Grammar focus

MODAL VERBS
We use modals to show if we believe something is certain, possible or impossible.

Form: Modal Verb + infinitive / Modal Verb + Not + infinitive

Modal Verb Function EXAMPLE

Imane can play the guitar

Can Ability
Can I have some water please?
Permission We can go to the cinema next week.

Cyclists must wear helmets.

Must Obligation
We must keep quite in the library.
Have to Necessity
Cars have to stop at stop signs.
We have to change our passwords every six months.

My parents will go to Italy next summer.

Will Future
Will you hep me tomorrow?

Could Request Could I have another cup of coffee, please?

Could you close the door, please?

Don’t have to Absence of You don’t have to come if you don’t want to.
obligation

Mustn’t Prohibition You mustn't be late for class.

A driver mustn’t use mobile phone while driving.

Should Advice You should try the lasagna.

You should go early before 8:00 .

May Probability

Might

Practice:
Choose one of these modal verbs to complete each sentence:
 must, could, may, can, should, have to, don’t have to

1. You _________________ use my car tonight. (permission)

2. _________________ you open the door? (request)
3. It’s snowing, so it _________________________ be very cold outside. (probability)
4. She _____________ speak six languages. (ability)
5. I need a new prescription; I ________________ see a doctor right away. (necessity)
6. Students __________________________ do their homework every day. (advice)
7. You __________________ take medication if you feel better . (prohibition)

Function
Expressing likes and Dislikes
Likes EXAMPLE Dislikes EXAMPLE

I love ..................... I love playing football. I’m not a fan of .... I’m not a fan of Korean movies

I like ........................ I like dancing. I don’t like ...... I don’t like being cold.

I am interested in..... I am interested in painting. I dislike ........ I dislike singing.

I’m crazy about ........ I’m crazy about skiing. I hate ......... I hate watching drama movies

I prefer .......... to ........ I prefer Maths to Science. I find it quite ...... I find it quite annoying

I fancy ......................... I fancy reading. I don’t fancy ... I don’t fancy going shopping.

I’m a fan of .............. I’m a fan of Football. I can’t stand ..... I can’t stand being late.

I’m keen on ............. I’m keen on swimming. I’m not vey keen on I’m not vey keen on social
media

Practice:
Use the above mentioned expressions to complete the sentences :

1. She _____________________________ having a massage after work. It helps me to relax.

2. My dad____________________________________ shopping for clothes in the black Friday.
3. Samira ________________________________ music.
4. I _________________________________ inviting my friends around for dinner. I ____________________
cooking a special meal for them.
5. My kids ______________________________ ice-cream.
6. I’m _________________________________________ learning new languages.
7. My grand parents _________________________________________ being stuck in a traffic jam.
8. I __________________________________ Mondays!
9. Kamal _________________________________________ visiting the dentist.
10. I ______________________________ the new Maths teacher.