Waves

5. Doppler effect of sound depends on

SECTION - A
[NCERT Pg. 384]
NCERT Based MCQs
(1) Intensity of sound wave
1. Equation of a transverse wave pulse is
(2) Distance between source and listener
9
y  , (where x and y are in metre (3) Relative velocity between source and listener
3  ( x – 10t )2
and t is in second). The speed of the wave pulse (4) Both (2) and (3)
is [NCERT Pg. 377] 6. A stationary source of sound wave is having
(1) 3 m/s (2) 5 m/s frequency f 0. Sound is reflected from a large
vertical plane surface moving towards the source
(3) 10 m/s (4) 100 m/s with a speed v. If speed of sound in medium is c,
2. Which of the following two wave equations can then frequency of reflected wave received by the
form stationary wave? [NCERT Pg. 379] stationary observer near the source is

(i) y = A cos(t + kx) [NCERT Pg. 386]

(ii) y = A sin(t + kx)  c v 
(1)   f0 (2) f0
(iii) y = A sin(t – kx) c –v 
(iv) y = A cos(t – kx) c –v  c v 
(3)   f0 (4)   f0
(1) (i) and (ii) (2) (iii) and (iv) c v   c 
(3) (i) and (iv) (4) Both (1) and (2) 7. A uniform rope of mass 0.1 kg and length 2.45 m
3. Two sound waves of wavelengths 1 and 2(2 > 1) hangs from a ceiling. The time taken by a transverse
produce n beats/s. The speed of sound is wave to travel the full length of the rope is
(g = 9.8 m/s2) [NCERT Pg. 375]
[NCERT Pg. 383]
(1) 4 s (2) 3 s
n (  2 – 1 ) (3) 10 s (4) 1 s
(1)
1  2
8. A 1.50 m long rope is stretched between two
(2) n(2 – 1) supports with a tension that makes the speed of
transverse wave 48 m/s. The wavelength of second
n 1  2
(3) overtone is [NCERT Pg. 381]
 2 – 1
(1) 1 m (2) 2 m
n 1  2 (3) 3 m (4) 4 m
(4)
1   2
9. The equation of a wave is given by
4. The fundamental frequency in an open organ pipe
y = 10sin(50t + 5x) (where x, y are in m and t is
is equal to the fifth harmonic of a closed organ
in s) The ratio of maximum particle velocity to wave
pipe. If the length of the open organ pipe is 10 cm,
velocity is [NCERT Pg. 373]
then length of the closed pipe is[NCERT Pg. 382]
(1) 15 cm (1) 50

(2) 20 cm (2) 5

(3) 25 cm (3) 10

(4) 40 cm (4) 100

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10. The speed of sound in air at N.T.P. is 332 m/s. If 15. Three consecutive resonant frequencies of
th stretched string fixed at both ends are 60 Hz,
 1
density of hydrogen at N.T.P. is   of air, then 90 Hz and 120 Hz then [NCERT Pg. 382]
16  
(1) The fundamental frequency is 30 Hz
the speed of sound in hydrogen is
(2) The given frequencies are 1st, 3 rd and 5 th
[NCERT Pg. 376]
harmonic
(1) 664 m/s (2) 996 m/s
(3) The given frequencies are 1st, 2 nd and 3rd
(3) 1328 m/s (4) 1028 m/s overtone
11. The phase difference between the particles A and (4) Both (1) and (3) are correct
B for a wave located as shown in figure is
[NCERT Pg. 373] SECTION - B
y Objective Type Questions
B 1. The property of a transverse wave that can
o A x distinguish it from a longitudinal wave
/8 (1) Ripple (2) Diffraction
(3) Polarization (4) All of these
3 7
(1) (2) 2. The angle between particle velocity and wave
4 4
velocity in transverse wave is
3 5
(3) (4) 
2 4 (1)  (2)
2
  
12. Three waves y1  2A sin  t –  ,
 3 (3) (4) Zero
4
  3. If velocity of sound in moist air is v1 and velocity
y 2  2 A sin  t   and y 3  – A sin(t ) interfere
 3 of sound in dry air is v 2 then under identical
each other. The amplitude of the resultant wave is condition of pressure and temperature.
[NCERT Pg. 377] (1) v1 > v2 (2) v1 < v2

(1) A (2) Zero (3) v1 = v2 (4) v1  v2

(3) 2A (4) 3A 4. The equation of spherical progressive wave is

13. A transverse wave is travelling along a string. A

(1) y = Asin(kx –t) (2) y  sin  kx  t 
If wave is reflected by a rigid boundary then phase r
of reflected wave is changed by [NCERT Pg. 379]
A A
(1) Zero (2)  (3) y  sin  kx  t  (4) y  sin  kx  t 
r 2r
(3) /2 (4) /4 5. The equation of a travelling wave is given by
14. Two forks A and B, when sounded together produce v particle max .
y = 10cos(1200t – 3x) metre, the is
2 beat/s. The fork A is in unison with 30 cm length v wave
of a sonometer wire and B is in unison with 25 cm (1) 30 (2) 20
length of the same wire at the same tension. The
frequency of fork A and B are respectively (3) 15 (4) 10
6. To increase the frequency from 50 Hz to 200 Hz
[NCERT Pg. 383]
the tension in string increases to
(1) 12 Hz, 14 Hz (1) 2 times
(2) 10 Hz, 12 Hz (2) 4 times
(3) 20 Hz, 22 Hz (3) 8 times
(4) 8 Hz, 10 Hz (4) 16 times

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7. Two tuning forks have frequencies 520 Hz and 13. The vibration of a string is represented by
524 Hz respectively. On sounding these forks
 x 
together, the time interval between two successive y  5 sin   cos(48t ) , where x and y are in cm
maximum intensity is  15 
and t in second then amplitude of the superposing
1 1
(1) s (2) s wave is
2 4
(1) 1.25 cm (2) 5 cm
(3) 1 s (4) 2 s
(3) 10 cm (4) 2.5 cm
8. The equation of two progressive waves is given by
14. In a closed organ pipe, the first resonance occurs
y1 = Asin(kx – t) and y2 = Asin(kx – t + ),
at 25 cm, at what length of pipe, the second
then amplitude of medium particle will be
resonance will occur?
 (1) = 75 cm (2) > 75 cm
(1) 2Acos (2) 2 A cos  
2 (3) < 75 cm (4)  75 cm
15. To make a stationary wave having node at x = 0,

(3) 2Asin (4) 2 A sin   the equation y = Acos(t + kx) is superimposed to
2 another wave of equation
9. If the length of a stretched string is shortened by (1) –Acos(kx – t) (2) –Asin(kx – t)
20% and the tension is increased by 21% then the (3) Acos(t – kx) (4) Acos(kx + t)
frequency (Let n = initial frequency)
16. The vibrations of two air column under identical
(1) Increases by 20.5% conditions are represented in the figure below. The
(2) Increases by 37.5% ratio of frequencies na : nb will be

(3) Increases by 30.5%

(4) Decreases by 37.5%
10. A tuning fork of known frequency 256 Hz makes
5 beats per second with the vibrating string of
piano when tension in the wire of piano increased
by 2% then beat frequency decreases by 2 beats (a) (b)
per seconds, the frequency of piano string before (1) 2 : 3 (2) 3 : 2
increase in tension will be
(3) 3 : 4 (4) 1 : 2
(1) 251 Hz (2) 256 Hz
17. An observer is moving with speed v0 towards a
(3) 261 Hz (4) 253 Hz stationary source emitting a sound wave of
11. In standing wave, all particles between two nodes wavelength . The change in wavelength detected
passes through mean position by the observer is (v = speed of sound)

(1) At the same time with same velocities v v 0

(1) v (2)
(2) At the same time with different velocities 0 v

(3) At the different time with different velocities v 02

(3) (4) Zero
v
(4) At the different time with same velocities
18. Two sound sources of frequency 360 Hz each,
12. There are three sources of sound of equal intensity one moving toward observer, while second moving
with frequency 200 Hz, 201 Hz and 202 Hz away from observer with same speed 5.5 m/s, then
respectively, if all sounded simultaneously, then number of beats produced per second is
beat frequency heard by listener is (v = 330 m/s)
(1) 2 (2) 3 (1) 2 (2) 18
(3) 1 (4) 4 (3) 12 (4) 25

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19. Which of the following is not a wave equation? 25. The successive frequencies of standing waves
setup in an organ pipe are 150 Hz, 225 Hz, 300
(1) y = Asinkxsint
Hz, then frequency of 10th harmonics is
  
(2) y  A sin  t – x  (1) 1500 Hz (2) 750 Hz
a b 
(3) 450 Hz (4) 600 Hz
(3) y = Acosk(vt2 – x2)
26. Two open organ pipe of length L1 and L2 (L2 > L1)
(4) y = Acos(2t – 2kx)
produces x beats/second, then speed of sound in
20. A wave travelling in a stretched string is given by organ pipe is
y = Asin(kx –t). The ratio of maximum velocity of
particle with wave velocity is  L  L1   LL 
(1) 2 x  2  (2) 2 x  1 2 
 L1L2   L1  L2 
A
(1) A (2)
k  LL   LL 
(3) 2 x  1 2  (4) x  1 2 
(3) k  L2 – L1 
 L2  L1 
(4) A k
21. The displacement of a wave pulse is given by 27. A sonometer wire is to be divided into three
10 segments having fundamental frequency in the ratio
y metre. The velocity of wave pulse
4  (4t  x )2 1 : 2 : 3, the ratio of lengths should be
is
(1) 3 : 2 : 1 (2) 4 : 3 : 1
(1) 4 m/s (2) 2.5 m/s
(3) 4 : 2 : 3 (4) 6 : 3 : 2
(3) 0.25 m/s (4) –4 m/s
28. An open organ pipe has a fundamental frequency
22. A transverse wave is travelling along a string in the 300 Hz. The frequency of first overtone of this pipe
positive x-axis, then identify the points which have is the same as the first overtone of closed organ
negative particle velocity. pipe, the length of closed organ pipe is
(velocity of sound = 330 m/s)
y
(1) 41 cm (2) 75 cm
D
x (3) 90 cm (4) 82 cm
A C
B 29. A resonance tube is resonated with a tuning fork
of frequency 256 Hz. If the length of resonating air
(1) A (2) B column are 32 cm and 100 cm, the end correction
is
(3) C (4) D
(1) 20 cm (2) 2 cm
23. The reference intensity of sound at a point is
(3) 0.2 cm (4) 1 cm
10–12 W/m2, then intensity of sound of 80 dB is
30. A listener moves toward stationary source with
(1) 10–8 W/m2 (2) 10+4 W/m2 constant speed and crosses him, then correct
(3) 10–4 W/m2 (4) 10+8 W/m2 graph between apparent frequency (f ) with time (t)
is
24. A uniform string is clamped at its two ends. Its
mass per length is given by 20 g/m, the transverse f f
displacement wave of the string is given by
(1) (2)
 2 
y  5 sin  x  cos(20t ) m , then tension in the t t
 3 
string is f f

(1) 9 N (2) 0.9 N (3) (4)

(3) 1.8 N (4) 18 N t t

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31. A plane progressive wave of frequency 50 Hz, 36. A stretched string of length l, fixed at both ends
travelling along positive x-axis is represented as can sustain stationary waves of wavelength  then
find .
y = 5 × 10–5 sin(100t) at x = 0. Wave speed is
n2 l2
2 (1)   (2)  
300 m/s. The value of , is 2l 2n

2l
(3)   (4)  = 2ln
(1)  (2) 2 n
37. The temperature at which the speed of sound in air
2 
(3) (4) becomes double of its value at 0°C is T kelvin.
3 3
Then find value of T.
32. Two waves get superposed on a string (1) 273 K (2) 546 K
y1 = 3 sin2 (x – 10t) and y2 = 3 sin2 (x + 10t).
(3) 1092 K (4) 0 K
Then find the distance between two adjacent nodes
on the string. 38. A wave of frequency 500 Hz has velocity of
360 m/s. Find the distance between two nearest
(1) 25 cm (2) 50 cm
points 60° out of phase.
(3) 75 cm (4) 100 cm
(1) 0.6 cm (2) 12 cm
33. A wave represented by y = 2 cos(4x – t) is (3) 60 cm (4) 120 cm
superposed with another wave to form a stationary
wave such that point x = 0 is a node. Find the 39. A whistle of frequency 500 Hz tied to the end of
equation of other wave. string of length 1.2 m revolves at 40 m/s. A listener
standing large distance away in the plane of
(1) 2 sin(4x + t)
rotation of whistle hears frequencies of what range?
(2) – 2 cos(4x – t) (velocity of sound = 340 m/s)
(3) – 2 cos(4x + t) (1) 447 to 567 Hz (2) 180 to 380 Hz
(4) – 2 sin(4x – t) (3) 568 to 880 Hz (4) 220 to 384 Hz
34. Which of the following represents loudness versus 40. v1 and v2 are velocities of sound waves at same
intensity of sound graph? temperature in two monoatomic gases of densities
1 1
1 and 2 respectively. If  = then ratio of
2 4
velocities v1 and v2 will be
L L
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 4 : 1
(1) (2)
(3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 4
I I 41. For a particular tube, there are four of six harmonic
frequencies below 1000 Hz are 300 Hz, 600 Hz,
750 Hz and 900 Hz. Find the frequencies missing
from list
L L
(1) 100, 200 Hz (2) 150, 400 Hz
(3) (4)
(3) 150, 450 Hz (4) 450, 800 Hz
I I
42. A string is rigidly tied at two ends and its equation
35. A metal wire of linear mass density of 9.8 g/m is of vibration is given by y = cos 2t sin 2x. Then
stretched with tension of 10 kg weight between two the length of string cannot be
rigid supports 1 m apart. The fundamental
frequency of the wire is 5
(1) 1 m (2) m
(1) 25 Hz (2) 50 Hz 2
(3) 100 Hz (4) 200 Hz (3) 5 m (4) 2m

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43. The superposing waves are represented by
following equations
y1 = 5sin 2(10t – 0.1x)
y2 = 10sin 2(10t – 0.1x)

Imax
find I
min

16 9
(1) (2)
9 1
4 25
(3) (4)
9 9
44. Three waves of equal frequency having amplitudes
10 mm, 4 mm and 7 mm arrive at a given point

with successive phase difference of . The
2
amplitude of resulting wave, is
(1) 7 mm (2) 6 mm
(3) 5 mm (4) 4 mm
45. A standing sound wave in a pipe has five
displacement nodes and five antinodes. The
harmonic number of vibrations, is
(1) 3 (2) 4
(3) 5 (4) 9

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