FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES ( FSSH )

ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY ( ANSOC )

UW6312001

SSF1023: CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOLOGY

LECTURER : DR. FARAH BINTI ZAINI

TOPIC : DISCUSSION ABOUT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN

THE ANIMATED MOVIE, "UP"

GROUP MEMBERS:

NAME MATRIC NUMBER

CYLENCY EVA ANAK ROCKSON MILLER 86382

AMIRA ZAHIERA BINTI KHARUDDIN 86288
NURUL SYAHIDAH MAHSEN 86908
JESSICA YAM ANAK SANGAU 84138
FLORENCE ANAK ALI 86458
ATILLA TENING TUP 86310

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TABLE OF CONTENTS :

BIL. CONTENTS NUMBER OF PAGES

1. Introduction 3-4

2. Discussion 4-6

3. Types of human development 6-12

4. Conclusion 13-14

5. References 15

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Pixar Animation Studios' animated movie "Up," analyses different phases of human
development and provides a captivating point of view. This visually magnificent movie, which
aired in 2009, explores the psychological, emotional, and social aspects of human development.
The concept of human development refers to an individual entire life of physical, cognitive, and
physical growth. The movie "Up" brings important insights into cognitive development, social
development, and physical development through its complex storyline and relatable characters.

The main theme of human development in the movie “Up” is cognitive development,
which writes about the journey of an elderly man seeking adventure, Carl Fredricksen. The rapid
development of a child's ability for analytical thought and reasoning is known as cognitive
development. Carl displays his cognitive adaptability and creativity in his choice of attaching
balloons to his home and setting out on a fantasy expedition to Paradise Falls. He gets expertise in
applying higher-level thought processes. The movie focuses on how individuals may challenge
social norms and broaden their perspectives while moving forward to develop cognitively.

Apart from that, the visually incredible movie "Up" shows intergenerational relationship
of social development. Social development means how people develop social and emotional
abilities throughout their lives, with particular emphasis on childhood and adolescence. For
instance, the unexpected relationship between Carl and Russell can be viewed as an example of
how connecting generational differences may be beneficial for both sides. The movie draws
attention to the positive influence such as connections in personal development and broadening
one's perspective of the world.

On the other hand, the movie "Up" shows how someone's physical growth shapes their life.
Physical development is the growth and development of the body along with the brain which
includes improving muscular control and physical coordination. Despite Carl’s age, he has
outstanding physical strength and imaginative thinking, overcoming challenges and pushing the
limits of his physical ability to accomplish goals. It determines a variety of physical growth issues,
including mobility, strength, and endurance. Furthermore, the movie demonstrates the value of

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physical health and the excitement of outdoor adventure through Russell, a young Wilderness
Explorer. Russell's excitement and enthusiasm serve as a reminder of the crucial role of exercise
in maintaining health and youth. In a nutshell, the movie "Up" highlights human growth in a
complex variety that includes cognitive, social, and physical development. It is an inspirational
review of the human circumstance by analyzing these various types of human growth. The movie
serves as a reminder that cognitive development, social development, and physical development
are all linked together and essential for individual development.

2.0 DISCUSSION

The animated movie "Up" is a heartwarming and adventurous tale that offers various
discussion points. Here are a couple of topics you could explore which are the power of dreams
and adventure, emotional resilience and healing, environmental awareness and conservation and
inter-generational relationships.

First and for all, the power of dreams and adventure. In the movie "Up", it's highlights the
importance of pursuing our dreams and embracing adventure. It follows the journey of Carl
Fredricksen, a widower who embarks on an extraordinary adventure to fulfill his late wife's dream.
We can observe how the film inspires viewers to break free from the ordinary and chase their
passions, despite obstacles and age. In addition is emotional resilience and healing. The movie
touches upon themes of loss, grief, and emotional healing. Carl's bond with Russell, the young
Wilderness Explorer, demonstrates the healing power of companionship and shared experiences.
It's describe how the film portrays the characters' emotional journeys and how they find solace in
one another.

Next is environmental awareness and conservation. Animation movie "Up" also raises
environmental consciousness. The story takes us to Paradise Falls, a pristine location threatened
by human activity. We can explore how the film encourages viewers to reflect on their impact on
the environment and the importance of preserving natural wonders. Last but not least for discussion
about the animated movie "Up" is inter-generational relationships. The unlikely

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friendship between Carl and Russell explores the beauty of inter-generational connections. The
film discussed about the celebration that exchange of wisdom, experiences, and perspectives
between different age groups.

As we delve deeper into any of these themes or explore other aspects of the movie that
intrigue us, there are still much more that can be discussed about the animatied movie "Up", for
instances are loss, nostalgia, and moving forward, themes of friendship and loyalty, chasing
childhood dreams, visual storytelling and animation and impact of music.

The obvious aspect that need to explore is loss, nostalgia, and moving forward. The film
portrays Carl's struggle with the loss of his wife and his attachment to their shared memories. You
can discuss how "Up" portrays the journey of letting go, finding closure, and embracing new
beginnings. We are able to analyze the depiction of nostalgia and how it affects Carl's character
development. Additionally is themes of friendship and loyalty. The animatied movie "Up"
showcases the bond between Carl, Russell, and other characters they encounter along the way. The
film emphasizes the significance of friendship, loyalty, and the impact they can have on one's life.
Discuss the growth of these relationships and how they contribute to the overall narrative.

Other than that is chasing childhood dreams. Through the character of Charles Muntz, a
renowned explorer turned antagonist, the movie explores the consequences of pursuing dreams at
any cost. Delve into the notion of dreams versus obsession and the importance of finding a balance
between ambition and morality. One of the aspects that can be discussed in the movie "Up" is
visual storytelling and animation. In the animated movie "Up" is renowned for its breathtaking
animation and captivating visuals. We can delve into the technical aspects of the film, such as its
unique art style, color palette, and the ways in which the visuals enhance the storytelling and evoke
emotions. The last aspect is impact of music. It is discuss the significance of the film's musical
score, composed by Michael Giacchino. It also analyze how the music complements the narrative,
enhances emotional moments, and adds depth to the overall viewing experience.

So, in the animated movie "Up" offers a rich tapestry of themes and discussion points.
From the power of dreams and adventure to the exploration of emotional resilience, inter-

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generational relationships, and environmental awareness, the film provides a heartfelt and thought-
provoking experience. It encourages viewers to reflect on their own aspirations, the significance
of human connections, and the need to embrace change. With its visually stunning animation and
impactful storytelling, "Up" reminds us of the importance of pursuing our passions, finding healing
in unexpected places, and cherishing the bonds we form along life's journey.

3.0 TYPES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

3.1 COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

Among the types of human development which is cognitive development, according to

(Jean Piaget) cognitive development has four stages which are sensorimotor, preoperational,
concrete operation, and formal operation. For example, in the movie up scenes at minute 00:21:15,
Mr. Carl Federickson wanted to make his house into an airplane by using thousands of helium
balloons and also made a rudder to direct his house and fly to paradise falls. He wants to fulfill his
promise to his late wife Ellie to go to Australia and build their house in paradise falls. This is said
to be so because creative thinking in creating something can help in developing children's talents
towards being more creative in producing something for example, (Carl) has a very creative
thinking in creating and producing something which is by turning the house into an airplane to get
to paradise falls in America. According to (Lev Vygotsky) cognitive development is also
influenced by social and cultural environmental factors, for example, (Carl) having creative
thinking started when he wanted to fulfill his promise with his late wife to paradise falls and he
succeeded in creating a steering wheel that could direct his house in the direction that he wanted
and a balloon was made to fly his house.

Piaget's theory emphasizes the progression of cognitive abilities through distinct stages.
In "Up," we can see the portrayal of cognitive development in the character of Russell, the young
Wilderness Explorer. Russell demonstrates characteristics of the preoperational stage, which
typically occurs between the ages of 2 and 7. This stage is characterized by egocentrism,
animistic thinking, and the emergence of symbolic representation.

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 Russell's perspective aligns with egocentrism, as he often focuses solely on his own desires
and needs, initially ignoring Carl's emotional state. Additionally, his animistic thinking is evident
through his interactions with Kevin, the bird. Russell believes Kevin has human-like qualities and
attributes emotions to the bird, showcasing his imaginative thinking. Furthermore, the use of
symbolic representation is seen through the Wilderness Explorer badges. The badges serve as
symbols of achievement and progress, reflecting Russell's cognitive ability to represent abstract
concepts through tangible objects.

3.2 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

The social development is divided into two, level of moral development by Lawrence
Kohlberg and Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory. A term coined by psychologist Lawrence
Kohlberg, post-conventional morality describes the moral reasoning of moral actors who base their
choices on universally applicable rights, values, obligations, or principles (Green and Snarey). For
instance, a young child named Russell wanted to earn a badge so he tried to assist the elderly guy.
Although the elderly man declined his assistance, Russell persisted in attempting.

The second social development is Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory. Erik Erikson, a
psychologist, and psychoanalyst, developed his Stages of Psychosocial Development hypothesis
in the 1950s. In addition to adding the role of social dynamics and the continuation of psychosocial
development into older age, it improved upon Freud's concept of psychological development by
drawing metaphors in childhood stages (Carrey, 2010). One of the examples, Carl Fredricksen in
the movie “Up” is going through a psychosocial crisis in the eighth and last stage of his existence,
integrity vs despair. Carl is an obstinate man who dislikes change and has failed to conquer the
problems of the eighth stage, resulting in his being a grumpy loner in late adulthood. Carl is left to
navigate the world, which is rapidly changing around him, after the death of his wife and lifelong
best friend, Ellie.

From a different perspective, let's think about social development in "Up" through a
different lens. The movie challenges societal norms and encourages viewers to question the

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conventional expectations placed upon individuals at different stages of life. Carl, an elderly man,
embarks on an epic journey that defies age-related limitations, demonstrating the idea that one is
never too old to explore, learn, and form new relationships.

The movie also presents a critique of modern society's disconnect from nature and the
importance of environmental awareness. As Carl and Russell encounter breathtaking landscapes
and encounter various creatures, it sparks a sense of wonder and appreciation for the natural world.
This notion of reconnecting with nature is a reminder of the essential role it plays in our social
fabric. Furthermore, "Up" explores the notion of self-discovery and the importance of embracing
one's true identity. Carl's encounters with new characters and environments allow him to break
free from societal expectations and rediscover his passions and dreams. This theme encourages
viewers to reflect on their own lives and consider the ways in which they can break free from
societal constraints to pursue their genuine desires.

In the animated movie "Up", not only touches upon traditional aspects of social
development like relationships and teamwork but also encourages viewers to challenge norms,
reconnect with nature, and embark on a journey of self-discovery. It's a movie that invites us to
think beyond the confines of societal expectations and embrace our individuality in a world full of
possibilities.

3.3 PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

In the movie under analysis which is Up, the inclusion of two protagonists of various ages
allows for the incorporation of two hypotheses into the evaluation. Russell is a nine-year-old
youngster, while Carl Fredricksen, a senior man, is claimed in his late 70s. The characters are so
drastically different in terms of their physical growth, despite the fact that both represent their
physical development in a fairly realistic manner. Carl is depicted as having difficulties moving,
namely by having him use a walker and going slightly more slowly at each step. While Russell has
the opposite physical state such as being quite active, frequently running, and energetic all around.

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 In the movie "Up," physical development takes a back seat to the emotional and
psychological aspects of the story. However, we can view physical development in a metaphorical
sense. The journey of Carl's flying house, lifted by countless balloons, represents a form of
physical transcendence. It symbolizes the liberation from the constraints of the mundane, allowing
Carl to explore new horizons and venture into the unknown. Moreover, the vibrant and visually
stunning landscapes showcased in the movie inspire a sense of wonder and awe, stimulating our
imagination and encouraging us to appreciate the beauty of the physical world. Through this visual
spectacle, "Up" invites us to consider the role of our physical environment in shaping our
experiences and perceptions.

Additionally, the movie indirectly emphasizes the importance of physical health and
vitality by showcasing the resilient nature of the characters. Despite their age and various physical
challenges, they demonstrate strength, endurance, and adaptability as they navigate treacherous
terrains and confront unexpected obstacles. This serves as a reminder that physical well-being
contributes to our overall capacity to face and overcome life's challenges.

In essence, while physical development may not be explicitly emphasized in "Up," we can
interpret the movie's themes and visual elements through a broader lens, considering the symbolic
significance of physical transcendence, the impact of our physical environment, and the underlying
message of resilience and vitality.

3.4 SOCIOCULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND HIERARCHY OF NEEDS THEORY

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 Another theory that can be applied is Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of development.
This theory emphasizes the influence of social interactions and cultural context on cognitive
development. In "Up," Carl and Russell's relationship exemplifies Vygotsky's concept of the zone
of proximal development. As Carl mentors and guides Russell on their adventure, Russell's
cognitive abilities are expanded through social interaction and collaboration.

In "Up," sociocultural development takes flight as the movie invites us to question societal
norms and conventions. The film challenges the idea that age or status should dictate one's
adventures and passions. Through the journey of Carl and Russell, it defies expectations and
encourages viewers to embrace their dreams and aspirations, regardless of societal constraints.
Moreover, "Up" subtly addresses cultural diversity and the power of cross-cultural interactions.
The characters encounter different individuals during their expedition, each with their unique
backgrounds and perspectives. This celebration of diversity showcases the richness of human
experiences and challenges the notion of a homogenous world.

The movie also raises questions about the role of technology in sociocultural development.
Charles Muntz, the famed explorer, represents the potential pitfalls of extreme technological
advancement and the dangers of losing touch with humanity. It serves as a cautionary tale,
reminding us to prioritize genuine connections and the preservation of our sociocultural heritage.
Additionally, "Up" highlights the transformative power of shared experiences and the formation
of unconventional friendships. Through the journey, Carl and Russell build a deep bond that
transcends age and societal expectations. This exploration of intergenerational connections
challenges the traditional notion of social development and promotes a more inclusive perspective.

The hierarchy of needs theory, proposed by Abraham Maslow, is not explicitly portrayed
in the animated movie "Up." However, we can interpret certain elements of the film through the
lens of this theory. The movie touches upon Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, which
suggests that individuals have a hierarchy of needs that must be fulfilled to achieve self-
actualization. Carl's journey in "Up" can be seen as a pursuit of self-actualization as he moves
beyond his basic survival needs and seeks to fulfill his higher-level needs, such as love, belonging,
and personal growth.

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 In the animated movie "Up," the hierarchy of needs theory too, takes flight in unexpected
ways. Carl's journey to Paradise Falls can be seen as a quest to fulfill his deepest needs and desires,
transcending the traditional interpretation of Maslow's theory. At the basic physiological level, the
colorful and imaginative visuals of the movie stimulate our senses, creating a feast for the eyes
and triggering our innate curiosity and wonder. The vibrant landscapes, floating house, and
breathtaking adventure awaken our primal instincts and remind us of the need for exploration and
discovery. Moving beyond the conventional interpretation, the movie challenges the notion of
safety as a prerequisite for higher-level needs. Carl and Russell embark on a daring and risky
adventure, defying safety concerns and societal norms. This unorthodox approach suggests that
sometimes stepping out of our comfort zones and embracing uncertainty is essential for personal
growth and self-actualization.

Moreover, "Up" explores the concept of belongingness in a non-traditional way. While the
characters form meaningful connections with each other, they also find a sense of belonging in the
untamed wilderness and the awe-inspiring beauty of nature. The movie invites us to consider the
importance of our connection with the natural world and the role it plays in fulfilling our higher-
level needs. In terms of esteem and self-actualization, the film challenges the notion of external
validation and societal expectations. Carl's journey is driven by his internal desire to honor his late
wife's dream, find personal fulfillment, and unleash his true potential. It reminds us that self-
actualization comes from within and is not solely dependent on external achievements or
recognition.

So, in the animated movie "Up", encourages us to question societal norms, embrace cultural
diversity, critically examine the impact of technology, and prioritize authentic connections. It
challenges the boundaries of sociocultural development, urging viewers to think beyond the
confines of societal expectations and explore the limitless possibilities of human connection and
growth. In essence, "Up" invites us to break free from the traditional interpretation of the hierarchy
of needs theory and embrace a more expansive view of human fulfillment, where the pursuit of
adventure, connection with nature, and the realization of our innermost desires are essential

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components of self-actualization. It challenges us to soar beyond the confines of societal
expectations and discover our own unique paths towards personal growth and fulfillment.

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4.0 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, there are three types of human development in the movie ‘Up’ which is
cognitive development, social development, and physical and motor development. In cognitive
development, Carl has difficulty with his memories and the ability to comprehend information,
which can be seen in his inability to grasp specific scenarios such as the appearance of Dug and
the revelation of Muntz’s secret. In turn, Russel his curiosity and quick thinking mirror also reflect
the appropriate stage of cognitive development, when the transition toward abstract thinking is
observed in children. Then, there is also social development. The social development are divided
into two, which is level of moral development by Lawrence Kohlberg and Erik Erikson’s
Psychosocial Theory The social development between Russel and Carl is demonstrated well in the
movie. For instance, Russell wanted to earn a badge, so he tried to help the elderly man. Russell
persevered in his endeavour despite the elderly man's refusal. Then, Russel also meets the fourth
dilemma by Erik Erikson which is the criteria of the Industry vs Inferiority stage. For example,
Russell needs a father figure in his life especially a father who would be proud of him, which
implies a struggle between Industry vs Inferiority and the willingness to achieve Competency.

Meanwhile, Carl is going through a psychosocial crisis in the eighth and last stage of his
existence which is Integrity vs Despair when he failed to conquer the problems of the eighth stage,
causing him from being a grumpy loner in late adulthood. Carl is left to navigate the world, which
is rapidly changing around him, after the death of his wife, Ellie. Lastly, physical and motor
development. In the movie ‘Up’, both of the characters which is Carl and Russell represent their
physical development in a fairly realistic manner. For example, Carl who is already in his late 70s
is having difficulties moving, namely by having him use a walker and going slightly more slowly
at each step meanwhile Russell has the opposite physical state such as being quite active,
frequently running, and energetic all around.

The stated representation appears highly accurate when it comes to the developmental
stages that have been observed, notably Piaget's concrete operational stage (Russell) and Erikson's
"Integrity vs. Despair" stage (Carl). They also have very correct brain development. Russell is
inquisitive and focused on the world around him and its discovery, but Carl is slow and forgetful.

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Although Russell's complete lack of egocentric ideas could theoretically be consistent with the
concrete operational stage, they appear to be features of a more mature individual, undermining
Russell's representation greatly.

5.0 REFERENCES

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AlleyDog.com. (2019). Social Development definition | Psychology Glossary | alleydog.com.
Alleydog.com. https://www.alleydog.com/glossary/definition.php?term=Social+Development

Stanford Children's Health. (2019). Cognitive development in the teen years.

Stanfordchildrens.org.
https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=cognitive-development-90-P01594

Stutts, L., Guerrero, B. M., Brigano, M. O., Everett, G. E., Maupin, A. N., Pham, A. V., Carlson,
J. S., Levin, E., McKinlay, A., Naglieri, J. A., Curb, L., Barney, L., McKinlay, A., Hamit, S., Del
Vecchio, T., Naylor, J. M., Axe, J. B., Slish, M. L., Noggle, C. A., & Moreau, A. R. (2011).
Postconventional Morality. Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development, 1124–1127.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2200

Taylor Addison, & Brianna Boyd. (n.d.). Animated Film Analysis - Disney Pixar’s “Up” Film
Analysis Taylor Addison, Brianna Boyd, Xavier - Studocu. Studocu. Retrieved June 15, 2023,
from
https://www.studocu.com/en-us/document/north-carolina-at-state-university/introduction-to-
human-development/animated-film-analysis/6560484

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