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Biology Now 2nd Edition Houtman Test Bank
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Chapter 08: Chromosomes and Human Genetics
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Two copies of the same gene on a single chromosome would indicate a(n) ________ had occurred.
a. deletion c. inversion
b. duplication d. translocation
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.3 Diagram a chromosome, identifying genes, alleles, and loci.
MSC: Understanding
2. Which of the following would explain two chromosomes in an individual cell that contain some, but
not all, of the same genes at the same loci?
a. Both of the chromosomes are paternal.
b. Both of the chromosomes are maternal.
c. The chromosomes are from a common ancestor.
d. A chromosomal alteration has occurred.
ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.3 Diagram a chromosome, identifying genes, alleles, and loci.
MSC: Analyzing
3. A ________ is a chart that shows genetic relationships within a family over several generations.
a. karyotype c. Punnett square
b. pedigree d. single-gene disorder map
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.1 Interpret a human pedigree to determine whether a given condition is recessive, dominant,
or sex-linked. MSC: Remembering
5. A karyotype shows a chromosomal abnormality that does not change the length of any of the
chromosomes. Which abnormality is indicated?
a. inversion c. translocation
b. deletion d. duplication
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.2 Review a human karyotype to identify the sex chromosomes and any abnormalities in
chromosome number. MSC: Understanding
6. On chromosomes within an individual, there are ________ alleles for a given gene found on ________
chromosomes.
a. two; homologous c. four; paternal
b. four; maternal d. two; Y
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.3 Diagram a chromosome, identifying genes, alleles, and loci.
MSC: Understanding
10. Which of the following must be true for a woman who is heterozygous for a given gene?
a. She must be heterozygous for all genes.
b. All of her eggs will contain both of the alleles for that gene.
c. All of her eggs will contain one allele or the other but not both alleles.
d. She carries a rare mutation.
ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.3 Diagram a chromosome, identifying genes, alleles, and loci.
MSC: Analyzing
11. During cell division a piece of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches to the same chromosome, but
the piece is now in reverse order. How would this abnormality affect the chromosome?
a. An extra copy of the chromosome will be made to ensure normal function.
b. The inverted section will be deleted to prevent problems.
c. The chromosome will take on a circular configuration.
d. Genes in the section that was inverted could lose normal function.
ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.3 Diagram a chromosome, identifying genes, alleles, and loci.
MSC: Analyzing
12. In the pedigree shown below the individual indicated represents a(n)
a. healthy male. c. affected male.
b. healthy female. d. affected female.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.1 Interpret a human pedigree to determine whether a given condition is recessive, dominant,
or sex-linked. MSC: Understanding
13. Which of the following genetic changes would NOT be passed from parent to child?
a. a mutation in a skin cell
b. the loss of a chromosome in a sperm cell
c. the addition of a chromosome in an egg cell
d. a translocation in a gamete
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.2 Review a human karyotype to identify the sex chromosomes and any abnormalities in
chromosome number. MSC: Applying
17. A karyotype of an individual with mild mental retardation shows three copies of the X chromosome. If
this individual decides to have children, how is her chromosomal abnormality likely to affect her
offspring?
a. All of her children will inherit an extra copy of the X chromosome.
b. Any female children have a 75 percent chance of inheriting an extra copy of an X
chromosome.
c. She will be unable to produce male children.
d. Half of her eggs will contain an extra copy of the X chromosome.
ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.2 Review a human karyotype to identify the sex chromosomes and any abnormalities in
chromosome number. MSC: Applying
18. A karyotype from an adult male indicates a chromosomal abnormality, which does not affect his
health. Which of the following abnormalities is MOST likely seen?
a. three copies of the X chromosome
b. no copies of chromosome 2
c. a translocation between chromosome 14 and chromosome 15
d. a deletion on chromosome 5
ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree
OBJ: 8.2 Review a human karyotype to identify the sex chromosomes and any abnormalities in
chromosome number. MSC: Applying
21. In humans, the “master sex switch” that determines whether an embryo will become a male is the
a. X chromosome. c. SRY gene.
b. locus. d. androgen switch.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 8.3 Looking for Loci
OBJ: 8.4 Explain how sex is genetically determined in humans, and how sex determination relates to
the inheritance of sex-linked traits. MSC: Remembering
22. Which of the following genotypes represents a human male?
a. XY c. XX
b. YY d. XO
ANS: A DIF: Easy
REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree | 8.3 Looking for Loci | 8.4 X Marks the Spot
OBJ: 8.4 Explain how sex is genetically determined in humans, and how sex determination relates to
the inheritance of sex-linked traits. MSC: Remembering
23. The gene for a certain sex-linked trait is found only on the Y chromosome. If the male parent has this
gene, the trait will be expressed in
a. 100 percent of the female offspring.
b. 50 percent of the female offspring.
c. 100 percent of the male offspring.
d. 50 percent of the male offspring.
ANS: C DIF: Moderate
REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree | 8.3 Looking for Loci | 8.4 X Marks the Spot
OBJ: 8.4 Explain how sex is genetically determined in humans, and how sex determination relates to
the inheritance of sex-linked traits. MSC: Applying
25. Because an individual with an XX genotype is a female, is an individual with an XO (no second sex
chromosome) a male?
a. No, because the X always overrides the Y and makes that embryo female.
b. No, because the Y chromosome contains the gene that makes an embryo male.
c. Yes, because if there is only one X, the embryo cannot become female.
d. Yes, because all embryos start off as males.
ANS: B DIF: Difficult REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree | 8.3 Looking for Loci
OBJ: 8.4 Explain how sex is genetically determined in humans, and how sex determination relates to
the inheritance of sex-linked traits. MSC: Analyzing
26. A person is genetically XX and develops as a male. How can this be explained?
a. In humans, males are XX.
b. An error in karyotyping this individual must have occurred, because XX individuals
cannot develop into males.
c. A piece of a Y chromosome has become attached to one of the X chromosomes.
d. The SRY gene was deleted in this individual.
ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: 8.2 Painful Pedigree | 8.3 Looking for Loci
OBJ: 8.4 Explain how sex is genetically determined in humans, and how sex determination relates to
the inheritance of sex-linked traits. MSC: Analyzing
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Poika myönsi.
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"Missä asuit?"
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