100 Citizenship Test Questions

and Answers to Know in 2023

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100 Citizenship Test Questions and

Answers to Know in 2023

Session A: Principles Of American Democracy

PART 1
Session B: System Of Government
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
Session C: Rights And Responsibilities

Session A: Colonial Period And Independences

PART 2
Session B: 1800s
AMERICAN HISTORY
Session C: Recent American History And Other
Important Historical Information

Session A: Geography
PART 3
Session B: Symbols
INTEGRATED CIVICS
Session C: Holidays
 PART 1
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT

SESSION A:
PRINCIPLES OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY

From Question 1 To Question 12

1. What is the supreme law of the land?

Correct Answer:
● The Constitution

Additional details: The U.S. Constitution was written in 1787. It establishes the
framework for the federal government and outlines the powers and limitations of
its branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial. The Constitution also includes
a Bill of Rights, which consists of the first ten amendments. These amendments
protect fundamental rights and freedoms, such as the freedom of speech and
religion, the right to bear arms, and the right to a fair trial.
2. What does the Constitution do?
Correct Answer:
● sets up the government
● defines the government
● protects basic rights of Americans

3. The idea of self-government is in the

first three words of the Constitution. What
are these words?
Correct Answer:
● We the People

Additional details: These words reiterate the fact that the U.S. government is
structured in such a way that the government is ruled by the people.
4. What is an amendment?
Correct Answers:
● a change (to the Constitution) or;
● an addition (to the Constitution)

Additional details: The U.S. Constitution can be changed or added to. In fact, did
you know it has been amended 27 times?

5. What do we call the first ten

amendments to the Constitution?
Correct Answer:
● the Bill of Rights

Additional details: The Bill of Rights outlines certain fundamental rights and
protections for American citizens, such as freedom of speech, religion, and the
press, the right to bear arms, the right to a fair trial, and protection against
unreasonable searches and seizures.
6. What is one right or freedom from
the First Amendment?*
Correct Answer:
● speech
● religion
● assembly
● press
● petition the government
Additional details: The First Amendment states, “Congress shall make no law
respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or
abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of
grievances.”

7. How many amendments does the

Constitution have?
Correct Answer:
● 27
8. What did the Declaration of
Independence do?
Correct Answer:
● announced our independence (from Great Britain)
● declared our independence (from Great Britain)
● said that the United States is free (from Great Britain)

9. What are two rights in the Declaration of

Independence?
Correct Answer:
● life
● liberty
● pursuit of happiness

Additional details: The Declaration of Independence states that all people have
certain “unalienable rights,” such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness and
that governments are established to protect these rights.
10. What is freedom of religion?
Correct Answer:
● You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion.

Additional details: The First Amendment gives you the right to choose or not
choose a religion and the right to change that at your discretion.

11. What is the economic system in the

United States?*
Correct Answer:
● capitalist economy
● market economy

Additional details: Also known as a free market, a capitalist economy, is one

where private individuals and businesses own and control the means of
production, distribution, and exchange of goods and services. In this type of
economy, the production of goods and services is driven by profit, and prices are
determined by supply and demand.
12. What is the “rule of law”?
Correct Answer:
● Everyone must follow the law
● Leaders must obey the law
● Government must obey the law
● No one is above the law

PART 1
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT

SESSION B:
SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT

From Question 13 To Question 47

13. Name one branch or part of the
government
Correct Answer:
● Congress
● legislative
● President Additional details: The three branches of
government are the Legislative (composed of the
● executive Congress, which consists of the Senate and the
House of Representatives), the Executive (led by
● the courts the President and includes the Vice President and
the Cabinet), and the Judicial (composed of the
● judicial Supreme Court and other federal courts).

14. What stops one branch of government

from becoming too powerful?
Correct Answer:
● checks and balances
● separation of powers
15. Who is in charge of the executive
branch?
Correct Answer:
● the President

Additional details: The legislative branch (composed of the Congress, which

consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives) is the only branch of
government that can make new laws or amend existing ones.

16. Who makes federal laws?

Correct Answer:
● Congress
● Senate and House (of Representatives)
● (U.S. or national) legislature

Additional details: The executive branch is led by the U.S. President and includes
the Vice President and the Cabinet.
17. What are the two parts of the U.S.
Congress?*
Correct Answer:
● the Senate and House (of Representatives)

18. How many U.S. Senators are there?

Correct Answer:
● one hundred (100)
19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many
years?
Correct Answer:
● 6 years

20. Who is one of your state’s U.S.

Senators now?*
Correct Answer:
● Will vary based on which state they reside in.
21. The House of Representatives has how
many voting members?
Correct Answer:
● 435

Additional details: Each of the members represents a congressional district in

one of the 50 states, as well as several non-voting members representing
territories and the District of Columbia.

22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how

many years?
Correct Answer:
● 2 years
23. Name your U.S. Representative.
Correct Answer:
● The correct answers will vary based on where they live.
[Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or
Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that
Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any
statement that the territory has no (voting)
Representatives in Congress.]

● Texas's U.S. Representative (district 9th) now: Green, Al

● California's U.S. Representative (district 9th) now: Harder, Josh
https://www.house.gov/representatives

24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

Correct Answer:
● all people of the state
25. Why do some states have more
Representatives than other states?
Correct Answer:
● (because of) the state’s population
● (because) they have more people
● (because) some states have more people

26. We elect a President for how many

years?
Correct Answer:
● 4 years

Additional details: An election happens every four years and a president is

allowed to serve for a total of 2 terms.
27. In what month do we vote for
President?*
Correct Answer:
● November

Additional details: The election takes place on the first Tuesday in November.

28. What is the name of the President of

the United States now?*
Correct Answer:
● As of March 2023, the sitting president is Joe Biden.
29. What is the name of the Vice President
of the United States now?
Correct Answer:
● As of March 2023, the current Vice President is
Kamala Harris.

30. If the President can no longer serve,

who becomes President?
Correct Answer:
● the Vice President

Additional details: If the President dies or resigns, the U.S. VP takes over office.
31. If both the President and the Vice
President can no longer serve, who
becomes President?
Correct Answer:
● the Speaker of the House

32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the

military?
Correct Answer:
● the President

Additional details: Not only is the President considered the Chief Executive, but
he/she is considered the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy.
33. Who signs bills to become laws?
Correct Answer:
● the President

Additional details: The bill must be first passed by Congress, then the President
is responsible for signing it into law.

34. Who vetoes bills?

Correct Answer:
● the President

Additional details: The President holds the authority to veto a bill (prevent it from
going into effect).
35. What does the President’s Cabinet do?
Correct Answer:
● advises the President

Additional details: The Cabinet consists of the Vice President and the heads of
15 executive departments. The heads of the departments are known as Cabinet
Secretaries.

36. What are two Cabinet-level positions?

Correct Answer:
1. Secretary of Agriculture
2. Secretary of Commerce
3. Secretary of Defense
4. Secretary of Education
5. Secretary of Energy
6. Secretary of Health and Human Services
7. Secretary of Homeland Security
8. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
9. Secretary of the Interior
10. Secretary of Labor
11. Secretary of State
12. Secretary of Transportation
13. Secretary of the Treasury
14. Secretary of Veterans Affairs
15. Attorney General
16. Vice President
37. What does the judicial branch do?
Correct Answer:
● reviews laws
● explains laws
● resolves disputes (disagreements)
● decides if a law goes against the Constitution

Additional details: The Judicial Branch is responsible for interpreting laws and
administering justice in the United States.

38. What is the highest court in the United

States?
Correct Answer:
● the Supreme Court
39. How many justices are on the Supreme
Court?
Correct Answer:
● Answers may vary depending on when the question is
being asked. As of March 2023, there are nine
justices.

https://www.uscis.gov/citizenship/

40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United

States now?
Correct Answer:
● Answers may vary depending on when the question is
being asked. As of March 2023, the Chief Justice of
the United States is John G. Roberts.

https://www.uscis.gov/citizenship/
41. Under our Constitution, some powers
belong to the federal government. What is
one power of the federal government?
Correct Answer:
● to print money
● to declare war
● to create an army
● to make treaties

42. Under our Constitution, some powers

belong to the states. What is one power of
the states?
Correct Answer:
● provide schooling and education
● provide protection (police)
● provide safety (fire departments)
● give a driver’s license
● approve zoning and land use
43. Who is the Governor of your state
now?
Correct Answer:
● Answers may vary depending on where you live.
● The Governor of Texas now: Gregory Wayne Abbott
● The Governor of California now: Gavin Christopher Newsom

https://www.usa.gov/state-governments

44. What is the capital of your state?*

Correct Answer:
● Answers may vary depending on where you live.

● The capital of Texas now: Austin

● The capital of California now: Sacramento
45. What are the two major political parties
in the United States?*
Correct Answer:
● Democratic and Republican

46. What is the political party of the

President now?
Correct Answer:
● Answers may vary depending on when the question is
asked but as of March 2023, Biden’s political party is
Democrat.
47. What is the name of the Speaker of the
House of Representatives now?
Correct Answer:
● Answers may vary depending on when the question is
asked but as of March 2023, the Speaker of the House
of Representatives is Kevin McCarthy.

PART 1
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT

SESSION C:
RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

From Question 48 To Question 57

48. There are four amendments to the
Constitution about who can vote. Describe
one of them.
Correct Answer:
● Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).
● You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.
● Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)
● A male citizen of any race (can vote).

49. What is one responsibility that is only

for United States citizens?*
Correct Answer:
● serve on a jury
● vote in a federal election
50. Name one right only for United States
citizens.
Correct Answer:
● vote in a federal election
● run for federal office

51. What are two rights of everyone living

in the United States?
Correct Answer:
● freedom of expression
● freedom of speech
● freedom of assembly
● freedom to petition the government
● freedom of religion
● the right to bear arms
52. What do we show loyalty to when we
say the Pledge of Allegiance?
Correct Answer:
● the United States
● the flag

Additional details: The Pledge of Allegiance is a symbol of American identity and

values and is a reminder of the responsibilities and duties that come with being a
citizen of the United States.

53. What is one promise you make when

you become a United States citizen?
Correct Answer:
● give up loyalty to other countries
● defend the Constitution and laws of the United States
● obey the laws of the United States
● serve in the U.S. military (if needed)
● serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed)
● be loyal to the United States
54. How old do citizens have to be to vote
for President?*
Correct Answer:
● 18 and older

55. What are two ways that Americans can

participate in their democracy?
Correct Answer:
● vote
● join a political party
● help with a campaign
● join a civic group
● join a community group
● give an elected official your opinion on an issue
● call Senators and Representatives
● publicly support or oppose an issue or policy
● run for office
● write to a newspaper
56. When is the last day you can send in
federal income tax forms?*
Correct Answer:
● April 15

57. When must all men register for the

Selective Service?
Correct Answer:
● at age eighteen (18)
● between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26)
 PART 2
AMERICAN HISTORY

SESSION A:
COLONIAL PERIOD AND INDEPENDENCES

From Question 58 To Question 70

58. What is one reason colonists came to

America?
Correct Answer:
● freedom
● political liberty
● religious freedom
● economic opportunity
● practice their religion
● escape persecution
Additional details: There were many reasons colonists migrated to America ranging
from political freedom and escaping persecution to the vast opportunities financially.
59. Who lived in America before the
Europeans arrived?
Correct Answer:
● American Indians
● Native Americans

Additional details: Prior to the Europeans setting in America, Native American

tribes were found throughout the continent.

60. What group of people was taken to

America and sold as slaves?
Correct Answer:
● Africans
● people from Africa
61. Why did the colonists fight the British?
Correct Answer:
● because of high taxes (taxation without representation)
● because the British army stayed in their houses
(boarding, quartering)
● because they didn’t have self-government

Additional details: The American Revolutionary War (1775-1783) resulted in the

independence of the United States from British rule.

62. Who wrote the Declaration of

Independence?
Correct Answer:
● (Thomas) Jefferson

Additional details: The Declaration of Independence, which announced the

separation of the thirteen British North American colonies from Great Britain, was
drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by Congress on July 4, 1776.
63. When was the Declaration of
Independence adopted?
Correct Answer:
● July 4, 1776

64. There were 13 original states. Name

three.
Correct Answer:
1. New Hampshire 8. Delaware
2. Massachusetts 9. Maryland
3. Rhode Island 10. Virginia
4. Connecticut 11. North Carolina
5. New York 12. South Carolina
6. New Jersey 13. Georgia
7. Pennsylvania
65. What happened at the Constitutional
Convention?
Correct Answer:
● The Constitution was written.
● The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution

Additional details: The purpose of the Constitutional Convention was to redesign

the system of government. The convention was from May 14-September 17, 1787.

66. When was the Constitution written?

Correct Answer:
● 1787

Additional details: It was written during the Constitutional Convention.

67. The Federalist Papers supported the
passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name
one of the writers.
Correct Answer:
● (James) Madison
● (Alexander) Hamilton
● (John) Jay
● Publius

Additional details: The Federalist Papers are a collection of 85 essays to support

the ratification of the United States Constitution.

68. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is

famous for?
Correct Answer:
● U.S. diplomat
● oldest member of the Constitutional Convention
● first Postmaster General of the United States
● writer of “Poor Richard’s Almanac”
● started the first free libraries

Additional details: The Federalist Papers are a collection of 85 essays to support

the ratification of the United States Constitution.
69. Who is the “Father of Our Country”?
Correct Answer:
● (George) Washington

Additional details: Not only was he the first president but he also commanded
the army during the American Revolution and was also a leader during the
Constitutional Convention.

70. Who was the first President?*

Correct Answer:
● (George) Washington

Additional details: Washington held office from 1789-1797.

 PART 2
AMERICAN HISTORY

SESSION B:
1800s

From Question 71 To Question 77

71. What territory did the United States buy

from France in 1803?
Correct Answer:
● the Louisiana Territory
● Louisiana

Additional details: The U.S. paid $15 million to France for the territory.
72. Name one war fought by the United
States in the 1800s.
Correct Answer:
● War of 1812
● Mexican-American War
● Civil War
● Spanish-American War

73. Name the U.S. war between the North

and the South.
Correct Answer:
● the Civil War
● the War between the States

Additional details: The Civil War lasted from 1861-1865 and was between the
Confederate States of America and the Union Army.
74. Name one problem that led to the Civil
War
Correct Answer:
● slavery
● economic reasons
● states’ rights

75. What was one important thing that

Abraham Lincoln did?*
Correct Answer:
● freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)
● saved (or preserved) the Union
● led the United States during the Civil War
76. What did the Emancipation
Proclamation do?
Correct Answer:
● freed the slaves
● freed slaves in the Confederacy
● freed slaves in the Confederate states
● freed slaves in most Southern states

Additional details: The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President

Lincoln and went into effect in 1863.

77. What did Susan B. Anthony do?

Correct Answer:
● fought for women’s rights
● fought for civil rights

Additional details: Susan B. Anthony played a pivotal role in the women’s

suffrage movement in the United States.
 PART 2
AMERICAN HISTORY
SESSION C:
RECENT AMERICAN HISTORY AND OTHER
IMPORTANT HISTORICAL INFORMATION

From Question 78 To Question 87

78. Name one war fought by the United

States in the 1900s.*
Correct Answer:
● World War I
● World War II
● Korean War
● Vietnam War
● (Persian) Gulf War
79. Who was President during World War I?
Correct Answer:
● (Woodrow) Wilson

Additional details: Wilson was president from 1913-1921.

80. Who was President during the Great

Depression and World War II?
Correct Answer:
● (Franklin) Roosevelt

Additional details: Roosevelt was president from 1933-1945.

81. Who did the United States fight in World
War II?
Correct Answer:
● Japan, Germany, and Italy

82. Before he was President, Eisenhower

was a general. What war was he in?
Correct Answer:
● World War II

Additional details: Eisenhower was the 34th president.

83. During the Cold War, what was the main
concern of the United States?
Correct Answer:
● Communism

Additional details: This war was between the Soviet Union and the U.S.

84. What movement tried to end racial

discrimination?
Correct Answer:
● civil rights (movement)
85. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?*
Correct Answer:
● fought for civil rights
● worked for equality for all Americans

Additional details: Martin Luther King, Jr. was known for his leadership in the
American civil rights movement and an advocate for racial equality with the goal of
ending segregation and discrimination.

86. What major event happened on

September 11, 2001, in the United States?
Correct Answer:
● Terrorists attacked the United States.

Additional details: The 9/11 attack was carried out by a Muslim extremist group in
New York City.
87. Name one American Indian tribe in the
United States.
Correct Answer:
1. Cherokee 9. Creek 17. Oneida
2. Navajo 10. Blackfeet 18. Lakota
3. Sioux 11. Seminole 19. Crow
4. Chippewa 12. Cheyenne 20. Teton
5. Choctaw 13. Arawak 21. Hopi
6. Pueblo 14. Shawnee 22. Inuit
7. Apache 15. Mohegan
8. Iroquois 16. Huron

PART 3
INTEGRATED CIVICS

SESSION A:
GEOGRAPHY

From Question 88 To Question 95

88. Name one of the two longest rivers in
the United States.
Correct Answer:
● Missouri (River)
● Mississippi (River)

89. What ocean is on the West Coast of the

United States?
Correct Answer:
● Pacific (Ocean)
90. What ocean is on the East Coast of the
United States?
Correct Answer:
● Atlantic (Ocean)

91. Name one U.S. territory.

Correct Answer:
1. Puerto Rico
2. U.S. Virgin Islands
3. American Samoa
4. Northern Mariana Islands
5. Guam
92. Name one state that borders Canada.
Correct Answer:
1. Maine 8. Minnesota
2. New Hampshire 9. North Dakota
3. Vermont 10. Montana
4. New York 11. Idaho
5. Pennsylvania 12. Washington
6. Ohio 13. Alaska
7. Michigan

93. Name one state that borders Mexico.

Correct Answer:
1. California
2. Arizona
3. New Mexico
4. Texas
94. What is the capital of the United
States?*
Correct Answer:
● Washington, D.C.

95. Where is the Statue of Liberty?*

Correct Answer:
● New York (Harbor)
● Liberty Island

[Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and
on the Hudson (River).]

Additional details: The Statue was a gift to the U.S. from France. It symbolizes
justice and freedom.
 PART 3
INTEGRATED CIVICS

SESSION B:
SYMBOLS

From Question 96 To Question 98

96. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?

Correct Answer:
● because there were 13 original colonies
● because the stripes represent the original colonies
97. Why does the flag have 50 stars?*
Correct Answer:
● because there is one star for each state
● because each star represents a state
● because there are 50 states

98. What is the name of the national

anthem?
Correct Answer:
● The Star-Spangled Banner
 PART 3
INTEGRATED CIVICS

SESSION C:
HOLIDAYS

From Question 99 To Question 100

99. When do we celebrate Independence

Day?*
Correct Answer:
● July 4

Additional details: This is the day the Continental Congress adopted the
Declaration of Independence, separating itself from British rule.
100. Name two national U.S. holidays.
Correct Answer:
1. New Year’s Day 7. Labor Day
2. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day 8. Columbus Day
3. Presidents’ Day 9. Veterans Day
4. Memorial Day 10. Thanksgiving
5. Juneteenth 11. Christmas
6. Independence Day