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Anatomy of The Digestive System-Notes
Anatomy of The Digestive System-Notes
Anatomy of The Digestive System-Notes
Muscular,
Human hollow& tube
Anatomy (= “digestive
Physiology, tract”)
Sixth Edition
+ N. Marieb
Elaine
Various accessory organs
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Digestive System: Overview
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.1
Digestive Process
Figure 23.2
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Gastrointestinal Tract Activities
Esophagus
Intestine
Figure 23.3
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Gastrointestinal Tract Activities
From esophagus to the anal canal the walls of the GI tract have
the same four tunics. From the lumen outward they are the:
1. mucosa
2. submucosa
3. muscularis externa
4. serosa
Each tunic has a predominant tissue type and a specific
digestive function
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.6
Histological Organization
1
Tube made up of 2
four layers.
Muscularis
Modifications along 3 externa
its length as
needed.
4
3) Muscularis externa –
4) Serosa
visceral layer of mesentery or adventitia depending on location
Enzyme-secreting cells
1. cheeks
Figure 23.7a
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Oral Cavity and Pharynx: Anterior View
Figure 23.7b
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Tongue
Functions include:
Gripping and repositioning food during chewing
Figure 23.8
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Salivary Glands
Figure 23.9a
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Permanent Teeth
Figure 23.10.2
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Classification of Teeth
Figure 23.11
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Esophagus
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.14a
Stomach
Figure 23.15
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Gastric glands of the fundus and body have a variety of
secretory cells
Mucous neck cells – secrete acid mucus
Parietal cells – secrete HCl
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.21
Small Intestine: Histology
Lesser curvature
Greater curvature
Histology in lab
Colon
Ascending colon - on right, between
cecum and right colic flexure
Transverse colon - horizontal portion
Descending colon - left side, between
left colic flexure and
Fig 25-17
Sigmoid colon - S bend near terminal
end
Rectum – terminal end is anal canal - ending at the anus - which has
internal involuntary sphincter and external voluntary sphincter
Gall bladder
Figure 23.20
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Liver: Microscopic Anatomy
lobules are hexagonal shaped and the structural and functional units
of the liver
Composed of hepatocyte (liver cell) plates radiating outward
from a central vein
Portal triads are found at each of the six corners of each liver
lobule
Figure 23.24c, d
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Liver sinusoids – enlarged, leaky capillaries located
between hepatic plates
Kupffer cells – hepatic macrophages found in liver
sinusoids
Figure 23.29a
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Colon
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 23.30b
Mesenteries of Digestive Organs
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Mesenteries of Digestive Organs
Figure 23.30d
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