HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Department of Automation Engineering

EMBEDDED CONTROL SYSTEM

Course Project: Three-phase Induction Motor control

Instructor: Chu Duc Viet

Group 11:
Tran Le Duc Anh 20202782
Bui Ngoc Tien 20202773
Nguyen Tuan Minh 20202794

Hanoi, 12/2023
 1. High and Low Voltage cut-off
circuit
As we know, we need to design a voltage cut-off
circuit for our motor and send the signal to the
MCU to let the MCU know when it happens.

Solution:
- Using LM324 with PNP Relay Driver to
become main components for our circuit. Fig 1. PIN diagram of LM324

About LM324:
- It can operate from 3 V to 30 V single power supply.
- It can operate from +/- 1.5 V to +/- 15 V for dual supply.
- It has bandwidth up to 1.3 MHz.
- Large voltage gains of 100 dB
- 4 independent amplifiers.
- Some of the variants are short circuit protected at the output.
- True differential input stages.
- Very low current consumption: 375 uA.
- Low input bias current: 20 nA.

Using PNP Relay Driver

The circuit utilizes a single IC LM 324 for the necessary detection and instantly switches the
relevant relays so that the connected loads are isolated from the dangerous inputs.
The circuit also provides visual indications of the respective voltage levels during any instant.
The following circuit utilizes a transformer for powering the circuit.
Circuit Diagram
Parts List for the proposed high, low mains voltage protector circuit:
- R1, R2, R3, R4, R5= 4K7 Ohm
- P1, P2 = 10 K Presets
- C1 = 1000 uF/ 25 V = 1
- Z1, Z2 = 6 Volts, 400 mW
- D1 = 1N4007 =1
- D2, D3 = 1N4148 = 2
- T1 = BC557B = 1
- Transformer = 0 – 12 V, 500 mA = 1
Calculating the Cut-off Thresholds
Let's say you find it to be 13.2 V, now quickly change the range of the meter to AC mains level
and check the voltage at the AC mains side of the transformer. Let's say you find it to be 230 V.
This would mean that 230 V input AC produces an output DC of 13.2V.
Once the above info is confirmed, the corresponding upper and lower thresholds could be
calculated through a simple cross multiplication, as explained below:
230/200 = 13.2/A
Here, 230 represents the normal AC input voltage.
13.2 indicates the corresponding normal DC at 230 V input AC
200 is assumed to be the lower cut off threshold.
A is the required DC corresponding to the 200 V lower cut off threshold.
Solving the above gives us:
A = 11.47 V which is our lower cut-off DC at 200 V input AC.
Likewise, the upper cut-off DC can be found as:
230/260 = 13.2/B, here B is the upper cut-off DC corresponding to the 260 V high AC input.
Solving the above gives us:
B = 14.92 V, which is our higher DC cut-off voltage value, corresponding to the 260 V high AC
voltage.

2. Driver Circuit
Design purpose:
+) Provide 6 control signals for IGBTs.
+) Enable to tolerate extended pulse width or
low-frequency control signals without
saturation.
Solution:
=>Choosing the IR2136 is a specialized IC for
driving MOSFETs and IGBTs manufactured by
IR-International Rectifier. This IC features three
independent channels, with each channel
consisting of a high-side and low-side output. It
is specifically designed for three-phase
applications.
=>TYPICAL CONNECTION:
The IR2136 is a specialized integrated circuit (IC) designed for driving
MOSFETs and IGBTs in three-phase applications. Here is the function of each
pin of the IR2136:

Circuit diagram:
By recommendation of the producer:
Choose R1 = R2 = R3 = R4 = R5 = R6 = 28 Ohms, R10 = 2M Ohms
Choose C6 = 1nF, C1 = C2 = C3 = C4 = C5 = 1μF, R1 = R2 = R3 = R4 = R5 = R6 =
28 Ohms

3. Power Circuit
Design purpose:
+) The DC-to-AC inverter converts the DC power received from the rectifier
into AC power to supply and control the motor.
Solution:
 Using IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) circuit.
Circuit diagram:
Choosing IGBT: IHW30N120R2 with: