Keywords

GAS PRESSURE
 Gas pressure
When we drink a juice from a paper box we notice that after a while if  Particles
we continue to suck juice the box becomes smaller and smaller and
eventually is folded. This happens because of the air that is inside the  collisions
carton and we pull outside. But what exactly causes the change of the  Atmospheric
boxes’ shape? pressure

CAUSE OF GAS PRESSURE

 collision
 Gases are consist of particles that move in different directions
randomly and very quickly. This is because forces that keep them together
are week and so they are allowed to move more freely in the space
between them compared to the particles of a liquid or a solid.
 If we have an amount of gas contained inside a very small closed area, for
example a bottle, then the particles of the gas collide with the bottle’s
surface. In each collision we have forces acting between the particles and the
surface. So, when we have a large amount of these forces happening in a
small area, like the wall of the bottle, the result of this is the cause of gas
pressure.

GAS PRESSURE AND CONNECTION WITH TEMPERATURE AND VOLUME

 If we increase the temperature of a gas mass then the particles are moving
faster and more intensive because of the energy they are gaining.
 Then the number of collisions
with the wall of the container will
increase and they will also be
stronger. Because of that there will
be an increase in gas pressure.

 If we reduce the volume of a gas then we

will have the same amount of particles
but in a smaller place. This means that the
concentration of the gas will become
bigger. This will cause more collisions with
the walls of the container and so the force
that the gas will exercise on the container will increase and therefore the
pressure.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AND HEIGHT

 Our planet is surrounded by atmospheric air. It is a mix of different gases

which starts from the level of the sea and reaches the Earth’s space.
 The distance of a place from the sea level is what we call altitude. When we
are above the sea we are at zero altitude and this is where atmospheric air
has the biggest density.
 As we move on higher levels
the density of the air
becomes smaller. This is
because the number of the
particles in it is becoming
less and so the mass of air
that exist above this area is
reduced.
 Consequently the change of
air amount in different
heights causes changes to
the atmospheric pressure. The higher we reach the smaller the atmospheric
pressure becomes.

INFLATING A BASKETBALL
When we inflate a basketball we notice
that it changes its shape and it becomes
more round. Before the inflation the ball
was folded enough. This has to do with
the difference of air pressure inside and
outside the ball.
Inside the ball the amount of air is less
than this outside the ball. So the pressure
of the air on the walls of the ball is
smaller than that around the ball and is
not enough to hold it tensed.
As we continue to insert air in the ball the pressure inside it is increasing and after a
while the ball is filled with air and is stretched. The pressure inside the ball is the
same with the pressure around it.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON GAS PRESSURE

You will need: ▪Two plastic bottles ▪balloons ▪hot water ▪ice cubes ▪ two bowls to
place hot and cold water

Step-1: Take a bowl and add cold water. Then, add few ice cubes to it to keep it cold.

Step-2: Pick another bowl and add hot water into it.

Step-3: Put a balloon over the neck of the plastic bottle in an upside-down position
and fix the mouth of the balloon to the mouth of the
bottle as shown in the picture. Repeat the same
method and prepare another set of water bottle and
balloon using the
other empty bottle.

Step-4: In this step,

keep the one bottle in hot water and the other in
cold water. Let each bottle sit in each bowl for some
time. What do you think is going to happen? Watch
and describe what causes it.

QUESTIONS

1) Answer which sentences are correct and which are wrong. Explain your answers.
a) Gas pressure is caused by collisions of air particles against a container’s surface.
b) Atmospheric pressure increases when we move to higher altitude.
c) On sea level there is no atmospheric pressure.
d) Gas pressure is becoming bigger when we heat the gas.

e) If we have two containers with the same amount of gas and with different
volumes the pressure of each gas will be the same.

2) a) When we go for a trip on a mountain we feel a pain in our ears as we climb on

it. What do you think that causes that pain? Do you feel the same when you are in a
boat?
b) What helps a sucker cup standing on a glass window and not falling down ?
SUMMARY

 Gas pressure is connected with the collisions of gas particles

 Pressure depends on temperature and concentration of gas
 Atmospheric air exerts atmospheric pressure
 Atmospheric pressure changes with altitude