University of Engineering

and Technology, Lahore

FSD Campus
Textile
Department

Subject Code: (TEX-203)

Semester: 3rd
Subject title:
Weaving preparatory process
Submitted by:

Name Reg No.

Awais Mehmood Khan 2022-TXE-20
Muhammad Bilal Talib 2022-TXE-16
Ali Muhammad 2022-TXE-22
 Submitted to:
Engr. Mr. Haris
Ameer
Title
To observe the flow line of sizing machine and find out the function
performed by different parts of sizing machine
Abstract
In this lab, flow line of sizing machine, their different parts and their functions were observed.
Yarn path way was also observed.

Introduction
After warping, the next step in the weaving process is sizing. It is a crucial and significant pre-
processing step. "The sizing process is the application of a thin layer of adhesive and binder to
the yarn surface to improve the yarn's ability to weave." It is necessary for using single-ply spun
yarn for weaving the fabric. The performance of the loom and the caliber of the fabric to be
woven are directly impacted by the caliber of the sizing procedure. This procedure involves
dipping the warp sheet into the adhesive and binder mixture and then giving it a good push to
remove any remaining adhesive. The ends of the warp are now separated from one another once
it has dried. On the weaver's beam, the warp ends are now wound. The scaling process increases
the warp yarn's strength. Additionally, the yarn becomes less hairy. The warp yarn passes under
moderate stress during the sizing process. After the size is decreased, the tension in the yarn
creates some stretch, which results in elongation of the yarn. This is a drawback to the sizing
procedure. In the size process, a variety of sizing agents are employed to enhance different yarn
qualities. This procedure is executed with precision and care. Poor and incorrect size is the result
of numerous weaving challenges. A size that is too large also causes issues. The amount of size
pick-up is applied based on the warp yarn's yarn characteristics. The quality performance of size
is greatly influenced by the choice of appropriate sizing ingredients. The optimal performance of
the sizing process is always the outcome of improved process and quality control.
The principal components of a sizing recipe are
• Adhesive
• Lubricant
• Antimicrobial age
Sizing is the heart of weaving. Well sized is half woven. Sizing machine consists of different
parts like creel, size box, drying cylinders, lease rods and headstock are the major parts which
define the sizing machine

Experimental:

Material
• Warp sheet

Methodology:
• Flow line of sizing machine were observed
• Different parts and their functions were also being observed
Size recipe:
⚫ P 10 starch = 50 kg
⚫ P 5 starch = 50 kg
⚫ PVA = 4 kg
⚫ Wax = 1 g

Result and discussion:

Observations
Different parts of sizing machine were observed. The common parts and working of sizing
machine are given below [1]:
• Creel

• Sow box

• Liquor circulation system

• Drying unit

• Yarn separator and its platform

• Headstock

• Adjustable reed

• Beam winding system

• Beam pressing system

• Drive

• PIV boxes

• Control panel

• Automatic speed and moisture control system

• Length measuring system

• Stretch control system

• Cooking unit

Liquor storage

Wrapper beam
A crucial component of the sizing machine is the reel. The beams of the warped are fixed to the
creel. The total number of ends needed in the weaver's beam determines the creel's beam
mounting capacity. Every beam alternates between a pair of roller nips. The rollers have
unrestricted mobility. Every pair of rollers has a braking mechanism attached to it. The hand
wheels can be tightened or loosened to change the beam tension. With the aid of this hand
wheel, the beam alignment is also completed. Each beam's warp is guided by the yarn guiding
rollers installed in the creel. The sizing machine uses a vertical creel or zigzag pattern. Vertical
creel takes up less space than zigzag creel.
Saw box
It is the most critical and important portion of the sizing machine. Mainly it is responsible for
size pick-up percentage in the warp during.
Stainless steel tub
The sow box has a stainless steel tub. The sizing liquor is filled in this
tub.
Guide roller
It is mounted just before the immersion rollers, it guides the warp sheet during the process.
Squeezing rollers
There is extra sizing liquor on the warp when it submerges in the size liquor. It is necessary to
remove this surplus of sizing fluid from the warp. The squeezing roller, which is positioned
slightly above the stainless steel roller, has nips that the warp exiting immersion rollers passes
between. In a sow box, there are two squeezing rollers. The warp sheet is compressed by the
squeezing roller, which also removes extra sizing liquid from it.

Schematic Flow line of Sizing process:

Table 1: Specifications of sizing machine:

Sr. No. Specifications Machine Specifications
 1. Manufacturer Paryushan sizing M/C India
2. Model ZA20
3. No. of Warper Beam 28
4. Creel Type Moveable
5. Size box 900 L
6. Leasing System No
7. Temperature of Drying Cylinders 150
Conclusion:
It is concluded that without sizing weaving cannot be done accurately because of lots of
breakage. So sizing is the main and important part of weaving process.

Reference:
[1] M. Ahsen Mir, "Sizing Materials".