Nursing Process in the Care of the POPULATION
GROUPS & COMMUNITY
SN:
 As community health nurses our role is
extend beyond the walls of a hospital or
clinic and the nursing process even more
crucial in delivering effective care to
individuals and communities
 Nursing Process is a systematic framework
that guides our practice and ensure that we
provide comprehensive and holistic care to
community members
 It consist of ADPIE (Assessment, Diagnosis,
Planning , Implementation , Evaluation)
ASSESSMENT – most important and first work,
gathering data (health status and environment , social
determinants like community resources)
DIAGNOSIS – analyzed the data
PLANNING – collaborate with community members ,
brgy health care workers , midwife , doctors , nurses
IMPLEMENTATION – we put our plan into ACTION ,
work closely with community members
EVALUATION – we assess the effectiveness of our
intervention and we check if its achieve , gather
feedback
F. Monitoring and Evaluating Community Health
Programs Implemented
MONITORING
 Monitoring in community health nursing
involves the systematic observation and
assessment of health status, behaviors, and
environmental factors. It focuses on
collecting data, analyzing trends, and
evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.
This helps in identifying changes in health
status, detecting potential health risks, and
tracking the progress of health promotion
and disease prevention activities.
EXAMPLE:
You are community health nurse working in the rural
area with high prevalence of diabetes. You assess the
health status of community members to check if
there’s
The purpose of monitoring in community health
nursing is to:
1. Detect deviations from normal health
patterns
 By regularly monitoring individuals,
families, and communities, community
health nurses can identify any changes or
deviations from normal health patterns.
This allows for early detection of potential
health issues or risks.
2. Identify emerging health issues
 Monitoring helps in identifying emerging
health issues within the community. By
tracking health trends and patterns,
community health nurses can recognize
and respond to new or increasing health
concerns promptly.
3. Plan appropriate interventions
 Monitoring provides valuable data that
helps community health nurses plan and
implement appropriate interventions. By
understanding the health needs and risks
of the community, nurses can develop
targeted strategies to promote health,
prevent diseases, and address specific
health issues.
4. Evaluate the effectiveness of interventions
 Monitoring allows for the evaluation of
the effectiveness of interventions and
programs implemented by community
health nurses. *By tracking outcomes and
analyzing data, nurses can assess the
impact of their interventions and make
necessary adjustments for improvement.
Overall, monitoring plays a crucial role in
promoting health, preventing diseases, and
improving the well-being of individuals and
communities. It helps community health
nurses make informed decisions and provide
evidence-based care.
 In community health nursing, monitoring
plays a crucial role in ensuring the
delivery of high-quality care and
achieving positive health outcomes. It
helps identify gaps in healthcare delivery,
assess the impact of interventions, and
make informed decisions for improving
health services.
 Monitoring involves the regular collection
of data, such as health indicators, patient
outcomes, and program performance, to
monitor trends, identify areas for
improvement, and guide evidence-based
practice.
Community Health Nurses us various methods for
monitoring including data collection through:
 surveys
 interviews
 observations
 health records
 They analyze the collected data to identify
patterns, trends, and areas of concern.
 Monitoring also involves ongoing
communication and collaboration with
 o healthcare teams,
o community members,
o and stakeholders to ensure the
continuous improvement of
healthcare services and address
emerging health needs
 Overall, monitoring in community health
nursing is a vital process that helps assess the
effectiveness and impact of healthcare
interventions, ensures accountability, and
supports evidence-based decision-making for
promoting the health and well-being of
individuals and communities.
EVALUATION
 Evaluation in community health nursing
refers to the systematic and ongoing
process of assessing the effectiveness
and outcomes of nursing interventions
and programs in the community. It
involves gathering data, analyzing
information, and making judgments about
the quality and impact of the nursing care
provided. The purpose of evaluation is to
determine whether the desired goals and
objectives of community health nursing
have been achieved, and to identify areas
for improvement. It helps in measuring
the effectiveness of interventions,
identifying gaps in care, and making
evidence-based decisions to enhance the
health outcomes of the community.
1. DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING
EVALUATION PLAN MONITORING AND
EVALUATION
Tools/Instruments for evaluating outcomes of nursing
interventions:
 Thermometer
 BP app/stethoscope
 Weighing scale
 Tape measure
 Checklist – post CVA patient
 Interview –related to client’s condition
In community health nursing, there are several types
of evaluation that can be utilized. These include:
1. Formative Evaluation:
 This type of evaluation is conducted
during the planning and implementation
stages of a program or intervention. It
focuses on gathering feedback and
information to make improvements and
adjustments to the program as it
progresses.
2. Summative Evaluation
 Summative evaluation is conducted at the
end of a program or intervention to assess
its overall effectiveness and outcomes. It
aims to determine whether the program
achieved its intended goals and
objectives.
Scenario: You are a community health nurse working
in a rural community. As part of a maternal and child
health program, you have implemented a
breastfeeding support group to promote and support
breastfeeding among new mothers in the community.
Formative Evaluation Example: To conduct a
formative evaluation of the breastfeeding support
group, you decide to gather feedback from the
participants and make necessary adjustments to
improve the program
EXAMPLE OF SUMMATIVE EVALUATION
To conduct a summative evaluation of the smoking
cessation program, the most appropriate step for the
nursing team is to conduct surveys to measure
changes in smoking behavior and attitudes among
program participants. This will provide valuable data
on the effectiveness of the program in helping
individuals quit smoking and assess any changes in
their attitudes towards smoking. Surveys allow for the
collection of quantitative and qualitative data,
providing insights into the outcomes and impact of
the program.
STEPS OF PROGRAM EVALUATION
The steps of program evaluation in community
health nursing typically involve the following:
1. Planning
 Define the purpose and objectives of the
program evaluation. Identify the key
stakeholders involved and clarify their
roles. Determine the evaluation questions
and develop a detailed evaluation plan,
including the methods, data collection
tools, and timeline.
2. Data Collection
Collect relevant data to assess the
program's effectiveness and impact. This
may involve using various methods such
as surveys, interviews, observations, and
reviewing existing records or documents.
Ensure that data collection methods align
with the evaluation questions and
objectives.
3. Data Analysis
 Analyze the collected data to derive
meaningful insights and draw conclusions.
 Use appropriate statistical or qualitative
analysis techniques to interpret the data
and identify patterns, trends, strengths,
weaknesses, and areas for improvement.
4. Interpretation and Reporting
 Interpret the findings of the evaluation
and communicate them effectively to
stakeholders. Prepare a comprehensive
evaluation report that includes a
summary of the evaluation process, key
findings, conclusions, and
recommendations. Present the report in a
clear and concise manner, tailored to the
needs of different stakeholders.
5. Utilization
 Ensure that the evaluation findings are
utilized to inform decision-making and
program improvement. Collaborate with
stakeholders to develop action plans
based on the evaluation results.
Implement the recommended changes
and monitor their effectiveness over time.
6. Feedback and Continuous Improvement
 Seek feedback from stakeholders on the
evaluation process and outcomes. Use
this feedback to refine future evaluations
and improve the program's design,
implementation, and evaluation
strategies. Emphasize the importance of
continuous improvement and learning
from evaluation findings