Class XII (CBSE)

(Mathematics)

Unit 4: (Determinants)

Important Questions & Solutions

Section A - Objective type questions

𝑥 2 6 2
QUESTION 1 If | | = | | then x equals to
18 𝑥 18 6
(a) 6
(b) ±6
(c) -6
(d) 0

ANS:

𝑥 2 6 2
| | = | |
18 𝑥 18 6
x × x -2 × 18 = 6 × 6 – 2 × 18
⇒ x2 – 36 = 36 – 36
⇒ x2 – 36 = 0
⇒ x = 36
∴ x = ±6
hence option (b) is correct
6 0 −1
QUESTION 2. The value of Determinant |2 1 4 |
1 1 3
 1. -7
2. 7
3. 8
4. 10
1 4 2 4 2 1
ANS:Δ =6| |-0| |+1| |
1 3 1 3 1 1
Δ =6(3-4) - 1(2-1)

Δ = 6(-1) - 1(1) = -7.

hence option (a) is correct

𝑆𝑖𝑛30˚ 𝐶𝑜𝑠30˚
QUESTION 3. The value of | |
−𝑆𝑖𝑛60˚ 𝐶𝑜𝑠60˚
a) 1
b) 0
c) -1
d) 2
ANS:

sin 30° cos 60° + cos 30° sin 60°

=sin(30° + 60°) = sin 90° = 1.

hence option (a) is correct

QUESTION 4. If A is square matrix of 3*3 order then value of |KA|
(a) K|A|
(b) K²|A|
(c) K3|A|
(d) 2K|A|
ANS:
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
If A = [𝑑 𝑒 𝑓 ] then |A| = |𝑑 𝑒 𝑓|
𝑔 ℎ 𝑖 𝑔 ℎ 𝑖
𝐾𝑎 𝐾𝑏 𝐾𝑐
KA = [𝐾𝑑 𝐾𝑒 𝐾𝑓]
𝐾𝑔 𝐾ℎ 𝐾𝑖

𝐾𝑎 𝐾𝑏 𝐾𝑐
|KA| = |𝐾𝑑 𝐾𝑒 𝐾𝑓|
𝐾𝑔 𝐾ℎ 𝐾𝑖

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
3
|KA| = K |𝑑 𝑒 𝑓 |= K3 |A|
𝑔 ℎ 𝑖

hence option (c) is correct

2 −6 1
QUESTION 5 If area of trian ±35 = |5 4 1|value of k is
1
2
𝑘 4 1
1. 12,2
2. -2,12
3. 8,10
4. 10,2
2 −6 1
ANS: area of triangle ±35 = |5
1
2
4 1|
𝑘 4 1
1
±35 = [2(4 - 4) +6(5 - k)+1(20 - 4k)]
2
±(35*2) = 50 -10k
±(70-50) = -10k
 K= -2,12

hence option (b) is correct

QUESTION 6 Which of the statement is true

(a) Determinant is square matrix

(b) Determinant is a number assoiciated with a matrix
(c) Determinant is a number assoiciated with a square matrix
(d) none of these.

ANS-
we know that Determinant is a number assoiciated with a square matrix A =

[aij] of order n×n where aij is (ij)th element

hence option (c) is correct

QUESTION 7
𝑎11 𝑎12 𝑎13
If ∆ = |𝑎21 𝑎22 𝑎23 | and adjoint of aij is Aij then value of Δ can be
𝑎31 𝑎32 𝑎33
expressed as
(a) a11 A31 + a12 A32 + a13 A33
(b) a11 A11 + a12 A21 + a13 A31
(c) a21 A11 + a22 A12 + a23 A13
(d) a11 A11 + a21 A21 + a31 A31

ANS-∆ = we know that determinant is a sum of product of elements and

their corresponding adjoints of any row or column now here elements are
a11, a21, a31
their corresponding adjoints are A11, A21, A31
⇒∆ = a11 A11 + a21 A21 + a31 A31
hence option (d) is correct

QUESTION 8

If A, is square matrix of order 3×3 then value of |adj A|

(a) |A|
(b) |A|²
(c) |A|³
(d) 3|A|
ANS-
∴ we know that |adj A| = |A|n-1 here n = 3
∴ |adj A| = |A|²
hence option (b) is correct

QUESTION 9
If A is invertible matrix of order then det (A-1) equals
(a) det (A)
1
(b)
det⁡(𝐴)
(c) 1
(d) 0

ANS-A is invertible matrix ⇒ |𝐴| ≠0

AA-1 = I or |𝐴𝐴−1 | = |𝐼 |=1

|𝐴||𝐴−1 |=1 |𝐴−1 |= = det(A-1)=
1 1
|𝐴| det(𝐴)

hence option (b) is correct

QUESTION10

If points (k+1,1), (2k+1,3) and (2k+2,2k) are collinear then value of k will
be

a) 1,2
b) 2,
−1
2
c) 2,
5
2
d) -2,2

ANS:
𝑘+1 1 1
|2𝑘 + 1 3 1| = 0
2𝑘 + 2 2𝑘 1
R1 →R1 – R2 and R2 →R2 – R3

−𝑘 −2 0
| −1 3 − 2𝑘 0| =0
2𝑘 + 2 2𝑘 1

-k(3-2k) + 2(-1)+0 = 0

-3k +2k2-2 = 0

2k2 -3k-2 = 0
2k2 -4k+k-2 = 0

2k(k-2)+1(k-2) =0

K=2,-1/2

hence option (b) is correct

Fill in the blanks

3 𝑚
QUESTION 11 If | |=3 then m = …………………………
4 5

2 −3
QUESTION 12 in Determinant | | ,co-factor of –3 is ……………..
1 −2

1 0 1
QUESTION 13 In A = |0 1 2| then value of |3A| …………………..
0 0 4

1 logb a
QUESTION 14 Value of Determinant | | is …………..
loga b 1

𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥
𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍⁡𝟏𝟓⁡⁡Value⁡of⁡Determinant | | is ………………..
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥

ANS :
3 𝑚
11) | |=3
4 5
=>3×5-4×m=3
=>15-4m=3
=>15-3=4m
=>12=4m
=>3=m
2 −3
12)⁡| |, cofactor of –3 = A12=(-1)1+2[1]
1 −2

=-1
1 0 1
13) A = |0 1 2|
0 0 4
We know that |kA|=kn|A| {here n=order =3}

|3A|=33|A|
1 0 1
=27|0 1 2|
0 0 4
=27[1(4-0)-0(0-0)+1(0-0)]

=27[4]
=108
1 logb a
14)⁡| |
loga b 1

=1-(log a b × log b a)
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎
=1- ×
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏

=1-1
=0
 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥
15)⁡| |
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥
=cot2x-cosec2x

= -( cosec2x - cot2x)

=-1

𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍⁡𝟏𝟔⁡⁡ to 𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍⁡𝟐𝟎⁡⁡
 Section B long answer type questions
𝑥 𝑎 𝑥+𝑎
QUESTION 21 Prove that⁡|𝑦 𝑏 𝑦 + 𝑏| = 0
𝑧 𝑐 𝑧+𝑐
ANS-

(L.H.S) = ∆
𝑥 𝑎 𝑥+𝑎
∆ =|𝑦 𝑏 𝑦 + 𝑏|
𝑧 𝑐 𝑧+𝑐
C1→ C1 + C2
𝑥+𝑎 𝑎 𝑥+𝑎
∆ =|𝑦 + 𝑏 𝑏 𝑦 + 𝑏|
𝑧+𝑐 𝑐 𝑧+𝑐
𝑥+𝑎 𝑎 𝑥+𝑎
Therefore [𝑦 + 𝑏 𝑏 𝑦 + 𝑏] = 0 {∵here 2 columns are same (C1= C3)}
𝑧+𝑐 𝑐 𝑧+𝑐

L.H.S=R.H.S

Hence proved

1 1 1
QUESTION 22 Prove that⁡| 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 | = (a-b)(b-c)(c-a)(a+b+c)
𝑎3 𝑏3 𝑐3
1 1 1
ANS: L.H.S | 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐|
𝑎3 𝑏3 𝑐3

0 0 1
=| 𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐 𝑐| C1→ C1 - C2, and C2→ C2 -C3
𝑎3 − 𝑏 3 𝑏3 − 𝑐 3 𝑐3
 1 𝑥 𝑥2
3 2
QUESTION 23 Prove that |𝑥 2 1 𝑥 | = (1-x )
𝑥 𝑥2 1
1 𝑥 𝑥2
ANS: L.H.S = |𝑥 2 1 𝑥 |=
𝑥 𝑥2 1
C1→C1+C2+C3

1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥2 𝑥 𝑥2
|1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 1 𝑥|
1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥2 𝑥2 1
1 𝑥 𝑥2
(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )|1 1 𝑥|
1 𝑥2 1
R1→R1-R2 R2→R2-R3

1−1 𝑥−1 𝑥2 − 𝑥
=(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 )⁡|1 − 1
2
1 − 𝑥2 𝑥−1|
1 𝑥2 1
0 𝑥−1 𝑥2 − 𝑥
=(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 )⁡|0 1 − 𝑥 2
2
𝑥−1|
1 𝑥2 1
 0 −(1 − 𝑥) −𝑥(1 − 𝑥)
(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 )⁡|0 (1 + 𝑥)(1 − 𝑥) −(1 − 𝑥) |
2

1 𝑥2 1

0 −1 −𝑥
(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 )(1 − x) |0
2 2 (1 + 𝑥) −1|
1 𝑥2 1
Expanding along C1

−1 −𝑥
=(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )(1-x)2| |
1+𝑥 −1
=(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )(1-x)2(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )

={(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )(1 − 𝑥)}2

=(1-x3)2

L.H.S=R.H.S

QUESTION 24 Find area of triangle by using determinant whose vertices

are (2,7), (1,1) and (10,8)

ANS
𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟏 𝟏
area of triangle ∆ = |𝒙𝟐
𝟏
𝒚𝟐 𝟏|
𝟐
𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟑 𝟏
𝟐 𝟕 𝟏
∆ =
𝟏
𝟐
| 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏|
𝟏𝟎 𝟖 𝟏
=
𝟏 1 1 1 1 1 1
𝟐
(2 | |⁡− 7 | |⁡+ | |)
8 1 10 1 10 8

= [2(1-8)-7(1-10)+1(8-10)]
𝟏
𝟐
 [2(-7)-7(-9)+1(-2)]
1
=
2

= sq.unit
47
2

𝑥 3 7
QUESTION 25.Solve the equation ⁡|2 𝑥 2| = 0
7 6 𝑥
𝑥 3 7
ANS: |2 𝑥 2| = 0
7 6 𝑥
R1→R1+R2 +R3

𝑥+2+7 3+𝑥+6 7+2+𝑥

| 2 𝑥 2 | = 0
7 6 𝑥
𝑥+9 𝑥+9 𝑥+9
| 2 𝑥 2 | =0
7 6 𝑥
1 1 1
(x+9)|2 𝑥 2| = 0
7 6 𝑥
C2→C2-C1 and C3→C3-C1

1 1−1 1−1
(x+9)|2 𝑥 − 2 2 − 2| = 0
7 6−7 𝑥−7
1 0 0
(x+9)|2 𝑥−2 0 | = 0
7 −1 𝑥 − 7
𝑥−2 0
(x+9).1| | = 0
−1 𝑥−7
(x+9)(x-2)(x-7)=0

X=-9
X=2

X=7

X= -9,2,7

QUESTION 26 Prove that-

a + b + 2c 𝑎 𝑏
| 𝑐 b + c + 2a 𝑏 |= 2(a + b + c)3
𝑐 𝑎 c + a + 2b
ANS:

by

by

by &
 Hence proved

a
2
+1 𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑐
QUESTION 27 Prove that | 𝑎𝑏 b
2
+1 𝑏𝑐 | = 1 + a 2
+ b2 + c2

𝑎𝑐 𝑏𝑐 2
c +1

By
By &

Hence proved
QUESTION 28 Prove that
α β⁡ λ
| α2 β⁡2 λ2 |= (α – β) (β – λ) (λ – a) (α + β + λ)
β+λ λ+α α + β⁡
note: in question α β and λ can be replaced by -α = a,
β = b,
ANS: λ=c

let
 1+a 1 1
QUESTION 29 Prove that | 1 1+b 1 |= (abc + ab + bc + ca)
1 1 1+c
1 1 1
= (abc) (1 + + + )
a b c

Let
 𝐚
𝟐
𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑐 +𝐜𝟐
QUESTION 30 Prove that |𝐚𝟐 + 𝑎𝑏 𝐛
𝟐
𝑎𝑐 | = 4a2 b2 c2
𝑎𝑏 𝐛
𝟐
+ 𝑏𝑐 𝐜
𝟐

by &

by

by

by

= 2abc2 [-a(a – b) + a (a + b)]

= 2a2bc2 [-a + b + a + b]
= 2a2bc2. 2b
= 4a2 b2 c2
QUESTION 31