Chapter 15

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

1. Two point P and Q are maintained at the potentials this uniform charge distribution there is a finite
of 10 V and –4 V respectively. The work done in value of electric potential at the centre of the
moving 100 electrons from P to Q is [AIEEE-2009] sphere, at the surface of the sphere and also at a
(1) 9.60 × 10–17 J (2) –2.24 × 10–16 J point out side the sphere. The electric potential at
infinity is zero.
(3) 2.24 × 10–16 J (4) – 9.60 × 10–17 J
Statement 1 : When a charge 'q' is taken from the
2. This question contains Statement-1 and statement- centre of the surface of the sphere, its potential
2. Of the four choices given after the statements,
choose the one that best describes the two q
energy changes by 3 .
statements. 0

Statement 1 : For a charged particle moving from Statement 2 : The electric field at a distance
point P to point Q, the net work done by an
electrostatic field on the particle is independent of r
r(r < R) from the centre of the sphere is 3 .
the path connecting point P to point Q. 0

Statement 2 : The net work done by a conservative [AIEEE-2012]

force on an object moving along a closed loop is (1) Statement 1 is true Statement 2 is false
zero. [AIEEE-2009]
(2) Statement 1 is false Statement 2 is true
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true;
Statement-2 is the correct explanation of (3) Statement 1 is true Statement 2 is true,
Statment-1. Statement 2 is the correct explanation of
Statement 1.
(2) Statment-1 is true, Statement-2 is true;
Statement-2 is not the correct explanation of (4) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2, is true;
Statement-1. Statement 2 is not the correct explanation of
Statement 1.
(3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.
5. Two capacitors C1 and C2 are charged to 120 V
(4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
and 200 V respectively. It is found that by
3. Let C be the capacitance of a capacitor connecting them together the potential on each one
discharging through a resistor R. Suppose t1 is the can be made zero. Then [JEE (Main)-2013]
time taken for the energy stored in the capacitor to
(1) 5C1 = 3C2 (2) 3C1 = 5C2
reduce to half its initial value and t2 is the time
taken for the charge to reduce to one-fourth its (3) 3C1 + 5C2 = 0 (4) 9C1 = 4C2
t1 6. A charge Q is uniformly distributed over a long rod
initial value. Then the ratio will be[AIEEE-2010] AB of length L as shown in the figure. The electric
t2
potential at the point O lying at a distance L from
(1) 2 (2) 1
the end A is [JEE (Main)-2013]
1 1 A B
(3) (4) O
2 4 L L
4. This question has Statement 1 and Statement 2. Q 3Q
Of the four choices given after the statements, (1) 8 L (2)
0 40L
choose the one that best describes the two
Statements.
Q Q ln2
An insulating solid sphere of radius R has a (3) 4 L ln 2 (4) 40L
uniformly positive charge density r. As a result of 0

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  11. A combination of capacitors is set up as shown in
7. Assume that an electric field E  30 x 2iˆ exists in
the figure. The magnitude of the electric field, due
space. Then the potential difference V A – V O,
to a point charge Q (having a charge equal to the
where VO is the potential at the origin and VA the
sum of the charges on the 4 mF and 9 mF
potential at x = 2 m is [JEE (Main)-2014]
capacitors), at a point distant 30 m from it, would
(1) 120 J (2) –120 J equal : [JEE (Main)-2016]
(3) –80 J (4) 80 J 3 F
4 F
8. A parallel plate capacitor is made of two circular
9 F
plates separated by a distance 5 mm and with a
dielectric of dielectric constant 2.2 between them.
When the electric field in the dielectric is 3 × 104 2 F
V/m, the charge density of the positive plate will be
close to [JEE (Main)-2014]
8 F
(1) 6 × 10–7 C/m2 (2) 3 × 10–7 C/m2
(1) 360 N/C (2) 420 N/C
(3) 3 × 104 C/m2 (4) 6 × 104 C/m2
(3) 480 N/C (4) 240 N/C
9. A uniformly charged solid sphere of radius R has
potential V0 (measured with respect to ¥) on its 12. A capacitance of 2 mF is required in an electrical
surface. For this sphere the equipotential surfaces circuit across a potential difference of 1.0 kV. A
large number of 1 mF capacitors are available
3V0 5V0 3V0 V which can withstand a potential difference of not
with potentials , , and 0 have radius
2 4 4 4 more than 300 V.The minimum number of
R1, R2, R3 and R4 respectively. Then capacitors required to achieve this is
[JEE (Main)-2015]
[JEE (Main)-2017]
(1) R1 = 0 and R2 > (R4 – R3)
(1) 2 (2) 16
(2) R1 ¹ 0 and (R2 – R1) > (R4 – R3)
(3) 24 (4) 32
(3) R1 = 0 and R2 < (R4 – R3)
13. Three concentric metal shells A, B and C of
(4) 2R < R4 respective radii a, b and c (a < b < c) have
10. In the given circuit, charge Q 2 on the 2 mF surface charge densities +s, –s and +s
capacitor changes as C is varied from 1 mF to 3 respectively. The potential of shell B is
mF. Q 2 as a function of C is given properly by [JEE (Main)-2018]
(Figures are drawn schematically and are not to
scale) [JEE (Main)-2015]   a 2 – b2    a 2 – b2 
(1)   a  c (2)   c
0 
  0  b 
1 F  b2 – c 2   b2 – c 2 
 
C (3)    a (4)   a
0  b  0  c 
2 F
14. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 90 pF is
connected to a battery of emf 20 V. If a dielectric

E 5
material of dielectric constant K  is inserted
Charge 3
Charge
between the plates, the magnitude of the induced
Q2 Q2 charge will be [JEE (Main)-2018]
(1) (2) (1) 1.2 nC (2) 0.3 nC
C C
1 F 3 F 1 F 3 F (3) 2.4 nC (4) 0.9 nC

Charge Charge
15. A parallel plate capacitor is made of two square
plates of side a, separated by a distance d(d <<
Q2 Q2 a). The lower triangular portion is filled with a
dielectric of dielectric constant K, as shown in the
(3) (4)
figure. Capacitance of this capacitor is
C C
1 F 3 F 1 F 3 F [JEE (Main)-2019]
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 18. A charge Q is distributed over three concentric
spherical shells of radii a, b, c (a < b < c) such
that their surface charge densities are equal to one
d
K another. The total potential at a point at distance
r from their common centre, where r < a, would
be [JEE (Main)-2019]
a
Q (a  b  c )
K 0 a 2 K 0 a 2 (1)
(1) ln K (2) ln K 40 (a 2  b 2  c 2 )
d (K  1) d
Q
(2)
K 0 a 2 1 K 0 a 2
40 (a  b  c )
(3) (4)
2d (K  1) 2 d
Q( a 2  b 2  c 2 )
16. A parallel plate capacitor with square plates is filled (3)
40 (a 3  b3  c 3 )
with four dielectrics of dielectric constants K1, K2,
K 3 , K 4 arranged as shown in the figure. The
Q ab  bc  ca
effective dielectric constant K will be (4)
120 abc
[JEE (Main)-2019]
19. A parallel plate capacitor is of area 6 cm2 and a
separation 3 mm. The gap is filled with three
K1 K2 L/2 dielectric materials of equal thickness (see figure)
with dielectric constants K1 = 10, K2 = 12 and
K3 = 14. The dielectric constant of a material
K3 K4 L/2 which when fully inserted in above capacitor, gives
same capacitance would be [JEE (Main)-2019]
d/2 d /2 

(K1  K 2 ) (K 3  K 4 ) K1 K2 K3 3 mm
(1) K 
2(K1  K 2  K3  K 4 )
(1) 36 (2) 14
(K  K 2 ) (K 3  K 4 )
(2) K  1 (3) 12 (4) 4
K1  K2  K3  K 4
20. Four equal point charges Q each are placed in the
xy plane at (0, 2), (4, 2), (4, –2) and (0, –2). The
(K1  K3 ) (K 2  K 4 )
(3) K  work required to put a fifth charge Q at the origin
K1  K2  K3  K 4 of the coordinate system will be
[JEE (Main)-2019]
K1K 2 K3K 4
(4) K  
K1  K 2 K 3  K 4
Q2 Q2  1 
(1) (2) 1  
17. Two electric dipoles, A, B with respective dipole 2 2 0 4  0  3
 
moments d A  4qaiˆ and dB  2qaiˆ are
placed on the x-axis with a separation R, as shown Q2 Q2  1 
(3) (4) 1  
in the figure [JEE (Main)-2019] 4 0 4  0  5
R 21. A parallel plate capacitor having capacitance 12 pF
X
A B is charged by a battery to a potential difference of
10 V between its plates. The charging battery is
The distance from A at which both of them produce
now disconnected and a porcelain slab of dielectric
the same potential is
constant 6.5 is slipped between the plates. The
2R 2R work done by the capacitor on the slab is
(1) (2)
2 1 2 1 [JEE (Main)-2019]
R R (1) 560 pJ (2) 692 pJ
(3) (4)
2 1 2 1 (3) 508 pJ (4) 600 pJ

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22. The given graph shows variation (with distance r
from centre) of [JEE (Main)-2019]
(1)

r0

(2)
r0 r

(1) Potential of a uniformly charged spherical shell

(2) Electric field of a uniformly charged sphere
(3)
(3) Electric field of uniformly charged spherical
shell
(4) Potential of a uniformly charged sphere
23. Three charges Q, +q and +q are placed at the
vertices of a right-angle isosceles triangles as
(4)
shown below. The net electrostatic energy of the
configuration is zero, if the value of Q is
[JEE (Main)-2019]
Q 26. There is a uniform spherically symmetric surface
charge density at a distance R0 from the origin.
The charge distribution is initially at rest and starts
expanding because of mutual repulsion. The figure
that represents best the speed V(R(t)) of the
+q distribution as a function of its instantaneous
+q radius R(t) is [JEE (Main)-2019]

 2q V(R(t)) V(R(t))
(1) (2) +q
2 1
(1) (2)
q
(3) –2q (4)
1 2
Ro R(t) Ro R(t)
24. In the figure shown below, the charge on the left
plate of the 10 mF capacitor is –30 mC. The V(R(t)) V(R (t))
charge on the right plate of the 6 mF capacitor is Vo
[JEE (Main)-2019] (3) (4)

6 F
Ro R(t) Ro R(t )
10 F 2 F
4 F 27. In the figure shown, after the switch ‘S’ is turned
from position ‘A’ to position ‘B’, the energy
(1) +18 mC (2) –12 mC
dissipated in the circuit in terms of capacitance ‘C’
(3) +12 mC (4) –18 mC and total charge ‘Q’ is [JEE (Main)-2019]
25. Seven capacitors, each of capacitance 2 mF, are
A B
to be connected in a configuration to obtain an
 6 
effective capacitance of   F. Which of the 
S
 13 
C 3C
combinations, shown in figures below, will achieve
the desired value? [JEE (Main)-2019]

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 3 Q2 1 Q2 32. The electric field in a region is given by
(1) (2) 
E   Ax  B  iˆ , where E is in NC and x is in
–1
8 C 8 C
metres. The values of constants are A = 20 SI unit
5 Q2 3 Q2
(3) (4) and B = 10 SI unit. If the potential at
8 C 4 C x = 1 is V 1 and that at x = – 5 is V 2 , then
28. In the circuit shown, find C if the effective V1 – V2 is : [JEE (Main)-2019]
capacitance of the whole circuit is to be 0.5 mF.
(1) 180 V (2) –520 V
All values in the circuit are in mF. [JEE (Main)-
2019] (3) 320 V (4) –48 V
C 2 33. A parallel plate capacitor has 1 mF capacitance.
A One of its two plates is given +2 mC charge and
2 2 1 the other plate, +4 mC charge. The potential
difference developed across the capacitor is :
2 [JEE (Main)-2019]

2 2 (1) 5 V (2) 1 V

B (3) 3 V (4) 2 V
34. A positive point charge is released from rest at a
7
(1) F (2) 4 mF distance r0 from a positive line charge with uniform
11 density. The speed (v) of the point charge, as a
function of instantaneous distance r from line charge,
6 7
(3) F (4) F is proportional to : [JEE (Main)-2019]
5 10
29. A parallel plate capacitor with plates of area 1 m2
each, are at a separation of 0.1 m. If the electric
field between the plates is 100 N/C, the magnitude
r0
of charge on each plate is: [JEE (Main)-2019]

 –12 C
2 
 Take 0  8.85  10 
 N m2  r 
(1) v  ln  r  (2) v  e  r / r0
(1) 8.85 × 10–10 C (2) 9.85 × 10–10 C  0
(3) 6.85 × 10–10 C (4) 7.85 × 10–10 C
30. Voltage rating of a parallel plate capacitor is 500 V. r  r 
(3) v  ln  r  (4) v  
Its dielectric can withstand a maximum electric field  0  r0 
of 106 V/m. The plate area is 10–4 m2. What is the
dielectric constant if the capacitance is 15 pF? 35. A capacitor with capacitance 5 mF is charged to
5 mC. If the plates are pulled apart to reduce the
(Given, e0 = 8.86 × 10–12 C2/Nm2)
capacitance to 2 mF, how much work is done?
[JEE (Main)-2019]
[JEE (Main)-2019]
(1) 3.8 (2) 4.5
(1) 2.55 × 10–6 J (2) 6.25 × 10–6 J
(3) 8.5 (4) 6.2
(3) 3.75 × 10–6 J (4) 2.16 × 10–6 J
31. A solid conducting sphere, having a charge Q, is
surrounded by an uncharged conducting hollow 36. A system of three charges are placed as shown in
spherical shell. Let the potential difference between the figure
the surface of the solid sphere and that of the outer
surface of the hollow shell be V. If the shell is now
D
given a charge of –4 Q, the new potential
difference between the same two surfaces is +q –q Q
[JEE (Main)-2019] d

(1) –2 V (2) V If D >> d, the potential energy of the system is

(3) 2 V (4) 4 V best given by [JEE (Main)-2019]

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  q 2 qQd  40. In free space, a particle A of charge 1 mC is held
1
(1)   2  fixed at a point P. Another particle B of the same
40  d D  charge and mass 4 mg is kept at a distance of 1
mm from P. If B is released, then its velocity at a
1  q 2 qQd  distance of 9 mm from P is : [JEE (Main)-2019]
(2)   2 
40  d D 
 1 
1  q 2 2qQd  Take  9  109 Nm2 C2 
(3)     40 
40  d D 2 
(1) 2.0 × 103 m/s (2) 6.32 × 104 m/s
1  q 2 qQd 
(4)    (3) 1.5 × 102 m/s (4) 1.0 m/s
40  d 2D 2 

41. A point dipole p   p0 xˆ is kept at the origin. The
37. The parallel combination of two air filled parallel
plate capacitors of capacitance C and nC is potential and electric field due to this dipole on the
connected to a battery of voltage, V. When the y-axis at a distance d are, respectively :
capacitors are fully charged, the battery is removed (Take V = 0 at infinity) [JEE (Main)-2019]
and after that a dielectric material of dielectric
   
constant K is placed between the two plates of the |p| p |p| p
first capacitor. The new potential difference of the (1) , (2) ,
40d 2 4 0d 3 40d 2 4 0d 3
combined system is [JEE (Main)-2019]
 
 n  1V V p p
(1)
K  n 
(2)
K n (3) 0, 4 d 3 (4) 0,
40d 3
0

nV 42. Two identical parallel plate capacitors, of

(3) V (4)
K n capacitance C each, have plates of area A,
38. A uniformly charged ring of radius 3a and total separated by a distance d. The space between the
charge q is placed in xy-plane centred at origin. A plates of the two capacitors, is filled with three
point charge q is moving towards the ring along the dielectrics, of equal thickness and dielectric
z-axis and has speed v at z = 4a. constants K1, K2 and K3. The first capacitor is
The minimum value of v such that it crosses the filled as shown in fig. I, and the second one is filled
origin is : [JEE (Main)-2019] as shown in fig II.

1/2 1/2 If these two modified capacitors are charged by

2  1 q2  2  1 q2  the same potential V, the ratio of the energy stored
(1)   (2)  
m  15 40a  m  5 4 0 a  in the two, would be (E1 refers to capacitor (I) and
E2 to capacitor (II)): [JEE (Main)-2019]
1/2 1/2
2  4 q2  2  2 q2 
(3)   (4)   K1
m  15 40a  m  15 40a 
K2 K1 K2 K3
39. Figure shows charge (q) versus voltage (V) graph
for series and parallel combination of two given K3
capacitors. The capacitances are : (I) (II)
[JEE (Main)-2019] E1 (K1  K 2  K 3 ) (K 2K 3  K 3K1  K1K 2 )
q (mC) A
(1) E  K1K 2K 3
2

E1 (K1  K 2  K 3 ) (K 2K 3  K 3K1  K1K 2 )

500 (2) E  9 K1K 2K 3
B 2

80
E1 9 K1K 2K 3
(3) E  (K  K  K ) (K K  K K  K K )
10 V V (volt) 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 1 1 2

(1) 40 F and 10 F (2) 20 μF and 30 μF

E1 K1K 2K 3
(4) E  (K  K  K ) (K K  K K  K K )
(3) 60 μF and 40 μF (4) 50 μF and 30 μF 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 1 1 2

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43. In the given circuit, the charge on 4 mF capacitor V1
will be [JEE (Main)-2019] 
1 F
4 F d
5 F

a V2

3 F 0 a 2  3 a  0 a 2  a 
(1)
d  1  2d  (2)
d  1  2d 
   
10 V
(1) 5.4 mC (2) 9.6 mC 0 a 2  a  0 a 2  a 
(3)
d 1  d  (4)
d  1  4d 
(3) 13.4 mC (4) 24 mC    
47. Consider two charged metallic spheres S1 and S2
44.
of radii R1 and R2, respectively. The electric fields
E1 (on S1) and E2 (on S2) on their surfaces are
such that E 1 /E 2 = R 1 /R 2 . Then the ratio
V1 (on S1)/V2(on S2) of the electrostatic potentials
A parallel plate capacitor has plates of area A on each sphere is [JEE (Main)-2020]
separated by distance ‘d’ between them. It is filled
(1) (R1/R2)2 (2) (R2/R1)
with a dielectric which has a dielectric constant
that varies as k(x) = K(1 + ax) where ‘x’ is the 3
distance measured from one of the plates. If  R1 
(3)   (4) R1/R2
(ad) << 1, the total capacitance of the system is  R2 
best given by the expression [JEE (Main)-2020]
48. A 10 mF capacitor is fully charged to a potential
AK  0 difference of 50 V. After removing the source voltage
(1) (1  d )
d it is connected to an uncharged capacitor in
parallel. Now the potential difference across them
A 0 K  2d 2 
(2) 1   becomes 20 V. The capacitance of the second
d  2  capacitor is [JEE (Main)-2020]
AK  0  d  (1) 20 mF
(3) 1  (2) 10 mF
d  2 
(3) 15 mF
A 0 K   d 2 
(4) 1     (4) 30 mF
d   2  
49. A charge Q is distributed over two concentric
45. Effective capacitance of parallel combination of two conducting thin spherical shells radii r and
capacitors C 1 and C 2 is 10 mF. W hen these R (R > r). If the surface charge densities on the
capacitors are individually connected to a voltage two shells are equal, the electric potential at the
source of 1 V, the energy stored in the capacitor
common centre is [JEE (Main)-2020]
C2 is 4 times that of C1. If these capacitors are
connected in series, their effective capacitance will
be [JEE (Main)-2020] r
(1) 1.6 mF (2) 3.2 mF R

(3) 4.2 mF (4) 8.4 mF

1 (R  r ) 1 (R  2r )Q
(1) 4 Q (2)
46. A capacitor is made of two square plates each of 2 2
0 (R  r ) 40 2(R 2  r 2 )
side ‘a’ making a very small angle a between
them, as shown in figure. The capacitance will be 1 (R  r ) 1 (2R  r )
(3) 4 Q (4) Q
close to [JEE (Main)-2020] 2
0 2(R  r )
2 40 (R 2  r 2 )

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50. Two isolated conducting spheres S1 and S2 of q2
2 1 (1) Decrease by
R and R have 12 mC and –3 mC 40 d
radius
3 3
4q 2
charges, respectively, and are at a large distance (2) Decrease by
from each other. They are now connected by a 30 d
conducting wire. A long time after this is done the
2q 2
charges on S1 and S2 are respectively (3) Increase by
30 d
[JEE (Main)-2020]
(1) 4.5 mC on both 3q 2
(4) Increase by
(2) +4.5 mC and –4.5 mC 40 d
(3) 6 mC and 3 mC 54. A capacitor C is fully charged with voltage V0. After
disconnecting the voltage source, it is connected
(4) 3 mC and 6 mC in parallel with another uncharged capacitor of
51. In the circuit shown in the figure, the total charge C
is 750 mC and the voltage across capacitor C2 is capacitance . The energy loss in the process
2
20 V. Then the charge on capacitor C2 is after the charge is distributed between the two
[JEE (Main)-2020] capacitors is [JEE (Main)-2020]
C2
1 1
C1 = 15 F (1) CV02 (2) CV02
4 3
C3 = 8 F 1 1
(3) CV02 (4) CV02
6 2
+ – 55. Two capacitors of capacitances C and 2C are
V charged to potential differences V and 2V,
respectively. These are then connected in parallel
(1) 650 mC (2) 590 mC in such a manner that the positive terminal of one
(3) 160 mC (4) 450 mC is connected to the negative terminal of the other.
The final energy of this configuration is
52. Concentric metallic hollow spheres of radii R and [JEE (Main)-2020]
4R hold charges Q 1 and Q 2 respectively.
Given that surface charge densities of the 3 9
(1) CV 2 (2) CV 2
concentric spheres are equal, the potential 2 2
difference V(R) – V(4R) is [JEE (Main)-2020] 25
(3) Zero (4) CV 2
6
3Q2 3Q1 56. A solid sphere of radius R carries a charge
(1) 4 R (2) 16 0 R
0 Q + q distributed uniformly over its volume. A very
small point like piece of it of mass m gets
Q2 3Q1 detached from the bottom of the sphere and falls
(3) 4 R (4) down vertically under gravity. This piece carries
40 R
0 charge q. If it acquires a speed v when it has fallen
through a vertical height y (see figure), then
53. A two point charges 4q and –q are fixed on the
(assume the remaining portion to be spherical).
d d [JEE (Main)-2020]
x-axis at x   and x  , respectively. If a
2 2
third point charge ‘q’ is taken from the origin to Q R
x = d along the semicircle as shown in the figure,
the energy of the charge will [JEE (Main)-2020]
q

y
4q –q v

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 61. Two equal capacitors are first connected in series
 qQ 
(1) v 2  y   g and then in parallel. The ratio of the equivalent
 40 R(R  y )m  capacities in the two cases will be
[JEE (Main)-2021]
 qQ R 
(2) v 2  2y  3
 g (1) 1 : 2
 40 (R  y ) m 
(2) 2 : 1
 qQ  (3) 1 : 4
(3) v 2  y  2
 g
 40R ym  (4) 4 : 1
62. 512 identical drops of mercury are charged to a
2  qQ  potential of 2 V each. The drops are joined to form
(4) v  2y   g
 4  0 R ( R  y )m  a single drop. The potential of this drop is
_________ V. [JEE (Main)-2021]
57. A parallel plate capacitor has plate of length ‘l’,
width ‘w’ and separation of plates is ‘d’. It is 63. An electron with kinetic energy K1 enters between
connected to a battery of emf V. A dielectric slab parallel plates of a capacitor at an angle ‘a’ with the
of the same thickness ‘d’ and of dielectric constant plates. It leaves the plates at angle ‘b’ with kinetic
k = 4 is being inserted between the plates of the energy K2. Then the ratio of kinetic energies K1 :
capacitor. At what length of the slab inside plates, K2 will be: [JEE (Main)-2021]
will the energy stored in the capacitor be two
cos  cos 
times the initial energy stored? [JEE (Main)-2020] (1) (2)
sin  cos 
 
(1) (2)
4 2 cos2  sin2 
(3) (4)
cos2  cos2 
2 
(3) (4) 64. The average translational kinetic energy of N2 gas
3 3
molecules at ___ °C becomes equal to the K.E. of
58. In the circuit shown, charge on the 5 mF capacitor an electron accelerated from rest through a
is [JEE (Main)-2020] potential difference of 0.1 volt. (Given kB = 1.38 ×
2 F 4 F 10–23 J/K) (Fill the nearest integer).
[JEE (Main)-2021]
65. 27 similar drops of mercury are maintained at 10 V
5 F
each. All these spherical drops combine into a
single big drop. The potential energy of the bigger
O drop is ______ times that of a smaller drop.
6V 6V
[JEE (Main)-2021]
(1) 16.36 mC (2) 18.00 mC
66. For changing the capacitance of a given parallel
(3) 5.45 mC (4) 10.90 mC plate capacitor, a dielectric material of dielectric
59. A 60 pF capacitor is fully charged by a 20 V constant K is used, which has the same area as
supply. It is then disconnected from the supply and the plates of the capacitor. The thickness of the
is connected to another uncharged 60 pF capacitor 3
in parallel. The electrostatic energy that is lost in dielectric slab is d , where ‘d’ is the separation
4
this process by the time the charge is redistributed between the plates of parallel plate capacitor. The
between them is (in nJ) _________. new capacitance (C¢) in terms of original
[JEE (Main)-2020] capacitance (C0) is given by the following relation:

60. A 5 mF capacitor is charged fully by a 220 V [JEE (Main)-2021]

supply. It is then disconnected from the supply and
4K 4
is connected in series to another uncharged (1) C  C0 (2) C  C0
2.5 mF capacitor. If the energy change during the 3 3K
X
charge redistribution is J then value of X to 3K 4K
100 (3) C  C0 (4) C  C0
the nearest integer is _____. [JEE (Main)-2020] 4K K3

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67. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 200 mF is
connected to a battery of 200 V. A dielectric slab
of dielectric constant 2 is now inserted into the
space between plates of capacitor while the battery
remains connected. The change in the
electrostatic energy in the capacitor will be ___ J.
[JEE (Main)-2021]
68. Four identical rectangular plates with length,
3 distance of separation ‘d’ is filled with a dielectric.
l = 2 units and breadth, b = units are arranged
2
as shown in figure. The equivalent capacitance
x 0
between A and C is units. The value of x is
d 
_______. (Round off to the nearest integer)
[JEE (Main)-2021]
A B C D
71. A parallel plate capacitor has plate area 100 m2
and plate separation of 10 m. The space between
the plates is filled up to a thickness 5 m with a
material of dielectric constant of 10. The resultant
capacitance of the system is ‘x’ pF.
The value of e0 = 8.85 × 10–12 F.m–1
The value of ‘x’ to the nearest integer is ___.
[JEE (Main)-2021]
72. A parallel plate capacitor with plate area ‘A’ and
W hat is the capacity of the capacitor when
permittivity of the dielectric varies as
[JEE (Main)-2021]
d
  x   0  kx, for  0  x  
 2
d 
  x   0  k  d  x  , for   x  d 
2 

 kd 
2/kA
kA  20 
(1)  0   (2) ln  
 2  2  20  kd 

kA
(3) (4) 0
 2  kd 
2ln  0 
d d d  20 
69. A parallel plate capacitor whose capacitance C is
73. If qf is the free charge on the capacitor plates and
14 pF is charged by a battery to a potential
qb is the bound charge on the dielectric slab of
difference V = 12 V between its plates. The
dielectric constant k placed between the capacitor
charging battery is now disconnected and a plates, then bound charge qb can be expressed as
porcelain plate with k = 7 is inserted between the
[JEE (Main)-2021]
plates, then the plate would oscillate back and
forth between the plates with a constant
 1   1 
mechanical energy of _______ pJ. (1) qb  qf  1   (2) qb  qf  1  
 k  k
( Assume no friction) [JEE (Main)-2021]
 1  1
70. A 2 mF capacitor C1 is first charged to a potential (3) qb  qf  1   (4) qb  qf  1  
 k  k
difference of 10 V using a battery. Then the battery
is removed and the capacitor is connected to an 74. Two capacitors of capacities 2C and C are joined
uncharged capacitor C2 of 8 mF. The charge on in parallel and charged up to potential V. The
C2 in equilibrium condition is______mC. (Round off battery is removed and the capacitor of capacity C
is filled completely with a medium of dielectric
to the nearest Integer) [JEE (Main)-2021]
constant K. The potential difference across the
S1 S2 capacitors will now be [JEE (Main)-2021]

3V 3V
(1) (2)
2 F 8 F K2 K
10 V C1 C2
V V
(3) (4)
K K2

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75. In the reported figure, a capacitor is formed by
placing a compound dielectric between the plates
of parallel plate capacitor. The expression for the
capacity of the said capacitor will be : (Given area
of plate = A) [JEE (Main)-2021]
77. A solid metal sphere of radius R having charge q
is enclosed inside the conducting concentric
spherical shell of inner radius a and outer radius b
as shown in figure.
 The approximate variation of
electric field E as a function of distance r from
centre O is given by: [JEE (Main)-2021]

C1 C2 C3

K 3K 5K
b
d 2d 3d

a
15 K0 A
(1)
6 d

15 K0 A
(2)
34 d

25 K0 A
(3) 
6 d
(1) E
9 K 0 A
(4)
6 d a r
R b
76. A simple pendulum of mass ‘m’, length ‘I’ and
charge ‘+q’ suspended in the electric field produced
by two conducting parallel plates as shown. The
value of deflection of pendulum in equilibrium
position will be [JEE (Main)-2021] 
(2) E
l

– V1 a r
R b
+ V2 m
+q
air
t
d

E
 q C2 (V2  V1 )  (3)
(1) tan1   
 mg (C1  C2 )(d  t ) 
R a b r
 q C1(V2  V1 ) 
(2) tan1   
 mg (C1  C2 )(d  t ) 

 q C1(V1  V2 )  
(3) tan1   
 mg (C1  C2 )(d  t )  (4) E

 q C2 (V1  V2 ) 
(4) tan1    R a b r
 mg (C1  C2 )(d  t ) 

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78. The two thin coaxial rings, each of radius ‘a’ and 80. Three capacitors C1 = 2 mF, C2 = 6 mF and C3 =
having charges +Q and –Q respectively are 12 mF are connected as shown in figure. Find the
separated by a distance of ‘s’. The potential ratio of the charges on capacitors C1, C2 and C3
difference between the centres of the two rings is: respectively: [JEE (Main)-2021]
[JEE (Main)-2021]
D
Q 1 1 
(1)    C2 C3
20 a 2 2 A B
 s a 

Q 1 1 
(2)    C1
20 a 2 2
s a 

V
Q 1 1 
(3)   
40 a 2 2
s a 
 (1) 2 : 3 : 3

(2) 1 : 2 : 2
Q 1 1 
(4)   
40 a s2  a 2 
 (3) 2 : 1 : 1

79. A parallel-plate capacitor with plate area A has (4) 3 : 4 : 4

separation d between the plates. Two dielectric
slabs of dielectric constant K1 and K2 of same area 81. A parallel plate capacitor is formed by two plates
A/2 and thickness d/2 are inserted in the space each of area 30 cm2 separated by 1 mm. A material
between the plates. The capacitance of the of dielectric strength 3.6 × 107 Vm–1 is filled between
capacitor will be given by : [JEE (Main)-2021] the plates. If the maximum charge that can be stored
on the capacitor without causing any dielectric
breakdown is 7 × 10–6 C, the value of dielectric
Q
+ + + + + + + + + + constant of the material is :

K1
1
d [Use  9  109 Nm2 C–2 ]
40
K2

– – – – – – – – – –Q [JEE (Main)-2022]

(1) 1.66

0 A  1 K1  K 2  (2) 1.75
(1) d  2  K K 
 1 2  (3) 2.25

0 A  1 K1K 2  (4) 2.33

(2)   
d  2 2(K1  K 2 ) 
82. The equivalent capacitance between points A and B
in below shown figure will be _______ F.
0 A  1 2(K1  K 2 ) 
(3)   
d 2 K1K 2 

0 A  1 K1K 2 
(4)   
d  2 K1  K 2 
[JEE (Main)-2022]

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83. Two metallic plates form a parallel plate capacitor. 87. A parallel plate capacitor is made up of stair like
The distance between the plates is ‘d’. A metal sheet structure with a plate area A of each stair and that is
d connected with a wire of length b, as shown in the
of thickness and of area equal to area of each figure. The capacitance of the arrangement is
2
plate is introduced between the plates. What will be x 0 A
, the value of x is ______?
the ratio of the new capacitance to the original 15 b
capacitance of the capacitor? [JEE (Main)-2022] [JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) 2 : 1

(2) 1 : 2

(3) 1 : 4

(4) 4 : 1

84. 27 identical drops are charged at 22 V each. They

combine to form a bigger drop. The potential of the
bigger drop will be ______ V. [JEE (Main)-2022]

85. Two capacitors having capacitance C1 and C2

respectively are connected as shown in figure. Initially,
capacitor C1 is charged to a potential difference V volt
by a battery. The battery is then removed and the
charged capacitor C1 is now connected to uncharged
capacitor C2 by closing the switch S. The amount of
charge on the capacitor C2, after equilibrium, is
[JEE (Main)-2022]
88. A capacitor C1 of capacitance 5 F is charged to a
potential of 30 V using a battery. The battery is then
removed and the charged capacitor is connected to
an uncharged capacitor C2 of capacitance 10 F as
shown in figure. When the switch is closed charge
flows between the capacitors. At equilibrium, the
charge on the capacitor C2 is ____ C.
[JEE (Main)-2022]

C1C2
(1) (C  C ) V
1 2

(C1  C2 )
(2) V
C1C2

(3) (C1 + C2)V 89. A parallel plate capacitor filled with a medium of
dielectric constant 10, is connected across a battery
(4) (C1 – C2)V and is charged. The dielectric slab is replaced by
another slab of dielectric constant 15. Then the
86. A capacitor of capacitance 50 pF is charged by energy of capacitor will : [JEE (Main)-2022]
100 V source. It is then connected to another (1) Increased by 50%
uncharged identical capacitor. Electrostatic energy
(2) Decrease by 15%
loss in the process is ________ nJ.
(3) Increase by 25%

[JEE (Main)-2022] (4) Increase by 33%

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90. If the electric potential at any point (x, y, z) m in space
is given by V = 3x2 volt.
The electric field at the point (1, 0, 3) m will be
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) 3 Vm –1, directed along positive x-axis
93. A composite parallel plate capacitor is made up of
two different dielectric materials with different
thickness (t1 and t2) as shown in figure. The two
different dielectric materials are separated by a
conducting foil F. The voltage of the conducting foil
is ___V. [JEE (Main)-2022]

(2) 3 Vm –1, directed along negative x-axis

(3) 6 Vm –1, directed along positive x-axis

(4) 6 Vm –1, directed along negative x-axis

94. A parallel plate capacitor with width 4 cm, length 8
91. A condenser of 2 F capacitance is charged steadily cm and separation between the plates of 4 mm is
from 0 to 5 C. Which of the following graph represents connected to a battery of 20 V. A dielectric slab of
dielectric constant 5 having length 1 cm, width 4 cm
correctly the variation of potential difference (V) and thickness 4 mm is inserted between the plates
across it’s plates with respect to the charge (Q) on of parallel plate capacitor. The electrostatic energy
the condenser? [JEE (Main)-2022] of this system will be _______ 0 J. (Where 0 is the
permittivity of free space)
[JEE (Main)-2022]
95. A slab of dielectric constant K has the same
cross-sectional area as the plates of a parallel plate
(1)
3
capacitor and thickness d , where d is the
4
separation of the plates. The capacitance of the
capacitor when the slab is inserted between the
plates will be:
(Given C0 = capacitance of capacitor with air as
(2)
medium between plates.)
[JEE (Main)-2022]

4KC0 3KC0
(1) (2)
3K 3K

(3) 3K K
(3) 4KC (4)
0 4K
96. Given below are two statements.
Statement I : Electric potential is constant within
and at the surface of each conductor.
(4) Statement II : Electric field just outside a charged
conductor is perpendicular to the surface of the
conductor at every point.
92. The total charge on the system of capacitors In the light of the above statements, choose the most
C1 = 1 F, C2 = 2 F, C3 = 4 F and C4 = 3 F appropriate answer from the options given below.
connected in parallel is : [JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) Both statement I and statement II are correct
(Assume a battery of 20 V is connected to the
combination) [JEE (Main)-2022] (2) Both statement I and statement II are incorrect
(3) Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
(1) 200 C (2) 200 C
(4) Statement I is incorrect but statement II is
(3) 10 C (4) 10 C correct

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97. Two identical thin metal plates has charge q1 and q2 100. Two capacitors, each having capacitance 40 F are
respectively such that q1 > q2. The plates were
connected in series. The space between one of the
brought close to each other to form a parallel plate
capacitor of capacitance C. The potential difference capacitors is filled with dielectric material of dielectric
between them is [JEE (Main)-2022] constant K such that the equivalence capacitance of
the system became 24 F. The value of K will be :
(q1  q2 )
(A) [JEE (Main)-2022]
C
(1) 1.5
(q1  q2 )
(B) (2) 2.5
C
(3) 1.2
(q1  q2 ) (4) 3
(C)
2C
101. The charge on capacitor of capacitance 15 F in the
figure given below is
2(q1  q2 )
(D)
C 10 F 15 F 20 F

98. Capacitance of an isolated conducting sphere of

radius R1 becomes n times when it is enclosed by a
concentric conducting sphere of radius R2 connected
to earth. + –
V
13 V
 R2 
The ratio of their radii  R  is: [JEE (Main)-2022] [JEE (Main)-2022]
 1
(1) 60 C (2) 130C

n (3) 260C (4) 585C

(1)
n 1 102. A parallel plate capacitor with plate area A and plate
separation d = 2 m has a capacitance of 4 mF. The
2n
(2) new capacitance of the system if half of the space
2n  1
between them is filled with a dielectric material of
n 1 dielectric constant K = 3 (as shown in figure) will be
(3)
n [JEE (Main)-2022]

2n  1
(4)
n

99. Two uniformly charged spherical conductors A and B

of radii 5 mm and 10 mm are separated by a distance
of 2 cm. If the spheres are connected by a conducting
wire, then in equilibrium condition, the ratio of the
magnitude of the electric fields at the surface of the
sphere A and B will be [JEE (Main)-2022]

(1) 1:2 (1) 2 F

(2) 2:1 (2) 32 F

(3) 1:1 (3) 6 F

(4) 1:4 (4) 8 F

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103. Sixty four conducting drops each of radius 0.02 m 106. If the charge on a capacitor is increased by 2 C, the
and each carrying a charge of 5 C are combined to energy stored in it increases by 44%. The original
form a bigger drop. The ratio of surface density of charge on the capacitor is (in C)
bigger drop to the smaller drop will be:
[JEE (Main)-2022]
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) 10 (2) 20
(1) 1 : 4
(3) 30 (4) 40
(2) 4 : 1
107. A source of potential difference V is connected to the
(3) 1 : 8 combination of two identical capacitors as shown in
the figure. When key ‘K’ is closed, the total energy
(4) 8 : 1
stored across the combination is E1. Now key ‘K’ is
104. A force of 10 N acts on a charged particle placed
opened and dielectric of dielectric constant 5 is
between two plates of a charged capacitor. If one
introduced between the plates of the capacitors. The
plate of capacitor is removed, then the force acting
total energy stored across the combination is now
on that particle will be [JEE (Main)-2022]
E2. The ratio E1/E2 will be [JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) 5 N

(2) 10 N

(3) 20 N

(4) Zero

105. Two parallel plate capacitors of capacity C and 3C are

connected in parallel combination and charged to a
potential difference 18 V. The battery is then discon-
nected and the space between the plates of the
capacitor of capacity C is completely filled with a 1 2
(1) (2)
10 5
material of dielectric constant 9. The final potential
difference across the combination of capacitors will be 5 5
(3) (4)
[JEE (Main)-2022] 13 26



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Chapter 15

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

1. Answer (3) 7. Answer (3)
Q = 100e = –100 × 1.6 × 10–19 = –1.6 × 10–17C  
dV  E  dx
V = –14 V
VA 2
 W = Q V = 14 × 1.6 × 10–17 = 2.24 × 10–16 J
 dV   30 x dx
2

2. Answer (1) VO 0

We = – q (Vf – Vi) It depends on initial and final

VA  VO  [10 x 3 ]02  80 J
point only, because electrostatic field is a
conservative field. 8. Answer (1)
3. Answer (4)

E
2
K 0
q 2 (q0 ) –2t / RC
U  e  U0 e –2t / RC
2C 2C  = K0 E
= 2.2 × 8.85 ×10–12 × 3 ×104  6 × 10–7 C/m2
– t / RC
q  q0 e
9. Answer (3, 4)

1 Q
When charge becomes times, energy becomes V0  k ...(i)
4 R

1 kQ
16
times. VI   3R 2  r 2 
2R 3

So, t1 = one half life, while t2 = 4 half lives

3
V  V0 R1 = 0
4. Answer (2) 2

5. Answer (2)
5 kQ  2 2
 kQ 3R 3 r
For this, charge must be same Q = C1V1 = C2V2 4 R 2R
 120C1 = 200C2
R
 R2 
 3C1 = 5C2 2
6. Answer (4)
3 kQ kQ
 3
kdq 4 R R
V 
Lx
4R
 R3 
L 3
kQ dL kQ
L O L  x
V  ln2
L 1 kQ kQ

4 R R4
Q
V  ln2  R4 = 4R  R4 > 2R
40L

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10. Answer (2)
 4a2 4 b 2 4c 2 
3C VB     
Caq = ...(i)  40 b 40 b 40 c 
3 C

 3C    a2  b2 
Total charges q   E ...(ii) VB    c
 3 C  0  b 
Charge upon capacitor 2 F,
14. Answer (1)
2 3CE 2CE 2E
q     C' = KC0
3 (3  C ) 3  C 1  3
C Q = KC0V

dQ dQ 2  1
Now,  0, 0 Qinduced  Q  1– 
dC dC 2  K
11. Answer (2)
Cnet = 5 F 5  3
  90  10 –12  20  1– 
Qnet = 5 × 8 = 40 3  5

Q4 F = 24 = 1.2 nC
Q9 F = 18 15. Answer (1)
Q = Q4 F + Q9 F = 42 C
k1
0 k1k2a2 ln
kQ 9  10  42  10 4 –6 k2
E   420 N/C Ceq 
r2 30  30 (k1  k2 )d

12. Answer (4)

Following arrangement will do the needful :
8 capacitors of 1F in parallel with four such k1
d
branches in series. k2

1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 a
3 3 3 3
8 8 8 8
1
0 ka 2 ln
 Ceq  k
1000 V d (1  k )

8 F 8 F 8 F 8 F as k1 = 1, k2 = k

250 V 250 V 250 V 250 V 0 ka 2

 Ceq  ln k
d (k  1)
1000 V
16. Answer (4)
13. Answer (2)
C C1 C2 C C 0 A /2
Ceq   3 4 , C1 = K1 C, C
B C1  C2 C3  C4 d /2
A +
– Similarly
+
a
C2 = K2C
b C3 = K3C

c C4 = K4C

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  A  K K K 3 K 4  0 A /2 kQ kQ kq kQ
K eq.  0    1 2   VA =   
 d   1K  K 2 K 3  K 4  d /2
2 2 2 4
2 2
22  4 2

K1K 2 K 3K 4 2kQ
 K eq. =  VA  kQ 
K1  K 2 K 3  K 4 2 5

17. Answer (2)  1  Q2  1 

PE  kQ 2  1   1  
1  5  4 0  5
V
d2 21. Answer (3)

4qa 2qa 1
 Uin =  12  1012  100
x2 (R  x )2 2
 Uin = 600 pJ
x and, Q = 120 pC
(R  x ) 
2
1 120  120  1024  2
Ufinal = 
2 12  10 12  13
2R
x  Ufinal = 92.3 pJ
 2 1  Uinitial – Ufinal = W  508 pJ
18. Answer (1) 22. Answer (1)

Q   4  a 2  b 2  c 2 
K .q
For spherical shell V  , r  r0
r0

1  4 a 2 4 b 2 4c 2  Kq
V       , r  r0
40  a b c  r
V
1 Q a  b  c 
  2
4 0  a  b 2  c 2 

19. Answer (3)

C = C1 + C2 + C3 r = r0 r
23. Answer (1)
0K A 0K1A 0K2 A 0K3 A
  
d 3d 3d 3d kq 2 kQq kQq
0U   
a a 2a
K1  K 2  K 3 10  12  14
 K=   12
3 3  1 
q  Q  1  
20. Answer (4)  2

kQ kQ kQ kQ q( 2)
VA    2  Q
2 2 2 4 2 2 1
2  42
2

24. Answer (1)

Q Let charge be Q1 & Q2
(0, 2) Q (4, 2)
Q1 Q2
A 
x 6 4
Q (0, 0)
 Q1 + Q2 = 30
Q Q
(0, –2) (4, –2)  Q1 = 18 C, Q2 = 12 C

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25. Answer (1) 29. Answer (1)
C1C2  Q
C , where C1 = 6 F E 
C1  C2 0 A0
1 4 1 Q = EA0 = 100 × 1 × 8.85 × 10–12 C
  C2  F
C2 2 2 = 8.85 × 10–10 C
30. Answer (3)
1 k A
6 C 0
2 6
C  F d
1 13
6
2 V
E
d
26. Answer (4)
k  8.86  10 12  10 4  106
15  10 12 
Q2 Q2 1 500
 =  mv2 k = 8.5
40 R0 40 R 2
31. Answer (2)
In case-1
Q2 2 1 1
 v=     Electric field between spherical surface
40 m  R0 R 
 KQ
So v increases and attains a finite value after large E 2
r
time.
27. Answer (1)
+Q
H = U –Q +Q


1 C  3C E
=  (V 2 )
2 C  3C
In case-2
1 3 3
=  CV 2  CV 2 Electric field between surfaces remain unchanged.
2 4 8

3 Q2 +Q
H = –Q –3Q
8 C
28. Answer (1)
C 2 2
A  Potential difference between them remain
2 unchanged too.
4 32. Answer (1)
B  
dV  –E  dr  –  Ax  B  dx
A C 7/3 B V1 1

 dV   –  Ax  B  dx
7 V2 –5
C
3 1

7 2  
1
C x2
3 V1 – V2   – A – Bx 
 2  –5
 14C = 3C + 7
 A  A 
  – – B    25  B  –5  
7  2  2 
 C= F
11 = 12A – 6B = 240 – 60 = 180 V

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33. Answer (2) 38. Answer (4)
–1 C
q 1 C 3 C –– ++ 3  C
V   +Q, R
C 1 F –
–
+
+
– +
– +
=1V –1 C
Q
34. Answer (1)


E
20 r
Potential at any point of the charged ring
VP
 KQ
 dV    2 r dr
VG 0
VP 
R2  x2
The minimum velocity (v0) should just sufficient to
 r reach the point charge at the center, therefore
 VP  VG  2 ln r
0 0 1
mv 02  Q[VC  VP ]
2
1
mv 2  q (VP  VG )
2  KQ KQ 
Q 
1  3a 5a 
  r  2
 v  ln    4KQ 2 4 1 q2
  r0   v 02  
15 ma 15 40 ma
35. Answer (3)
1
Q2 2 2q 2 2
Ui   v0   
2C1 m  15  40a 

Q2 39. Answer (1)

Uf 
2C2 Equivalent capacitance for series combination

Q2  1 1  (5)2  1 1  C1C2
W   C 
   C1  C2
2  C2 C1  2  2 5 

W = 3.75 J For parallel combination C   C1  C2

36. Answer (1)
Also C   C 
2
Kq
U  QV 500
d C1  C2   50 μF
10
KP Kqd
V  2
 C1C2 80
D D2 and   8 μF
C1  C2 10
Kq 2 KQqd
U   C1C2 = 400 F
d D2
Solving C1 = 40 F C2 = 10 F
37. Answer (1) CV
40. Answer (2)
Initially Q = CV(1 + n)
 Ceq = (K + n)C 1 C 1 mm
mB = 4 gram
A B B
CV 1  n  V 1  n  = 4×10–9 kg
 V   nCV (Fixed)
Ui 
kq1q 2
kq1q2
K  n C K  n  r1 Uf 
r2

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 Conservation of energy 44. Answer (3)

kq1q2 kq1q2 1 k  K 1  x 
  mv 2
r1 r2 2
0 K 1  x  A
Cel 
dx
2kq1q2 1 1 x
v2    
m  r1 r2  d
 1 1  dx 
  d  C   Cel    0KA 1  x  
0
2  9  109  10 12  1 
1   = 4 × 10
= 9
4  10 9  103  9  1 1
  ln 1  x d0
C 0 KA
v  40  104 m/s  6.32  104 m/s

41. Answer (3) 1 1

  ln 1  d 
C 0KA
 
p
E  K 3 3cos2   1
r 1  2d 2 
  d  
  = /2 (0, d, 0) 0 KA  2 

 kp d  d 
 E 3  1
d 0 KA  2 

42. Answer (3)

0 KA 0 KA  d 
C   C 1  
1 d  1 1 1   d  d  2 
d 1  
 K  K  K   2 
C1 3 A 0  1 2 3 

45. Answer (1)

3 A0 (K1 K 2 K 3 )
C1  In parallel combination, C1 + C2 = 10 F
d (K1 K 2  K 2 K 3  K 3 K1)
When connected across 1 V battery, then

A 0 U1 1 C 1
C2  (K1  K 2  K 3 )   1 
3d U2 4 C2 4

E1 C1 3 K1 K2 K3 3  C2 = 8 F C1 = 2 F
  
E2 C2 (K1 K 2  K2 K3  K3 K1) (K1  K2  K3 )  In series combination,

C1C2 16
E1 9 K1 K 2 K 3 Cequivalent    1.6 F
  C1  C2 10
E2 (K1  K 2  K 3 ) (K1 K 2  K 2 K 3  K3 K1 )
46. Answer (2)
43. Answer (4)
dC
4 F 6 F

3 F

10 V x=0 a

y = tan x
 46 
Q 4 F      10 C
46 adx 60
 dC 
= 24 C d  x tan 

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 x a 50. Answer (3)
dx
 Ceq   dc  a0 
x tan   d
x 0 2R
[By Binomial expansion] 3 R/3

–3 C
a 12 C
a0 a  x tan   a0  x 2 tan   C
 Ceq  d   1 d  dx  d  x 
d 2 
 2C
0   0
Ceq = 3C, Qtotal = 12–3
2 2
a 0  a tan   0 a  a  = 9 C
 Ceq   1    1
d  2d  d  2d 
2C
47. Answer (1)  q1   9  6 C
3C
Let 1 and 2 are the charge densities of two
sphere. Then, q2 = 3 C
51. Answer (2)
R  R
E1  1 1 and E0  2 2 Q3 = C3V3
3 0 3 0
V3 = 20 V
E1 1R1 R1 Q3 = 160 C
  
E2 2R2 R2
Q = Q 2 + Q3
 1 = 2 =  Q2 = 590 C

R12 R22 52. Answer (2)

So, V1  and V2 
3 0 3 0
4R
2
V1  R1 
  
V2  R2  •R
Q1
48. Answer (3)
Q2
C1V
Vfinal 
C1  C2 Q1 Q2
 2

R 16R 2
C2  15 F
49. Answer (1)  Q2  16Q1
Let charges on shells be q1 and q2
 KQ1 KQ2   KQ1 KQ2 
q1 + q2 = Q ....(i)  R  4R    4R  4R   V1  V2
   
q1 q2
 ....(ii)
4r 2
4R 2 3 Q1 3Q1
 V1  V2   
4 40 R 160 R
r2 R2
We get q1  Q, q2  Q 53. Answer (2)
r2 R 2
r 2  R2
4q 2  1 1 
1  q1 q2  u = 
V     40  3d / 2 d / 2 

40  r R

1 R  r  4q 2
 Q u = 

40 R 2  r 2  30 d

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54. Answer (3) Q = q1 + q2
5V0 = 2(6 – V0) + 4(6 – V0)
1 C1C2 1
U  V02  CV02
2 C1  C2 6 36
V0 = V
55. Answer (1) 11

4CV – CV 180
Vcommon = = V Q = 5V0 = C
3C 11
C, V 59. Answer (6)
+–
V0 V0/2
+ – + –

–+
C
+ –
2C, 2V
C
Ceq = C + 2C = 3C

1 3 1
 Uf =   3C   V 2  CV 2 Ui  CV02
2 2 2
56. Answer (4) 2
1 V 
Uf  2C.  0 
1 2  2
mv 2  mgy  Uelec.
2
1 1
H  Ui  Uf  CV02   60  10 12  400  109 nJ
1 1  4 4
Uelec.  kQq  
 R ( R  y )  = 6 nJ
60. Answer (4)
2  qQ 
 v  2y  4  R (R  y )m  g 
 0  C = 5 F
57. Answer (4)

1
U CV 2
2
V0 = 220 V
U1 C
2  1 2
U2 C Q0 = CV0

kx  (  x ) C
2 Now battery is disconnected and a capacitor of
 2
is connected to C then

x=
3 C
58. Answer (1)
Total charge  Q0
+q1 _ V0V _ 4 F 3C
+q2
Ceq. 
2 F C 2
2
+ Q
– 5 F
Q02 2Q02 Q2  1 
 E    E  0  
OV 2C 3C  2 2C  3 
6V 6V
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 66. Answer (4)
1
 E  × 220 × 220 × 5 × 10–6  4 × 10–2 J
6 0 A
C
 X=4 t
d t 
61. Answer (3) K

C 0 A 0 A
C1  for series  
2 3d 3d d 3d
d  
C2 = C + C = 2C for parallel 4 4K 4 4K

C 4K  0 A
C1 1 
  2  (K  3)d
C2 2C 4

62. Answer (128) 4K

 C0
K 3
Kq
 V0 67. Answer (4)
r
1
KQ 1 Uinitial   (200  106 )  (200)2
V  , where Q = nq and R  n 3 r 2
R
1
U final  (200  106  2)  (200)2
2 2
V  3
n V0 1
U   200  106  4  10 4 = 4 J
2
 128 volts
68. Answer (2)
63. Answer (3) B C
v1cos = v2cos
A B
K1 v12 cos2  A C
 
K 2 v 22 cos2 

v2 D C

v1  C.2C 2  lb 2
CAB   . 0  0
 C  2C 3 d d
69. Answer (864)
64. Answer (500)
1
Ui  CV 2  1008 pJ
1 2
3  kBT  (1.6  10 19 ) (0.1)  773 K  500C
2 After releasing the slab it will have maximum
65. Answer (243.00) K.E.(which is also equal to M.E.) while crossing
mean position.
C  Q 2
U Q 2 C 2V 2 1 CV 2
R Uf     144 pJ
2C  2C  2 k

For smaller drop, Us 

C  Q0 2 M.E. = Ui – Uf
r = 864 pJ
70. Answer (16)
C   27Q0 2
For bigger drop, UB  Q1 = C1V = 20 C
3r

27  27  Q  Q2 
 UB  Us  243Us Q2   1  .C2  16 C
3  C1  C2 

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71. Answer (161) 75. Answer (2)

0 A
C K 0 A
d t t /k C1 
d
8.85  10  12  100
  1.609  10  10 F
10  5  5 / 10 3K  0 A
C2 
= 160.9 × 10–12 = 161 pF 2d
72. Answer (3)
5K  0 A
d C3 
  x   0  kx, for 0  x  3d
2
d
and   x   0  k (d – x ) for x d 1 1 1 1
2   
Ceq C1 C2 C3

1 d 2d 3d
C1 C2   
Ceq K 0 A 3K 0 A 5K 0 A

1 d  2 3
 1 
C1 = C2 Ceq K 0 A  3 5 
d /2
1 dx
C1
   0  kx  A
0 d
 d  [15  10  9]
 k  15K 0 A
1 1  0 2 Ak
  ln    C1 
C1 Ak  0   kd 
ln  1 
 20  15K 0 A
Ceq 
C Ak 34d
 C 1
2  2  + kd 
2ln  0  76. Answer (4)
 20 
73. Answer (4) C2 (V1  V2 )
Potential across capacitor, C1 
We know (C1  C2 )
 1
qb  qf  1  
 k  C2 C1
V2 –V1
74. Answer (1)
Qtotal = 3C × V
C C2 (V1  V2 )
K Field in the region of C1 
(C1  C2 )(d  t )

Tcos = mg

Tsin = qE

qE qE
2C tan  
3CV mg
 Vf  mg
 2C  KC 
3 qC2 (V1  V2 )
 V tan  
K 2 (C1  C2 )(d  t )mg

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77. Answer (1) 80. Answer (2)
Charge resides on the outer surface of metal Charge on C1, q1 = C1V = 2V C
surface.
Charge on C2 and C3 are same
+ +
 q2 = q3 = CeqV
= 4VC
+ +  q1 : q2 : q3 = 1 : 2 : 2
81. Answer (4)


Field inside the dielectric 
k 0

According to the given information,

For 0  r  R, E=0 
 3.6  107
k 0
Q
E for R  r  a
40 r 2
Q
E = 0 for a < r < b A  3.6  107

k 0
Q
E for b < r
40 r 2  k = 2.33
78. Answer (1) 82. Answer (6)

 Q Q  3  8  8
V   
40 a 4 a2  s 2  Ceq 
 0  3  8  8
 Q Q 
  24  8
40 a 4 a2  s 2  =
 0  32
Q 1 1  = 6 F
 a  2
20 2
 s a  83. Answer (1)
79. Answer (4)
0 A  A 2 A
Equivalent capacitor circuit is Ceq   0  0
d d d d
d 
C1 C2 2 2k 2

0 A
If C 
d

Cnew 2
 Ceq  2C or C 
C old 1
K10 A
C1 
d 84. Answer (198)
K 2 0 A Let the charge on one drop is q and its radius is r.
C2 
d
 A kq
C 0 So for one drop V 
2d r
K1K 2 0 A  A For 27 drops merged new charge will be Q = 27q
Ceq   0
(K1  K 2 )d 2d and new radius is R = 3r

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 So new potential is Let the charge q is flown in the circuit.
So using Kirchoff’s law
kQ kq
V'  9  9  22 V
R r
= 198 V q 150  q

10 5
85. Answer (1)

C1V q = 100 C
Vcommon 
C1  C2
89. Answer (1)
 Charge on capacitor C2
= C2 Vcommon 1
U  kC0 V 2
2
C1C2V

C1  C2 U
  1.5
 Option (1) U
86. Answer (125)
 Energy increases by 50%
1 1 2
Electrical energy lost =  CV  90. Answer (4)
22 

1 1  dV ˆ
  50  10 –12  100 
2
= E i
2 2 dx

500 
= nJ E  6 xiˆ
4
= 125 nJ 
So, E at (1, 0, 3) is
87. Answer (23)
The circuit is equivalent to 3 capacitors in parallel as 
E  6iˆ V m
shown

91. Answer (1)

Q = CV

As capacitance is constant Q  V

Qf 5
and Vf    2.5  106 V
C 2  10 6
0 A  1 1  23 0 A
Ceq  1    
b  3 5  15 b So correct graph will be (1)

 x = 23 92. Answer (1)

88. Answer (100)
Equivalent C = Ci

= 10 F

 Charge Q = CV

= 200 C

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93. Answer (60) 96. Answer (1)
 
Since Enet  0 in the bulk of a conductor

 Potential would be constant.

 Statement I is correct.

Since a conductor’s surface is equipotential, E just
outside is perpendicular to the surface.
97. Answer (3)
C1 3  t2 3
 
C2 t1  4 2

q q
 v1,  v2
C1 C2

v1 C2 2
 
v2 C1 3 q1  q2
E
20 A
94. Answer (240)
(q1  q2 )d
v
d1 = 4 × 10 –3
20 A

A1 = 8 × 4 × 10–4 m 2 q1  q2

2C
V = 20 V
98. Answer (1)
d2 = 4 × 10–3, Initially = C0 = 40R1

A2 = 4 × 1 × 10–4 m 2 40 R1R2

finally  nC0  40 nR1
R2  R1
( A1  5 A2  A2 )0 3(16)  104
Ceq   0 R2
d 4  10 3 n
R2  R1

1 3 4  R1 1
 CeqV 2    (400)0  2400 1 
2 2  10  R2 n

95. Answer (1) R1 n  1


R2 n
0 A
C0 
d R2 n

R1 n  1
0 A 40 AK 99. Answer (2)
C 
3d 3d 3d  Kd
d  After connection
4 4K
1R1 = 2R2
4KC0
 
3K Now E  
0

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 E1 1 R2 104. Answer (1)
 E  
2
2 R1 
E between two plates is and due to one plate is
0
2 

1 20 so the force will be halved
100. Answer (1) So new force F = 5 N
105. Answer (6)

40K  40
 24
40K  40
40K = 24 (K + 1)
40K = 24K + 24
16K = 24

24 3
K    1.5
16 2 18CV  54CV
Vcommon  6V
101. Answer (1) 3C  9C
106. Answer (1)
120
Ceq  F
26 Let initially the charge is q so

13  120 1 q2
 Qflown or Q  C = 60 C  Ui
26 2 C
 Charge on 15 F capacitor = 60 C 1 (q  2)2
And  Uf
As all the capacitors are in series. 2 C
102. Answer (3)
Uf  Ui
Equivalent circuit is Given  100  44
Ui

(q  2)2  q 2
 0.44
q

 q = 10C
0 A 107. Answer (C)
Now  4 F
d
1
E1  (2C )V 2
12 0 A 2
  6 F
8 d  E1 = CV2 …(i)
103. Answer (2)
1 1 (CV )2
q = 64q … (i) E2  (5C )V 2 
2 2 5C
A = 16 A … (ii)
13
Dividing (i) & (ii),  CV 2
5
 = 4
E1 5
 4  
  E2 13
 1

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