Addis Ababa Science and Technology University

College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Course Title: Electrical Measurement and Instrumentation
Worksheet
1. For the potentiometer shown in Fig 1, supply voltage Vr=10V, maximum position xp=15mm.
what will be the measured displacement if the output voltage Vo is 7V.

Fig 1: Potentiometer for linear displacement measurement

2. A platinum resistance sensor is to be used to measure temperatures between 0 and 300°C.

Given that the resistance RT Ω at T °C is given by RT = R0(1 + αT + βT2) and R0=100.0,
R100 = 138.50, R300 = 225 Ω, calculate:

3. A variable reluctance sensor consists of a core, a variable air gap and an armature is shown in
Fig 2. The core is a steel rod of diameter 1 cm and relative permeability 100, bent to form a
semi-circle of diameter 4 cm. A coil of 500 turns is wound onto the core. The armature is a
steel plate of thickness 0.5 cm and relative permeability 100. Assuming the relative
permeability of air = 1.0 and the permeability of free space = 4π × 10−7Hm −1, calculate the
inductance of the sensor for air gaps of 1 mm and 3 mm.
 Fig 2: Variable reluctance inductive displacement sensor
4. A variable dielectric capacitive displacement sensor consists of two square metal plates of
side 5 cm, separated by a gap of 1 mm. A sheet of dielectric material 1 mm thick and of the
same area as the plates can be slide between them as shown in Fig 3. Given that the dielectric
constant of air is 1 and that of the dielectric material 4, calculate the capacitance of the sensor
when the input displacement x = 0.0, 2.5 and 5.0 cm.

Fig 3: variable dielectric capacitive displacement sensor

5. A liquid level sensor has an input range of 0 to 15 cm. Use the results given in the table to
estimate the maximum hysteresis as a percentage of f.s.d.

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6. A pressure transducer has an input range of 0 to 104 Pa and an output range of 4 to 20 mV at
a standard ambient temperature of 20 °C. If the ambient temperature is increased to 30 °C,
the output range changes to 4.2 to 20.8 mV. Find the values of the zero drift and sensitivity
drift due to environmental changes?
7. A 0 to 50 V output range voltmeter is connected across the terminals A and B of the circuit
shown in Fig 4. Find the loading error and accuracy as a percentage of full scale deflection.
The voltmeter has a resistance of 1000KΩ

Fig 4: Electrical Circuit

8) A resistive deflection bridge has a supply voltage of 10 V. Find the bridge output voltage
when:
(a) R1 = 101 Ω, R2 = 99 Ω, R3 = 101 Ω, R4 = 99 Ω
(b) R1 = 100.1 Ω, R2 = 99.9 Ω, R3 = 100.1 Ω, R4 = 99.9 Ω.
9) A Platinum resistive temperature detector has a resistance of 100 Ω at 0 °C and a temperature
coefficient of resistance of 4 x10-3 °C-1. Given that a 15V supply is available, design a
deflection bridge giving an output range of 0 to 100 mV for an input range of 0 to 100 °C:
(Hint: RT = R0(1+αT))
10) The variable dielectric capacitive displacement sensor of Problem 4 is incorporated into an
electrical oscillator circuit with a fixed inductance of 500 pH. Find the variation in
frequency of the oscillator output signal corresponding to a variation in displacement of
between 0 and 5 cm.
11) A permanent magnet moving coil instrument gives full scale deflection of 2 mA and potential
difference across its terminals is 100 mV. Calculate;
a. The internal resistance of the meter.

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 b. Shunt resistance so that the meter will be extended as an ammeter to a full-scale
deflection of 20 A.
c. The new effective full-scale deflection voltage if the meter is extended as a voltmeter.
The value of series resistance (voltage multiplier) is 99.95kΩ.
12) A strain in the range 0 to 10−3 is to be measured using a four-strain-gauge bridge connected
to a differential amplifier Fig 5. The strain gauges have resistance 120 Ω and gauge factor
2.1, and the supply voltage is 15V. Find the value of the amplifier feedback resistance RF if
the output signal range is 0 to 1.0 V.

Figure 5: Strain Gauge Bridge connected to differential amplifier