day.
POST-PROCEDURE
Nurturing Recovery
As the dialysis session concludes, a
thoughtful approach to post-procedure
care is vital for your overall health and
well-being.
HEMODIALYSIS & PERITONEAL
Observation: Patients may experience
fatigue or feel "washed out" post-
dialysis.
Monitor vital signs, temperature, and
weight.
Daily Blood Flow Check:
Ensure a daily vibration (thrill) over the
access site.
Absence or Changes: Notify healthcare
provider promptly.
Arm Protection:
Avoid Trauma: Do not wear tight
clothes, jewelry, or carry heavy items
on the access arm.
Avoid sleeping on the access arm.
Blood Measurements: Refrain from
blood draws or blood pressure
measurements on the access arm.
Do not lift heavy objects. Limit physical
activities that are associated with high
intra-abdominal pressure.
Avoid constipation and straining.
Use recommended measures like fiber,
stool softener, or laxative.
People using peritoneal dialysis need
to consume an increased amount of
protein in their diet due to protein loss
during each exchange.
Recovery is an ongoing process. Stay engaged
with your healthcare team, attend regular
check-ups, and continue to educate yourself
about your condition. Remember, you are in
control of your journey towards a healthier, more
vibrant life.
REFERENCES:
Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing, 12th Edition
Berns, J. (12 C.E., Winter). Patient education: Hemodialysis (Beyond the Basics)
(E. Taylor & S. Schwab, Eds.) [Review of Patient education: Hemodialysis
(Beyond the Basics)].
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hemodialysis-beyond-the-basics/print
UpToDate.
Burkart, J., & Bansal, S. (2023, October 23). Patient education: Peritoneal dialysis
(Beyond the Basics) (T. Golper & E. Taylor, Eds.) [Review of Patient education:
Peritoneal dialysis (Beyond the Basics)]. UpToDate.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/peritoneal-dialysis-beyond-the-
basics/print‌