INVERSE FUNCTION

AND INTRODUCTION
TO LOGARITHMIC
FUNCTIONS
OBJECTIVES:
1. Define an Inverse Function.
2. Solve for the inverse function of a
given function.
3. Define Logarithmic Functions
4. Rewrite Logarithmic Equations to its
Equivalent Exponential Form
INVERSE FUNCTION 3

Is a relation formed when the independent

variable and the dependent variable are
interchanged in each relation. When the inverse of
a function is itself a function, then the inverse of
the function is called an inverse function.

It is denoted as: 𝑓 !" 𝑥 , and its read as “the

inverse of 𝑓 𝑥 ”.
Example:
The inverse of the function 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 1 is
𝑓 !" 𝑥 = 𝑥 − 1

Take note: 𝑓 !" 𝑥 ≠ 𝑓 𝑥 !"

ONE TO ONE FUNCTION 4

A function is said to be one-to-one if whenever 𝒇(𝒙𝟏 ) =

𝒇(𝒙𝟐 ), it implies that 𝒙𝟏 = 𝒙𝟐 .

It is a special function that maps every element of the

range to exactly one element of its domain (the outputs
never repeat).

This means that one element in the domain is

related to exactly one element in the range.

Examples:
Linear functions such as: 𝑓 𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 4
ℎ 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 3 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑥 ≥ −3
"
ℎ 𝑥 = #!$
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑥 ≠ 4
 EXAMPLES
(with varying degrees of complexity)
STEPS IN FINDING THE INVERSE
OF THE FUNCTION

Step 1: Replace 𝒇(𝒙) by 𝒚.

Step 2: Interchange 𝒙 and 𝒚 variables.

Step 3: Solve for 𝒚 in terms of 𝒙.

Step 4: Replace 𝒚 by 𝒇$𝟏 𝒙 .

 FIND THE INVERSE OF THE FUNCTION
3
𝒇 𝒙 =4− 𝑥
2
&
Step 1: 𝑦 = 4 − 𝑥
'
&
Step 2: 𝑥 = 4 − ' 𝑦
𝟑
Step 3: 𝟐 𝑦 = 4 − 𝑥
$* +$',
Step 4: 𝑓 𝑥 =
&
 FIND THE INVERSE OF THE FUNCTION
𝒙−𝟐
𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙+𝟐
#!%
Step 1: 𝑦 = #&%
'!%
Step 2: 𝑥 = '&%
!%#!%
Step 3: 𝑥(𝑦 + 2) = 𝑦 − 2 Step 4: 𝑓 !" 𝑥 = #!"

𝑦𝑥 + 2𝑥 = 𝑦 − 2

𝑦𝑥 − 𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 2

𝑦(𝑥 − 1) = −2𝑥 − 2
FIND THE INVERSE OF THE
FUNCTION
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟓𝒙

To solve this, we go to our next

topic.
INTRODUCTION TO
LOGARITHMIC
FUNCTIONS
 LOGARITHMIC 11

FUNCTIONS
The logarithmic function with base b is the
function of the form 𝑦 = log ( 𝑥 ,
where 𝑥 > 0, 𝑏 > 0 and 𝑏 ≠ 1.

It is the inverse of the exponential function

𝑦 = 𝑏 # . Thus, 𝑦 = log ( 𝑥 can be written as 𝑦 = 𝑏 # .

The equation is written as 𝑦 = log ( 𝑥.

And it is read as “ y equals the log of x, base b” or “ y

equals the log, base b, of x.”
 FIND THE INVERSE OF THE FUNCTION

𝒙
𝒇 𝒙 =𝟓
Find 𝑓 &' 𝑥 : 𝑓 𝑥 = 5(

Step 1: 𝑦 = 5#

Step 2: 𝑥 = 5'

Step 3: 𝑦 = log ) 𝑥 Note: This equation is written as y = log 5 x. This

is read as “ y equals the log of x, base 5” or “ y
equals the log, base 5, of x.” which is read “ y
Step 4: 𝑓 !"(𝑥) = log ) 𝑥 equals the log of x, base b” or “ y equals the log,
base b, of x.”
LOGARITHMIC
13

FUNCTIONS
Logarithmi 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒙 = 𝒚
c Function exponent

base argument

Exponentia 𝒚
𝒃 =𝒙 argument
l Function
base exponent
CHANGE THE LOGARITHMIC FUNCTION
TO ITS EXPONENTIAL FORM AND VICE
VERSA:

1. log ' 𝑥 = 5 4.2/ = 𝑥

!
2. log / 64 = 3 5. 32 = 𝑥
"

3. log . 625 = 𝑥 6. 7' = 𝑥 ' + 3𝑥 + 9

 GET THE EQUIVALENT LOGARITHMIC OR
EXPONENTIAL EXPRESSION OF THE FOLLOWING:

Your Turn!
1. log & 9 = 𝑥
1
2. 7 = 𝑔 1. (3𝑥)0 = 11

3. log 0 (2𝑥 + 1) = 𝑦 . 2. log &. (4𝑐 − 7) = 6

4. 𝑦 = 𝑏 &,$'2
LOGARITHMIC
16

FUNCTIONS
The equation is written as 𝑦 = log ! 𝑥.

And it is read as “ y equals the log of x,

base b” or “ y equals the log, base b, of x.”
 EXAMPLES
(with varying degrees of complexity)
EVALUATE THE LOGARITHMIC
EXPRESSION:

&
1. log # 64 = 3. log % =
'&

&
2. log $ 625 = 4. log ( =
%)%
EVALUATE THE LOGARITHMIC
EXPRESSION:

1.log # 2048 = 3. log * 1 =

&
2.log"# 10,000 = 4.log&# &# =
ANY QUESTIONS?
ANY QUESTIONS?
ANY QUESTIONS?
ASSIGNMENT:
&' )
1. Find 𝑓 𝑥 of 𝑓 𝑥 = 4 − 𝑥
*

2. Find 𝑥 in 𝑙𝑜𝑔$ 𝑥 = 4
3. Change the Exponential Function to
its equivalent Logarithmic Expression:
4%&'( = 34𝑦 + 5
4. Evaluate 𝑙𝑜𝑔"## 1
5. Find 𝑓 &' 𝑥 of 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥