FINAL

EXAM
REVIEW
UNIT A
 WHAT IS PS YCHOLOGY ?
WHY DO W E NEED P S YC HOLOGY AND
THE RAPY?
WHAT IS STRUCTURALISM AND WHO
IS ASSOCIATED WITH IT ?
WHAT IS FUNCTIONALISM AND WHO
IS ASSOCIATED WITH IT ?
WHAT IS DARWINISM?
DESC RIBE THE PSYC HODYN AMI C
AP PROAC H.
WHO IS A SSOCIATED WI TH IT ?
 WHAT ARE SOME P ROS TO
PS YCHOA NALYSIS AN D T HE
PS YCHODYNAM IC A PPROACH?
 WHAT ARE SOME C ONS TO
PS YCHOA NALYSIS AN D T HE
PS YCHODYNAM IC A PPROACH?
 WHAT ARE THE STAGES OF
PS YCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT?
 DESCRIBE THE
BEHAVIORAL APPROACH.
W H AT K I N D O F
CONDITIONING
D I D PAV L O V ' S
EXPERIMENT
S H OW ?
W H AT K I N D O F
CONDITIONING
DID SKINNER'S
EXPERIMENT
S H OW ?
DESCRIBE THE COGNITIVE
APPROACH.
 WHAT IS THE COGNITIVE
BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT)
MODEL?
 DES CRIBE
THE
HUMANISTIC
APPROACH.
 MATCH EACH T YPICAL THERAPIST
QUOTE TO ITS APPROACH.
1. “Tell me about your
relationship with your
mother”
A. Cognitive

2. “I can train you to do B. Humanistic

anything, to become anything”

C. Psychodynamic
3. “Change your thoughts and
you can change your life”
D. Behavioral

4. “And how does that makes

you feel”
WHAT DO ID, EGO, AND SUPEREGO
MEAN?
WHAT A RE EXA MPL ES SPLI TT ING OF T HE
EGO?
WHAT ARE EX AM PLES OF
INTE LLECTUA LI ZAT ION?
WHAT ARE EX AM PLES OF P ROJE CTI ON ?
WHAT ARE EX AM PLES OF DEN IA L?
WHAT IS DIVERSIT Y?
 WHY IS DIVERSIT Y IN
ORGANIZATIONS IMPORTANT?
WHAT IS EQUIT Y?
WHAT IS INCLUSION?
WHAT IS CODE SWITCHING?
WHAT IS PARALLEL -CONSTRAINT-
SATISFACTION THEORY?
UNIT B
WHAT DOES EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
MEAN?
WHAT ARE T HE ST EPS OF T HE
SCIEN T IFIC MET HOD?
WHAT IS A T HEORY?
WHAT IS AN OPERATIONA L DEFI NI TION ?
WHAT ARE T HE 2 T YPES OF VARI ABLES IN
EXP ERIM ENTAL RESEARCH? EXP LAIN
EACH
WHAT ARE T HE COM PONEN T S OF
CRE DI BLE RESEARCH? NAM E AS M AN Y A S
YOU C AN
WHAT IS LONGIT UDINAL RES EARCH?
WHAT IS A GE NOT YPE? WHAT IS A
PHEN OT YP E?
WHAT ARE T HE THREE DOM AIN S OF
DEVELOPM ENT? DESCRI BE E AC H
DESC RIBE THE REDWOOD M ODEL OF
DEVELOPM ENT. HOW IS IT DIF FERE NT
THA N T HE BUTT ERFLY MODE L?
DESC RIBE THE PROCE SS OF P RUNI NG
WHAT IS THE PRE FRONTA L C ORTEX ?
WHAT DOES I T DO?
W H AT A R E T H E AT TAC H M E NT S T Y L E S ? W H AT
S C I E N T I S T S A R E A S S O C I AT E D W I T H
AT TAC H M E NT ?
NA ME ALL 4 PAREN TIN G S T YLE S.
DESC RIBE EACH
WHAT ARE S CHEM AS? W HAT
PS YCHOLOGI ST IS ASSOC IAT ED WIT H
THE M?
IN WHAT S TAGE DO IN FA NT S DEVELOP
OBJEC T P ERMA NEN C E?
AROUND WHAT AGE DOES THE BRA IN
REACH F ULL MATURIT Y?
WHAT ARE T HE STAGES OF
DEAT H/ GRIEF ? WHAT PS YCHOLOGI ST IS
ASSOC IAT ED WIT H THEM ?
WHAT TRIGGE RS A POSITI VE
PREGNANCY TE ST?
WHAT IS A T ERATOGEN ? P ROVIDE SOME
EXA MP LES
WHAT DOES T HE L IMBI C SYS TEM DO?
DOE S IT MATURE BEFORE OR AFT ER THE
PREF RONTAL C ORTEX
UNIT C
WHAT ARE T HE FAC TORS OF
MULTIDIM ENS IONAL MODELS?
WHAT IS THE BIOPS YC HOSOC IA L MODEL?
WHAT IS THE DSM -5?
WHAT ARE S OME C RITI CISMS OF T HE
DSM -5 ?
WHAT ARE T HE SYST EMS OF AN XIET Y
AN D PANIC A LARM S?
WHAT IS THE S YMPAT HETI C N ERVOUS
SYST EM? WHAT T WO C HEMI CALS A RE
RELEA SE D ? WHAT A RE SOM E S YM PTOMS ?
WHAT IS THE PARA SYM PAT HE TIC
N ERVOUS S YS TEM ? WHAT ARE SOME
SY MPTOM S?
WHAT IS GEN ERALIZ ED A NXI ET Y? W HAT
ARE SOME S YM PTOMS?
WHAT IS SOC IAL AN XI ET Y?
WHAT SOCI AL/E NVIRON M ENTA L
FAC TORS M AKE SOME PEOPLE MORE
PRONE TO A NXI ET Y?
WHAT THE P HA RMAC EUTIC AL
TRE ATM ENT S FOR MOOD
DISORDERS(DE PRESSION AN D BIPOLAR) ?
WHAT ARE EVI DEN CE BA SED THERA PIES ?
WHAT IS THE SCIE NT IS T-PRAC TIT IONER
MODEL?
WHAT ARE T HE 5 PRINCIP LES OF T HE
APA ETHI CAL CODE ?
WHAT ARE K EY F EAT URE S OF PS YCHOT IC
DISORDERS
WHAT ARE EX AM PLES OF P OS IT IVE AND
N EGATI VE SC HIZOPHREN IC S YMP TOMS ?
WHAT ARE C OM MON F EAT URE S OF
PARA NOIA ?
WHAT IS CATATON IA?
WHAT CAUSES HA LLUC INAT ION S?
WHAT IS BRIEF P SYC HOTI C DI SORDER?
WHAT IS SCHIZ OAFF ECT IVE DISORDER?
WHAT IS NA RCI SSIS TIC PERSONALI T Y
DISORDER?
WHAT IS ANTI SOCI AL P ERSONA LIT Y
DISORDER?
WHAT IS BORDE RLIN E PERSONALI T Y
DISORDER?
WHAT ARE T HE T WO T YPE S OF
DEPRESSI VE DI SORDERS? HOW C AN YOU
DIFF ERENTIATE BET WEEN EACH?
WHAT ARE T HE T YPE S OF BIPOLA R
DISORDERS A ND WHAT CA N YOU
DIFF ERENTIATE BET WEEN THEM ?
WHAT DOES THE PHRASE “WHAT
GOES UP MUST COME DOWN” MEAN?
HOW DOES GENETICS FACTOR INTO
THESE MOOD DISORDERS?
WHAT IS AN EX AMP LE OF A
PHA RMACEUT ICA L TREATME NT FOR
MOOD DISORDERS?
WHAT IS INTE GRATI VE PS YCHOT HERAP Y?
HOW DO YOU CON CEPT UALI ZE A CA SE?
WHAT IS THE C OGNIT IVE MODE L?
WHAT ARE P IAGET’ S SC HEMA S?
WHAT IS THE A BC M ODEL? W HAT IS AN
EXA MP LE?
WHAT IS BEC K’ S MODE L OF DEPRES SI ON ?
WHAT ARE EX AM PLES OF C OGNI TIVE
DIS TORTION S?
WHAT IS COGN IT IVE BEHAVI ORA L
THE RAPY ( CBT )?
WHAT IS THE DIAT HESI S S TRE SS M ODEL?
WHAT IS THE JA MES-LA NGE THEORY?
WHAT IS THE C ANNON -BA RD THEORY?
WHAT IS THE RELATIONA L FRA MEWORK
THE ORY?
WHAT IS EF T, AND W HO CREATED IT ?
UNIT D
Classical Conditioning
What are the 5 necessary
components to classical
conditioning?
Define each of the components
in classical conditioning
What are 2 prominent examples of
classical conditioning experiments?
What is the general idea of them?
 What are the 3 classical
conditioning stage? What do
they consist of?
What is generalization and
discrimination?
Who created behaviorism?
Who created the “Little
Albert” Experiment?
Operant Conditioning
What type of learning is
operant conditioning?
What are 2 prominent examples
of operant conditioning
experiments?
 What does reinforcement and
punishment do in terms of frequency
of behavior?
Think of examples for:
Positive Reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
Positive Punishment
Negative Punishment
Think of examples for:
Fixed-Ratio
Fixed-Interval
Variable-Ratio
Variable-Interval
Who is strongly associated
with operant conditioning?
 Acceptance and
Commitment Therapy
(ACT)
 What is ACT’s overall
concept? Who created it?
In its simplest form, how does
ACT differ from CBT?
Describe the 6 components of the
ACT Hexaflex? What can a good
balance of them lead to?
What is the Relational
Framework Theory?
What is the action in ACT
guided by?
Dialectical Behavior
Therapy (DBT)
Who created DBT? What was
it initially created to treat?
How does DBT relate to
CBT?
What is the core theory
behind DBT?
What are the 4 modules of
DBT?
What is the goal of the
mindfulness module?
What are the 3 basic components of
interpersonal effectiveness training?
What are the components of
Urge Surfing?
What do distress tolerance
skills focus on?
What is Radical Acceptance?
What module is it part of?
What do emotion regulation
skills consist of?
 Client
Centered/Humanistic
Therapy
Who Created Client
Centered Therapy?
What is the main idea behind
Client Centered Therapy?
What did Carl Rogers believe
were the two drivers of
Therapeutic change?
 How do you define
Unconditional Positive
Regard?
What does Carl rogers mean
by having a empathic
presence?
 What is the relationship
between client and the
therapist that is based on
trust, openness, and
understanding?
If a therapist says to a client "I
know you are doing the best
you can with what you have"
what would that be an
example of?
Positive Psychology
Who are known as the giants
in Positive Psychology?
What key psychology term did
they discover when
conducting an experiment
that consisted of shocking a
dog?
How would you describe the
field of Positive Psychology?
How would you define
Human Florishing?
What is the Hedonic
Treadmill?
What is the Negativity Bias?
How would we see Negativity
Bias in modern day?
 How do you define
Eudaimonia? Can you name
some examples?
 How do you define
Eudaimonia? Can you name
some examples?
 How would you describe
Barbara Fredrickson's
Broaden-and-Build Theory of
positive emotion?
 Positive emotions are
described as having a
generative effect, what does
this mean?
There was a ratio described in
class that can offset the
negativity bias, can you call
the name and also the ratio?
Stress and Trauma
What is the definition of
stress?
What is positive reappraisal?
What is Hans Selye's General
Adaptation Syndrome
What are the Long-term
effects of stress?
How would you define
Trauma?
What is PTSD, and what are
the 5 Criterions?
What is your sense of self?
True/false: People with PTSD
engage in more risk-taking
behavior
What are the 3 aims talked
about in class for Trauma
therapy?
What is considered the
"cornerstone" of PTSD
recovery?
UNIT E
MEANING
AND
PURPOSE
DEFIN E EXI ST ENT IAL P SYC HOTHERA PY

WHAT ARE THE FOUR ULTIMATE CONCERNS?

DEFIN E PURPOS E
WHAT ARE T HE DIMEN SIONS OF
ME ANING?
WHO IS VI K TOR F RAN KL?

WHAT GIVES MEANING TO LIFE?

 SOCIAL
P S YC H O LO GY
DEFINE SOC IAL PS YCHOLOGY
WHAT ARE BLUE ZONE S?
CONDI TIONIN G SOC IAL LEA RNI NG
WHAT IS THE SOC IA L LEARN IN G
THE ORY?

THEORIST

EXPERIMENT
WHAT IS THE BYSTANDER EFF ECT ?
DEFIN E SOC IAL COGN IT ION
WHAT IS THE M ERE EX POSURE EF FEC T?
DEFIN E ST EREOT Y PES

WHAT IS THE STEREOTYPE THREAT STUDY?

NAME THE THEORIST

DESC RIBE KE NNET H AN D MA MIE
CL ARK'S DOL L S TUDY
DEFIN E CONFORMI T Y

DESCRIBE ASCH'S CONFORMITY EXPERIMENT

TWO FACTORS

RELATION TO BRAIN
DEFIN E OBEDI EN CE

DESCRIBE THE MILGRIM EXPERIMENT

DESCRIBE THE STANFORD PRISON EXPERIMENT

WHAT IS SOC IAL IDENTI T Y?

DESCRIBE THE SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY

WHAT IS THE F UNDAM EN TAL
AT TRIBUT ION ERROR?
DEFIN E COGN ITI VE DISSONA NC E

RELATED STUDY AND THEORIST

PERSONALI T Y
DEFINE TRA IT THEORIES
GORDON W. A LLPORT

WHAT IDEAS DID ALLPORT CONTRIBUTE TO THE TRAIT

THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
DESC RIBE THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF
PERSONALI T Y
DESC RIBE THE HE XACO MODEL OF
PERSONALI T Y
 ME MORY
AND
SCIENC E OF
LEA RNI NG
S CIEN C E OF LEA RNI NG S TRATEGIES
SLEEP AN D STATE
CON SC IOUSN ES S
DEFIN E SL EEP
RHY T HMS
DEFINE BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS

DEFINE CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS

WHAT IS ME LATONI N?
THE ORI ES ON THE NEED FOR SL EEP
CHRONIC S LEEP DEPRI VATION

WHAT ARE SOME EFFECTS?

STAGES OF WA KEF ULNE SS A ND SLEEP
MORE...
WHAT TOOL HELPS TO IDENTIFY THE STAGES?

HOW DO THE STAGES MAKE UP A NORMAL CYCLE? HOW LONG

ARE THE CYCLES?
N EUROT RAN SM IT TERS I NVOLVED IN
S LEEP AND THE BRA IN
DEFIN E THE AC TI VAT ION-
SY NT HESI S T HEORY
DEFINE ME TACOGNITI ON
DEFIN E THE THEORY OF M IN D
DEFIN E EXE CUTI VE FUN CTI ON

WHAT ARE CONTROLLED PROCESSES?

WHAT ARE AUTOMATIC PROCESSES?

UNIT F
What is sensation? What is
perception?
What is bottom-up processing?
What is top-down processing?
What is the absolute
threshold?
What is perceptual constancy?
What are the 2 subcategories
of grouping principles?
What are some characteristics
of fast thinking (System 1
thinking)?
What are some characteristics
of slow thinking (System 2
thinking)?
L I S T A N D D E SC R I B E S O M E C H A R AC T E RI S T I C S
O F T H E NE RVO U S S YS T E M
AF FEREN T VS EF FERE NT N ERVES
CN S VS P NS
S NS VS A NS
DESC RIBE THE PROCE SS OF A
NEURAL IMP ULSE
EXP LAIN THE S TEP S OF A SY NAPT IC
TRA NS MI SSION

WHAT DOES A SYNPATIC TRANSMISSION RELEASE?

DESCRIBE THE PARTS OF A NEURON INVOLVED

WHAT CHARGES ARE PRESENT IN
THE MEM BRANE OF A RES TI NG AXON ?

WHAT ABOUT OUTSIDE OF THE MEMBRANE?

 GOOD
LUCK ON Please use Safe Walk!
THE FINAL!