NOT FOR SALE

MSMA 2nd Edition. 2012 | DID Malaysia

APPENDIX 8.A EXAMPLE – INFILTRATION TRENCH

Problem:

Estimate the preliminary size of an infiltration trench proposed for the USM School of Civil Engineering
building in Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang with 1.59ha of institutional area. The impervious area is 65% of the
catchment area. Given the value of infiltration rate, f = 35 mm/hr, maximum storage time, Ts = 24 hr, effective
filling time, Tf = 2 hr and porosity of fill materials, n = 0.35.

a) Site Plan
152m

122m

72m
37m

Perimeter Drain

Roof

Parking Lot Pervious Area (Grass) Roof

Roof 36m 73.4m 104m

Impervious Area (Roof)

Grass

Proposed Inlet Drain Proposed Inlet Drain

Proposed Infiltration
Trench

b) Building and Drainage Layout

Figure 8.A1: Proposed Trench Site and Design

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MSMA 2nd Edition. 2012 | DID Malaysia

Solution:

Reference Calculation Output

Determine the contributed water quality volume WQV

Table 2.5 Runoff coefficient for commercial and business centres = 0.95
Runoff coefficient for sport fields, park and agriculture = 0.40
Impervious area = 0.65
Pervious area = 0.35

Equation 11.1 Required storage for WQV = Cave (Pd) A

= (0.65*0.95 + 0.35*0.4)*0.04 x 15900 = 481.8m3
where:
WQV = Water quality volume
Cave = Average rational runoff coefficient (Refer Table 2.5)
Pd = Rainfall depth for water quality design storm (= 40 mm)
A = Contributing drainage area (ha)

Determine of Trench Size

Porosity of fill materials, n = 0.35

Maximum storage time, Ts (hours) = 24hr

Effective filling time, Tf (hours) = 2hr

Infiltration rate, f = 35mm/hr

f c Ts
Maximum allowable depth, d max
Equation 8.1 n

0.035 24
0.35 = 2.4m

Thus, the proposed depth (dt) of the trench = 1.0m

Design infiltration rate (fd) = 0.5 fc = 0.0175m/hr

Vw
At
ndt f dT f
481.8
At = 1252m2
0.35 1.0 0.0175 2.0

The dimension of the proposed infiltration trench is should be based on

capture of the required water quality volume as 1252m2 = 50m x 25m x
1m

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MSMA 2nd Edition. 2012 | DID Malaysia

A
PLAN Pretreatment
BMPs

Concrete Level
Spreader

25m
Overflow Berm

Outflow to Main
Drainage System

50m

SECTION A-A

Level Overflow Berm

Pretreatment Spreader

Gravel Fil Filter Layer

1m

Trench Filled
Protective Layer of With Clean Stone
Filter Fabric

Sand Filter or Runoff Exfiltrates Through

Fabric Equivalent Undisturbed Subsoils
25m

Figure 8.A2: Infiltration Trench Design

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MSMA 2nd Edition. 2012 | DID Malaysia

APPENDIX 8.B EXAMPLE – INFILTRATION BASIN

Problem:

Estimate the preliminary size of an infiltration basin proposed for the Bertam Perdana, Pulau Pinang. The
catchment area is 12.70ha with 52% of impervious area. The site condition of pre-development is palm oil
plantations. From initial site investigation, the characteristic of the catchment is as follows:

Soil type : Sandy loam

Infiltration capacity (fc) : 35mm/hr
Ground water level : 3m (below ground surface)
The following assumptions are made : Time of concentration pre-development, tcs = 45 minutes
Time of concentrations, tc = 30 minutes
Porosity of sandy loam, n = 0.35
Maximum storage time, Ts = 24 hr
Effective filling time, Tf = 2 hr

400m
Inlet

Outfall Inlet

300m

Figure 8.B1: Site Plan

Reference Calculation Output

Determine the contributed water quality volume WQV

Table 2.5 Runoff coefficient for commercial and business centres = 0.95
Runoff coefficient for sport fields, park and agriculture = 0.40
Impervious area = 0.52
Pervious area = 0.48

Equation Required storage for WQV = Cave (Pd) A

11.1 = (0.52*0.95 + 0.48*0.4)x0.04 x 127000 = 3484.9m2
where:
WQV = Water quality volume
Cave = Average rational runoff coefficient (Refer Table 2.5)
Pd = Rainfall depth for water quality design storm (= 40 mm)
A = Contributing drainage area (m3)

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MSMA 2nd Edition. 2012 | DID Malaysia

Reference Calculation Output

Determine of Basin Size

Porosity of soil materials, n = 0.35

Maximum storage time, Ts (hours) = 24hr

Effective filling time, Tf (hours) = 2hr

Infiltration rate, f = 35mm/hr

Equation
8.7 Maximum allowable depth, (dmax) = fcTp = (35/1000) x 24 = 0.84m

Thus, the proposed depth (db) of the basin = 0.5m

The proposed side slope 1:4 (V:H)

Design infiltration rate (fd) = 0.5 fc = 0.5 x (35/1000) = 0.00875m/hr

Equation Lb = Lt - 2Zdb
8.10a
Equation Wb = Wt -2Zdb
8.10b
Equation Lt = [ Vw + Zdb (Wt -2Zdb)] / [ Wt db – Zdb2]
8.11
Vw is equal to WQV and Say Wt is 100m

Lt = [ 3484.9+(4x0.5)(100 – 2x4x0.5)] / [ (100 x 0.5)–(4x0.52)] = 75.04m

The top dimension of the proposed infiltration basin is 100.0m x 72.0m x

0.5m

Wb = 75.04–(2x4x0.5) = 71.04m

Lb = 100-(2x4x0.5) = 96m

The bottom/floor dimension of the proposed infiltration basin = 96m x 71m

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MSMA 2nd Edition. 2012 | DID Malaysia

PLAN

Inlet
A

96.0m 100.0m

Riprap Outfall
Protection

Outlet
Inlet

71.0m
75.0m

SECTION A-A

100.0m Inflow
Pretreatment
Excess Runoff Water Quality Volume
(WQv)
Grass Turf
0.2m
4
0.5m 1

100mm Top Soil and Clean

Wash Stone

Clean Stone
96.0m

Figure 8.B3: Infiltration Basin Design

8-18 NOT FOR SALE Infiltration Facilities