APPSC-Grp-2-GS-Test-03

01: Who was the Governor-General of British India during Revolt of 1857?
(a) Lord Canning (b) Lord Irwin
(c) Lord Lytton (d) Lord Willington
Ans: a
Sol: Lord Canning was the Governor General of India when the revolt of 1857 broke out. He
was also the last governor general of India as after the revolt Company rule came to an end
and Lord Canning became the First viceroy of India.
02: With reference to the revolt of 1857, consider the following pairs and Choose the
INCORRECT Pair
Place of revolt Leader
1. Kanpur : Nana Saheb
2. Bareilly : Khan Bahadur
3. Delhi : Birjis Qadir
4. Lucknow : Begum Hazrat Mahal
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(c) Only 3 (d) All are Correct
Ans: c
Sol: The Revolt of 1857, also known as the First War of Indian Independence, was a
widespread uprising against British rule in India. It began on May 1857, in the town of
Meerut and quickly spread throughout the country, involving soldiers, peasants, landlords,
and princes. The Revolt spread to different parts of the country: Kanpur, Lucknow, Benares,
Allahabad, Bareilly, Jagdishpur, and Jhansi.
The rebel activity was marked by intense anti-British feelings and the administration. At
Kanpur, the leader was Nana Saheb, the adopted son of the last Peshwa, Baji Rao II. At
Bareilly, Khan Bahadur, a descendant of the former ruler of Rohilkhand, was placed in
command. At Delhi, the nominal and symbolic leadership belonged to the Mughal emperor,
Bahadur Shah, but the real command lay with a court of soldiers headed by General Bakht
Khan. At Lucknow, Begum Hazrat Mahal took over the reins. Her son Birjis Qadir was
proclaimed the nawab and a regular administration was organized with important offices.
03: With reference to the terms of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, consider the following statements:
I. The agreement included the immediate return of all lands confiscated from the
peasants.
II. The Government also conceded the right to make salt for consumption to villages
along the coast.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) I only (b) II only
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
Ans: b
Sol: The Gandhi–Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and the
then Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin on 5 March 1931 before the Second Round Table
Conference in London.
The following were the proposed conditions:
 Stopping of the civil disobedience movement by the Indian National Congress.
 Participation of Indian National Congress in the Second Round Table Conference.
 Withdrawal of all laws issued by the British Government forcing checks on the
exercises of the Indian National Congress.
 A release of prisoners arrested during Civil Disobedience Movement.
 Permit the free collection or manufacture of salt by persons near the seacoast.
04: Consider the following statements, with reference to the doctrine of lapse:
1. It was introduced by Lord Dalhousie.
2. According to this doctrine, if an Indian ruler died without a natural heir, his kingdom
would lapse to the British Empire.
3. Awadh was annexed because the prince died without a natural heir.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: a
Sol: Doctrine of Lapse was an annexation policy followed widely by Lord Dalhousie when he
was India's Governor-General from 1848 to 1856. The Doctrine of Lapse was used to justify
the annexation of several Indian states, including Satara, Sambalpur, Jhansi, and Nagpur. The
policy was criticized by some British officials, as well as by many Indians, who saw it as a
violation of their traditional rights and customs. The British annexation of Awadh, also
known as Oudh, took place in 1856 under the rule of Lord Dalhousie, the Governor-General
of India. The annexation was carried out under the pretext of misrule and maladministration
by the then Awadh ruler.
05: Who among the following British Officer suppressed the revolt of 1857 in Jhansi?
(a) Henry Havelock (b) Joseph Campbell
(c) Hugh Rose (d) Henry Lawrence
Ans: c
Sol: Hugh Rose was a British official who aided the suppression of the revolt of 1857 in the
Jhansi district. Brigadier-General Sir Henry Montgomery Lawrence was a British military
official, surveyor, administrator and statesman at the time of British India. During the time of
the revolt of 1857, Lawrence was known for a defence of a six-month siege.
06: With reference to the Ghadar movement, consider the following statements:
1. It was organized by overseas Indian immigrants to Canada and the USA.
2. The founding president of the Ghadar party was Sohan Singh Bhakna.
3. The party weekly newspaper The Ghadar first issue was published in Gurumukhi.
Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: d
Sol: Ghadar means 'revolt' or rebellion. The Ghadar party (started in 1913) was a
revolutionary group organized to overthrow British rule in India. It was organized by
overseas Indian immigrants to Canada and the USA. The party was organized around a
weekly newspaper The Ghadar which was published from its headquarters, the Yugantar
Ashram in San Francisco. The founding president of the Ghadar party was Sohan Singh
Bhakna and Lala Hardayal was a co-founder of this party. The first issue of Ghadar was
published in Urdu on 1st November 1913, the Gurumukhi edition was letter started on 9th
December.
07: Which of the following acts introduced the system of open competitive examination for
civil services during British Indian rule?
(a) Charter Act of 1813
(b) Charter Act of 1853
(c) Indian Councils Act of 1861
(d) Government of India Act 1858
Ans: b
Sol: The Charter Act of 1853 carried further the separation of the executive and the
legislative functions by providing additional members of the council for the purpose of the
legislation. The Law Member was made a full member of the Executive Council of the
Governor General. The consent of the Governor General was made necessary for all
legislative proposals. Another important provision of the act was that it dissolved the
Company’s patronage. The Charter Act decreed that all recruits to the Civil Service were to
be selected through a competitive examination. Till 1853, all appointments to the Civil
Service were made by the directors of the East India Company, who placated the members of
the Board of Control by letting them make some of the nominations.
08: who was the President of Swaraj Party formed in the year 1922?
(a) Motilal Nehru (b) C Rajagopalachari
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Chittaranjan Das
Ans: d
Sol: The Swaraj Party was established on 1 January 1923 by Chittaranjan Das and Motilal
Nehru. The two important leaders of the Party were CR Das and Motilal Nehru in which CR
Das was the President and Motilal Nehru was its secretary. The Party was established as the
Congress Khilafat Swaraj Party. The Swaraj Party sought greater self-government and
political freedom from the British Raj for the Indian people.
09: With reference to Indian history, which of the following predecessors of the Indian
National Congress was established the earliest?
(a) Bengal British Indian Society (b) Poona Sarvajanik Sabha
(c) Landholder's Society (d) Madras Native Association
Ans: c
Sol: Landholder's Society (Zamindari Association) was established in 1838 to protect the
landlords' interests of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Despite its limited objectives, the
Landholders' Society marked the beginning of organized political activity and the use of
constitutional agitation methods for the redressal of grievances.
Bengal British Indian Society was organized in 1843 to protect and promote the interests of
the general public. Later on, the Landholders Society and Bengal British Indian Society were
merged to form British India Association. Madras Native Association was established in
1852 along with the Bombay Association. Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was organised in the
1870s by Justice Ranade and others. It is mainly devoted to criticism of important legislative
and administrative measures.
10: Which of the following proposals was/were part of the August Offer?
I. Promise of the expansion of the Executive Council.
II. A dominion status for Indian Union.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) I only (b) II only
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
Ans: c
Sol: The Viceroy of India, Lord Linlithgow, issued a statement from Simla on 8 August 1940
known as the August Offer. It was an attemt to secure the cooperation of the Indians in WW
II. Winston Churchill was the Prime Minister of England at the time. Some of the provisions
of the August Offer were:
1. Dominion status as the objective for India.
2. The number of the Indians in the Viceroy’s Executive council will be increased.
3. A representative “Constitution Making Body” shall be appointed immediately after the
war.
11: Consider the following Statements regarding Poona pact of 1932
I. The Poona Pact of 1932 was related to the issue of separate electorates for Muslims in
India.
II. The pact was an agreement reached between Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B.R.
Ambedkar, the leader of the Dalit community.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) I only (b) II only
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
Ans: b
Sol: The Poona Pact of 1932 was related to the issue of separate electorates for Dalits
(formerly known as Untouchables) in India. The pact was an agreement reached between
Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the leader of the Dalit community, on the issue of
reserved seats for Dalits in the legislature.
12: Mahatma Gandhi began his political activities in India first from
(a) Dandi (b) Kheda
(c) Sabarmati (d) Champaran
Ans: d
Sol: In 1917 on the invitation of Raj Kumar Shukla, Gandhi ji visited champaran village in
Bihar, were 'Tinkathiya' system was prevalent. In this system farmers were forced to grow
Indigo on the 3/20th part of land. Gandhiji organized Champaran Satyagraha to protest
against this system.
13: Consider the following Statements
I. Dadabhai Naoroji, known as Grand old Man of India, was a prominent leader of
Indian National Congress.
II. The demand for Swaraj was first raised by Dadabhai Naoroji in Calcutta Session of
India National Congress in 1906. According to him 'Swaraj' means self Govemment
or 'self-rule'.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) I only (b) II only
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
Ans: c
Sol: Dadabhai Naoroji, also known as the 'Grand Old Man of India' was born on 4th
September 1825. He was the founder and a member of the Indian National Congress in 1885
along with A. O. Hume and Dinshaw Wacha. Dadabhai Naoroji demanded Swaraj as national
demand for the first time at the Calcutta session of Congress in 1906. He became the
president of the Congress party in 1886, 1893, and 1906. He was one of the first Indian
political activists and mentors of Mahatma Gandhi, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Gopal Krishna
Gokhale. In 1909, Mahatma Gandhi gave a wider interpretation of Swaraj.
14: First Indian to get selected in Indian Civil Service (ICS) was________?
(a) Satyendranath Tagore (b) Sarojini Naidu
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose (d) Surendranath Bannerjee
Ans: a
Sol: Satyendra Nath Tagore was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Service. he was
posted to the Bombay ICS, where he served his entire career from 1864 to 1897. He was also
the author of various Bengali and English books and translated works from Sanskrit into
Bengali.
15; Consider the following statements regarding the Vernacular Press Act, 1878:
1. It was directed only against the Indian language newspapers.
2. It provided for the confiscation of the printing press, paper and other materials of a
newspaper if the Government believed that it was publishing seditious materials.
3. It was repealed in 1881 by Lord Ripon.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: d
Sol: Indian newspapers in the 1870s became highly critical of Lord Lytton’s administration,
especially regarding its inhuman approach toward the victims of the famine of 1876-77. The
Vernacular Press Act (VPA) of 1878, directed only against Indian language newspapers,was
conceived in great secrecy and passed at a single sitting of the Imperial Legislative Council.
The Act provided for the confiscation of the printing press, paper, and other materials of a
newspaper if the Government believed that it was publishing seditious materials and had
flouted an official warning.
16: Who among the following was elected thrice as the president of Indian National
Congress?
(a) Pherozshah Mehta
(b) Surendranath Bannerjee
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
Ans: d
Sol: Dadabhai Naoroji, became the president of Indian National Congress (INC) three times.
Firstly, He presided over its (INC) second session in Kolkata (then Calcutta) in 1886, second
time he became the president of the Indian National Congress (INC) at Lahore in 1893 and,
later, for the third time again in Kolkata in 1906.
17: The Prarthana Samaj was founded in 1867 in Bombay by__________?
(a) Mahatma Jyothiba Phule
(b) Atmaram Pandurang
(c) M.G. Ranade
(d) R.G. bhandarkar
Ans: (b)
Sol: The Prarthana Samaj was founded in 1867 in Bombay by Dr. Atmaram Pandurang. It
was an off-shoot of Brahmo Samaj. It was a reform movement within Hinduism and Justice
M.G. Ranade and R.G. Bhandarkar joined it in 1870 and infused new strength to it. Mahadev
Govind Ranade also ran the Deccan Education Society. Several members of the Prarthana
Samaj had earlier been active in the Paramhansa Mandali. This Samaj denounced idolatry,
priestly domination, caste rigidities, and preferred monotheism.
18: The Hindu Widow Remarriage Act was passed during the tenure of which Governor
General of India?
(a) Lord Canning (b) Lord Mayo
(c) Lord Ellenborough (d) Lord Amherst
Ans: a
Sol: Lord Canning was Governor-General of India when Hindu Widow Remarriage Act 1856
was enacted. Hindu Widow Remarriage Act 1856 was drafted during the Governor
Generalship of Lord Dalhousie. The Act legalised the remarriage of Hindu widows in the
regions which came under the jurisdiction of the East India Company. Ishwar Chandra
Vidyasagar introduced the practice of widow remarriages to mainstream Hindu society and
he also played a major role in the establishment of this act.
19: Who among the following leaders of the Indian National Congress was not known to be a
moderate leader?
(a) Badruddin Tayebji
(b) M. G. Ranade
(c) W. C. Bannerjee
(d) Bipin Chandra Pal
Ans: d
Sol: The Surat Split was the split of the Indian National Congress (INC) into two factions, the
Moderates and the Extremists, at the Surat session in 1907. Moderate Leaders: Surendranath
Banarjee, Dadabai Naoroji, Pheroze sha Mehta, Gopalakrishna Gokhale and M. G. Ranade
were some of the important moderate leaders.

20: Who is famously known as the father of Local Self Government?

(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Lytton
(c) Lord Ripon (d) Lord Cornwallis
Ans: c
Sol: Lord Ripon is regarded as the father of local self-government in India. He was
considered to have given the Indians the first taste of independence by establishing the Local
Self Government in 1882.
21: Who said, ‘Swaraj is my Birth Right and I will have it‘?
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Subhas Chandra Bose
(c) Sri Aurobindo Ghosh
(d) Motilal Nehru
Ans: a
Sol: Bal Gangadhar Tilak was an Indian social reformer and freedom activist. His famous
declaration “Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it” served as an inspiration for future
revolutionaries during India’s struggle for freedom. Tilak founded the All India Home Rule
League in 1916 with Annie Besant whose motto was self-government within the British
Empire for all of India.
22: Which among the following was the only INC session presided over by Mahatma
Gandhi?
(a) Kanpur, 1925 (b) Lucknow, 1916
(c) Belgaum, 1924 (d) Nagpur, 1920
Ans: c
Sol: Gandhiji became the president of Indian National Congress in 1924 at the Belgaum
session of Indian National Congress. Indian National Congress was the first modern
nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th
century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress
became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement.
23: The All India Muslim League was founded in December 1906 at________?
(a) Karachi (b) Dhaka
(c) Calcutta (d) Aligarh
Ans: b
Sol: On December 30, 1906, Muslim league was formed under the leadership of Aga Khan,
the Nawab of Dhaka and Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk at Dacca. It was formed to safeguard the
rights of Indian Muslims. Later, the league wanted a separate nation for India’s Muslims
because it feared that an independent India would be dominated by Hindus.
24: Who published newspapers Kesari and Maratha during India’s freedom movement?
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal
(d) Sri Aurobindo Ghosh
Ans: a
Sol: The Kesari and Maratha were started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Gopal Ganesh
Agarkar. The Kesari was in Marathi while Maratha was in English. These newspapers
published articles about the social and political issues. They also covered everything from
books and problems in England.
25: Who was the first Indian woman to become the president of Indian National Congress?
(a) Sarojini Naidu (b) Sucheta Kripalni
(c) Annie Beasant (d) Aruna Asaf Ali
Ans: a
Sol: Sarojini Naidu was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress Party in
1925, the first-ever Indian woman to assume that position. She was appointed the governor of
Uttar Pradesh after India achieved independence in 1947. She was India’s first woman
governor and remained in that position till her death in 1949. She was born on 13 February
1879 in Hyderabad.
26: Which Viceroy of India ordered partition of Bengal through a royal proclamation?
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Minto
(c) Lord Ripon (d) Lord Lytton
Ans: a
Sol: Bengal was partitioned on October 16, 1905, by Viceroy Lord Curzon. The British cited
the administrative reasons for the partition of Bengal. The plan was to carve out modern-day
Bangladesh and Assam as East Bengal and make Dhaka as the new capital.
27: In which of the following session of Indian National Congress, the resolution of Swadeshi
was adopted?
(a) Banaras Session, 1905 (b) Calcutta Session, 1906
(c) Surat Session, 1907 (d) Lahore Session, 1929
Ans: b
Sol: The resolution of Swadeshi was adopted in the 1906 Calcutta session of the Indian
National Congress. This session was headed by Dada Bhai Naoroji. Prior to this, in Banaras
1905 session, a resolution of a boycott of British goods was put forward.

28: Which of the following event happened first.

(a) Formation of All India Muslim League
(b) Morley Minto Reform
(c) Transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi
(d) Montagu Chlemsford Reforms
Ans: a
29: What was the immediate cause for the launch of the Swadeshi Movement?
(a) The partition of Bengal done by Lord Curzon
(b) A sentence of 18 months rigorous imprisonment imposed on Lokmanya Tilak
(c) The arrest and deportation of Lala Lajpat Rai and Ajit Singh; and passing of the Punjab
Colonization Bills
(d) Death sentence pronounced on the Chapkar brother
Ans: a
30: Who among the following leaders participated in all the three Round Table Conferences?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) B.R. Ambedkar
(d) Vallabh Bhai Patel
Ans: c
Sol; Dr. B.R. Ambedkar fought for the upliftment of down trodden classes who faced
discrimination from olden times. He always strived for the betterment of lower castes and he
attended all the three round table conferences.