University Examinations 2019/2020

Third Year First Semester Exams for the degree of

Bachelor of Engineering

in

Electrical & Telecommunications Engineering and

Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Course Code: ECE 361

Course Title: Electrical Machines I

Instructions to candidates:

Answer any 5 of the following 7 questions

All questions carry equal marks

Time:3hrs
ECE 361;Electrical MachinesI - 2019-2020 Semester I page 1 of 3

1. (a)Give six reasons why induction motor is the most widely type of motor in the industry.
[6 marks]
(b) (i)Give any four advantages of squirrel cage induction motor over wound rotor
induction motor.
[4 marks]
(ii)State two reasons why the slots of a squirrel cage motor are not made parallel to
the shaft but rather skewed. [2 marks]
(c) The stator of a 3-φ induction motor has 3 slots per pole per phase. If supply frequency
is 50 Hz, calculate;
(i) number of stator poles produced and total number of slots on the stator
(ii) speed of the rotating stator flux (or magnetic field).
[2 marks]

2. (a)(i) Using vectors explain how a rotating field is achieved in the air gap of an
induction motors carrying a uniformly distributed three phase winding. [6 marks]
(ii)Explain how torque is produced in an induction motor. [5 mrks]
(iii)Why can the induction motor not run at synchronous speed? [3 mrks]

3. (a) (a) Derive the expression for the torque of an induction motor under running
conditions with the following parameters;
E2 = rotor emf per phase phase at standstill.
R2 =rotor resistance per phase.
X2 = rotor reactance per phase
Hence determine the condition for maximum running torque. [6 marks]

(b) A 480-V, 60 Hz, 50-hp, three phase induction motor is drawing 60A at 0.85 PF
lagging. The stator copper losses are 2 kW, and the rotor copper losses are 700 W.
The friction and windage losses are 600 W, the core losses are 1800 W, and the stray
losses are negligible. Find the following quantities:
1. The air-gap power PAG.
2. The power converted Pconv.
3. The output power Pout.
4. The efficiency of the motor. [4 marks]

3. (c) A 3-phase, slip-ring, induction motor with star-connected rotor has an

Induced e.m.f. of 120 volts between slip-rings at standstill with normal voltage applied to
the stator. The rotor winding has a resistance per phase of 0.3 ohm and standstill leakage
reactance per phase of 1.5 Ω. Calculate;
(i) rotor current/phase when running short-circuited with 4 percent slip
(ii) the slip and rotor current per phase when the rotor is developing maximum torque.
[4 marks]
ECE 361;Electrical MachinesI - 2019-2020 Semester I page 2 of 3

4. (a) Explain the following as applied to induction motor;

(i)Lock rotor torque
(ii)Pull-up torque
(iii)Break-down torque
(iv)Braking torque
[4 marks]
(b)Name three methods of starting induction motors.
[3 marks]
(c) A 220-V, 3-φ, 4-pole, 50-Hz, Y-connected induction motor is rated 3.73 kW.
The equivalent circuit parameters are:
R1 = 0.45 Ω, X1 = 0.8 Ω; R2′ = 0.4 Ω, X2′ = 0.8 Ω, B0 = – 1/30 mho
The stator core loss is 50 W and rotational loss is 150 W. For a slip of 0.04, find
(i) input current(ii) p.f. (iii) air-gap power (iv) mechanical power (v) electro-magnetic
torque (vi) output power and(vii) efficiency.

[7marks]
5. (a) With the help of a neat sketch explain power development in an induction motor.
[6marks]
(b)Draw equivalent circuit of an induction motor. [4marks]
(c)A 440-V,three-phase,50-Hz,37.5Kw star connected induction motor has the parameters;
Stator resistance R1 =0.1Ω, Stator reactance X1=0.4Ω
Rotor resistance referred to stator R’2 =0.15Ω
Rotor reactance referred to stator X2’ =0.44Ω
The motor has stator cor loss of 1250W and rotational loss of 1000W.It draws no-load
line current of 20A at p.f of 0.09 lag.When the motor operates at 3٪ slip calculate
(i)input line current and p.f (ii)electromagnetic torque (iii)power output
(iv)efficiency of the motor [4marks]
ECE 361;Electrical MachinesI - 2019-2020 Semester I page 3 of 3

6. (a)(i) Discuss the revolving field theory of single-phase induction motors. [6 marks]
(ii)Find the mechanical power output at a slip of 0.05 of the 185-W, 4-pole, 110-V,
60-Hz single-phase inductionmotor, whose constants are given below:
Resistance of the stator main winding R1 = 1.86 ohm
Reactance of the stator main winding X1 = 2.56 ohm
Magnetizing reactance of the stator main winding Xm = 53.5 ohm
Rotor resistance at standstill R2 = 3.56 ohm
Rotor reactance at standstill X2 = 2.56 ohm
[8 marks]

7)(a)Name three methods used to make single phase motor self starting. [3 marks]

(b)Give a brief outline on the principle behind;

(i) split-phase motor [5 marks]
(ii)Shaded-pole motor [6 marks]

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